Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

414
Artemis and the Oak
relationship as Virbius to Diana Nemorensis'^. Unfortunately, little
or nothing is known about the early kings of Troizenl It is,
however, noteworthy that the later Troezenian hero Hippolytos to
some extent repeated the career of Saron. He too was a hunter, was
intimate with Artemis, had the entree of her dbaton^, and died a
violent death on the margin of the sea. He is not indeed linked by
The existence of the alternative title Sapwcia at first sight tells against my interpreta-
tion of "Zapuvh ; for Sapujvts and "ZapuvLa may both be derivatives of "Lapuv, a place-name
(Staph. Byz. s.v. l^dpuiv • towos Tpoi^rjvos) or river-name (Eustath. in Dionys. />er. 420 tj dirb
Hdpuvoi TTOTa/xov Tpoi^TJvos, whence L. Holstein cj. irorap.bs for rdwoi in Steph. Byz. /oc.
cit.). But these names themselves in all probability connoted oaks, cp. Paus. 8. 23. 8 iirl
dpufibv dfpl^ri "Ldpuua (C. Bursian Geo^raphie von Griecheftland "Lei-pzyg 1868— 1872 ii. 263
n. 2 ^"Zbpiov ist wahrscheinlich arkadische Form flir Zapwr,' L. Grasberger Stitdien sii den
griechischen Ortsnamen WUrzburg 1888 p. 259), so that on this showing Zapwcis, Sapoiv/a
would be ' She of the Oak-land,' ' She of the Oak-river.' «
There is yet another possibility. Starting from Hesych. s.v. o-aptDces' to. tSiv driparCov
Xivd W. Pape—G. E. Benseler lVdrte7-lnich der griechischen Eigennamen^ Braunschweig
1875 ii. 1349 lender Sctpow' ' Netzold, Netze '—a view adopted by Preller— Robert Or.
Myth. i. 613, Gruppe Or. Myth. Rel. p. 192 (but see ib. p. 1281 n. 4), Nilsson Or. Feste
p. 227, O. Hofer in Roscher Lex. Myth. iv. 388 (but see ib. p. 389). Artemis Sapojj'is,
liapiavia would then be a kind of AiKTufva. But it is far from certain that AiKTvvva was
originally connected with SIktvou (supra i. 541 n. 6); and the Hesychian gloss may rest
on a confusion (cp. Hesych. s.v.