Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

at Delphoi 253
mood\ And like enough it was under Orphic influence that he
ventured even to equate Apollon with Dionysos, when in an unknown
play— perhaps the Bassarai—he wrote :
Apollon of the Ivy, he the Bacchant, he the Seer^.
Similarly Euripides, another poet who had more than a bowing
acquaintance with Orphism, in his Likymnios penned the following
invocation :
Lord who lov'st the Baytree, Paian, Bakchos, Apollon of the Lyre^
Fig. 170.
Later we get the identification more explicitly stated. In the first
century of our era Dion Chrysostomos, addressing the Rhodians,
says :
'Yet some maintain that Apollon, Helios, and Dionysos are all one and the
same ; and that is your own accepted view*.'
The best commentary on this passage is a series of early imperial
coppers, struck in Rhodes, which has for obverse type (fig. 170)^
^ See Gruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. pp. 430 n. 2, 1168 n. 7, ii7'2, 1290 n. 3.
^ K\%Qh.. f7'ag. 341 Nauck- ap. Macrob. Sat. i. 18. 6 6 Kiaaevs 'AiroWcov, 6 paKxeOs,
6 /xdvTis. The manuscript variants are 6 Bokx^'os M'- M 2. M 3. S. OBAKGIOCP2.
OBAKCIOCB. R. 6 fidKXios F ; . OKABAIOCPi.
a prolific crop of conjectures : J.
J/3ciKxeP6. (^/xdiTtsPe. Hence
de Meurs 6 Kai ^dKXoi /xclvtis, Jakob Gronovius
Q KvWeiis 'AttoWwv, 6 'HpiKawaios, 6 M^ris (an improvement on Mdcrapis), J. Barnes
Sa^otor, H. Bothe and C. A. Lobeck 'A^aios, F. G. Welcker Ka/3atos, J. G. J. Hermann
Ba/cxf'os, A. Nauck /Sa^xei/s (adding 'versus videtur esse Bacaapuv'). An anonymous
German scholar in the margin of my copy of L. Jan's Macrobius has hazarded the
neologism ^aKxadixavTi^.
3 ILnr. '^ frag. 477 Nauck ap. Macrob. Sat. i. 18. 6 Siairora tpiMdaipve Bd/cxe, waiav
'AiroWov ei)\vpe. The variants are trifling : BAIAN
"AtpoXNov. A. Nauck cleverly suggests the transposition Seairora \
B. P2. R. 'AttoWcov R. J. de Meurs
(ptXdda^ve
iraiav Bd/cx'
"AttoWoj' evXupe. Perhaps we should go one step further and read the compound Ba/cxd-
iroWof, cp. AiovvaaXe^avdpos and the like (F. H. M. Blaydes' n. on Aristoph. ran. 499).
* Dion Chrys. or. 31 p. 570 Reiske Kairoi tov fiiv 'AttoWw koL Thv"H\i.ov Kai rbv
Aibvvaou ivioi