Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

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lanus bifrontal on coins 371 For this bold and somewhat grotesque device a precedent may be found in the action of Sex. Pompeius Magnus Pius, the younger son of the triumvir, who c. 45—44 B.C. struck asses in Spain bearing as obverse design a head of lanus with the features of Cn. Pompeius Magnus (fig. 275)^ Commodus in turn was followed by Caracalla, who a few years later (214 A.D.) visited Thrace and, posing as Alexander redivivics, had himself painted in the Janiform type of Fig. 275. Fig. 276. ' Alexander and Antoninusl' A propos of Commodus, we must rule out one of his medallions (fig. 276), a bronze piece in the cabinet at Arolsen, published by E. Gerhard in 1861* and still accepted as genuine by W. H. Roscher in 1890^ and by J. Toutain in 1899^ On it the emperor in the guise of lanus, with one face bearded, the other beardless, holds a staff in his left hand and lays his right on a hoop (described by courtesy as an arch"), from which the four Numismatists differ in naming the emperor's partner. Gnecchi loc. cit. says ' Ercole ' H. Cohen loc. cit., 'Hercule'; H. A. Grueber in the Brit. Miis. Cat. Medallions p. 25, 'Janus'; W. Frohner loc. cit., 'Jupiter'; W. Kubitschek loc. cit., ' Juppiter.' 1 Morell. Thes. Nti/ii. Fain. Rom. i. 334 f. pi. Pompeia i, 5, Babelon Monn. rep. rom. ii. 351 no. 20 fig., Brit. JMus. Cat. Kom. Coins Rep. ii. 371 f. pi- 10 r, 13 and 14, A. Boutkowski Dictionnaire ntimisinatique Leipzig 1881 p. i2f. nos. 25, 26. I figure a specimen in my collection. Since Sex. Pompeius after the battle of Munda (45 B.C.) rallied the troops that had served under his father and brother, who both bore the name Cn. Pompeius Magnus, it is just conceivable that this Janiform head was intended to combine the paternal and fraternal features. Aurei of Sex. Pompeius, struck soon after 42 B.C., have obv. his own head in an oak-wreath, rev. the heads of his father and brother confronted (Morell. op. cit. i. 335 ff. pi. Pompeia i, 6, Babelon op. cit. ii. 353 no. 24 fig., Brit. Mus. Cat. Rom. Coins Rep. ii. 561 pi. 120, 9 and 10, Boutkowski op. cit. p. 99 ff. no. 238, G. F. Hill Historical Roman Coins London 1909 p. 126 ff. pi. 13, 78). See further infra p. 389 n. 2. - Herodian. 4. 8. ^ E. Gerhard in the Arch. Zeit. 1861 xix. 137 pi. 147, 8 (=my fig. 276) and 9 with comments by F. Wieseler ib. pp. 13&— 140. ^ W. H. Roscher in his Lex. Myth. ii. 38, 52 fig. '* J. Toutain in Daremberg— Saglio Diet. Ant. iii. 612 fig. 4141. ^ W. H. Roscher locc. citi.: 'seine R. legt er auf einen offenen Bogen (ianus = fores caeli),' 'die R. legt er auf einen lanusbogen.' 24-
372 lanus bifrontal on coins Seasons issue towards a boy symbolising the New Year. This bizarre medallion is, I think \ merely a tooled specimen of a type Fig. 279. first struck by Antoninus Pius in 158 A.D. (fig. 277)- and subsequently repeated by Commodus in 185 A.D. (fig. 278)1 The god is lupiter*, not lanus, and a Paris example of the later issue shows 1 Mr G. F. Hill, with whom I have discussed the type, endorses my opinion. I see too that Frohner Mid. emp. roin. p. 121 n. i has expressed the same doubt. - Gnecchi Meddgl. Rom. ii. 15 no. 54 pi. 48, 9 ( = my fig. 277) from a specimen formerly in the Stroganoff, latterly in the Evans collection. ' Gnecchi Medagl. Rom. ii. 60 no. 75 pi. 83, 3 (=my fig. 278) from a specimen at Monaco, ib. no. 76, ih. no. 77 pi. 83, 4, Brit. Mus. Cat. AledalHons p. 24 no. 15 pi. 30, 2, Kubitschek Rom. Mcdaillons Wicn p. 7 no. 57 pi. 4 (mounted and silvered to serve as a bulla), E. Gerhard in the Arch. Zeit. i86r xi.x. 137 pi. 147, 6 and 7 with comments by F. Wieseler ib. pp. 137— 140. ^ Eckhel Doctr. nttm. Tet."^ vii. 113 already describes him as 'luppiter.' F. Wieseler in Miiller—Wieseler Denkm. d. alt. Ktinst ii. 4. 65 pi. 74, 960 and in the Arch. Zeit. loc. cit. says 'Zeus'; H. A. Grueber in the Brit. Mns. Cat. Medallions p. 24, 'Jupiter'; Gnecchi op. cit. ii. 60, ' Giove o il .Secolo' (cp. infra p. 373 n. 2). The notion of C. Lenormant Nouvelle galerie mythologique (Tresor de numismatique et de glyptique) Paris iS^o p. 135 no. 8 pi. 42 that a specimen on which the god is apparently beardless (??) represents ' Le jeune empereur' is justly ridiculed by F. Wieseler in the .4rch. Zeit. loc. cit. ; but his own view that the medallion in question shows ' Helios-Apollon ' is not much better. Possibly Lenormant's drawing (reproduced in the .4rch. Zeit. 1861 .\ix pi. 147, 7) is incorrect.
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'^ff' ]"W, ':'.'} :'.' !:; ii;:i;;l
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ZEUS A STUDY IN ANCIENT RELIGION VO
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V ^ ZEUS A STUDY IN ANCIENT RELIGIO
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viii Preface worth putting into a b
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X Preface willing to devote themsel
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xii Preface Prof. R. C. Bosanquet,
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xiv Preface illustration of Volume
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XVI Contents iv. Zeus and Dionysos
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XVlll Contents PART II Appendix A.
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XX List of Plates to face PLATE pag
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ABBREVIATIONS This List of Abbrevia
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Abbreviations xxv and Lesbos 1894 b
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Abbreviations xxix i (Alpes Maritim
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Abbreviations xxxi Antiken Bildiver
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Abbreviations xxxiii Inscr. Gr. Del
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Abbreviations xxxv L. Meyer //andd.
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Abbreviations xxxvii iii Die Bildwe
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Abbreviations xxxix i^xi (Tomi i—
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Abbreviations xli Sitzzifigsber. d.
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Abbreviations xliii Welcker Gr. Goi
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2 Zeus lightens, thunders, rains, e
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4 The Diosemia or ' Zeus-sign ' Peo
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6 The Diosemia or ' Zeus-sign ' Mag
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8 The Diosemia or ' Zeus-sign ' reg
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I o The Diosemia or ' Zeus-sign ' p
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12 Zeus Keraunos zoistic stage was
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i^. Zeus Kataibdtes a learned treat
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1 The altars of Zeus Kataibdtes Som
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1 The altars of Zeus Kataibdtes mem
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20 The altars of Zeus Kataibdtes th
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22 The Zeus-struck man in Elysium w
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24 Death by lightning as euthanasia
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;eum : Zeus in pursuit of Semele. S
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Death by lightning as euthanasia 25
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Death by lightning as euthanasia 27
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The Tarentine cult of Zeus Kataibdt
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The Tarentine cult of Zeus Kataibdt
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» Zoroastres 33 of the Rufinian mo
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Zoroastres 3 5 statement in a somew
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The Elysian Way 37 Again, in an equ
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The Elysian Way 39 There is a road
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The Elysian Way 41 ignored by them
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The Elysian Way 43 Way'. Again, Emp
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The Sky-Pillar in Italy 45 facilita
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The Sky-Pillar in the 'Minoan' area
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The Sky-Pillar in the 'Minoan' area
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The Irminsul 51 (in Marti TJiingso^
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The Irminsul 53 the sign and symbol
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The Irmi7tsul 55 witness to the ter
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lupiter-Columns 57 vehicle of the s
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lupiter-Columns 59 Seasons, the qua
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lupiter-Columns 6i children with a
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lupiter-Coiumns 63 with his club is
Page 119 and 120:
lupiter-Columns 65 Minerva is Holda
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lupiter-Columns 67 This hypothesis,
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lupiter-Columns 69 possibly it symb
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lupiter-Columns 71 occupied either
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n M Fig- 31- lupiter-Columns 73 Fig
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lupiter-Columns 75 barbaric head an
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The Jupiter-Column of Saverne. Plat
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78 lupiter-Columns spokes as he rea
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8o lupiter-Columns sometimes has as
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82 lupiter-Columns So far, then, we
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84 lupiter-Columns is preceded by a
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86 lupiter-Columns a flash of light
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8 8 lupiter-Columns PreserverV in a
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90 lupiter-Columns ascending order
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92 lupiter-Columns {le Bourg d'Angs
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The Column of Mayence 93 oak at Rem
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The Column of Mayence 95 and Minerv
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The Column of Mayence 97 lower drum
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The Column of Mayence 99 Verticordi
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Commemorative Columns lOI Antoninus
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Commemorative Columns 103 '9' 7 PP-
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Commemorative Columns 105 recognise
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Commemorative Columns 107 of decora
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The Trophy 109 And pillars lopped t
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The Trophy III that of La Turbie ne
Page 173 and 174:
The Trophy 113 IViss. Phil. -hist.
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and the Soul-Ladder 115 blaze or sh
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and the Soul-Ladder 117 Dec. 13), t
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and the Soul-Ladder 119 be itself o
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and the Soul-Ladder 121 — How, ex
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Amphora from Capua, now in the Brit
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and the Soul-Ladder 123 de PArt vi.
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Plate VI Polychrome hydria from Kyr
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and the Soul-Ladder 125 In support
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and the Soul-Ladder 127 Such belief
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and the Soul-Ladder 129 and corresp
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and the Soul-Ladder 131 sLimably ve
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and the Soul-Ladder 133 Now \}[\dX
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and the Soul-Ladder 135 Ladder of P
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and the Soul-Ladder 137 Ladder of t
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a. c o • I— _> C/3 ca J3 Si !-i
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140 The Sky-Pillar in Sardinia abid
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142 The Sky-Pillar in Sardinia stan
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144 Diana-Pillars vase, complete th
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146 Diana-Pillars Steps give access
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148 Diana-Pillars broad ribands. Ra
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I50 Diana-Pillars disk, from which
Page 222 and 223:
152 Diana-Pillars Fig. 92. kais. de
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154 Diana-Pillars bronze shrines fr
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156 vL ^*w ^ 05 JiZ. < — L < Dian
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158 Diana-Pillars pillar : the pend
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i6o Agyieus-ViW'Sir^ tionof the sam
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1 6 2 y4gjieus-Vi\\3.rs in lllyria,
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1 64 Agyieus-V\\\2ixs fact, the tit
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1 66 0?npha/6s and Pillar dence tha
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i68 Omphalos and Pillar have been w
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lyo The Delphic Omphalos which cert
Page 242 and 243:
172 The Delphic Omphalos Fig. 118.
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174 The Delphic Omphalos well have
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Three views of the inscribed omphal
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176 The Delphic Omphalds the earth-
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178 The Delphic Omphalos who are kn
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i8o The Delphic Omphalos in all pro
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l82 The Delphic Omphalos of honour
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The Delphic O^nphalos 183 and sundr
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The Delphic Omphalos 185 fillets an
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The Delphic 07nphal6s 187 at the co
Page 267 and 268:
The Delphic 07nphal6s 189 were two,
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The Delphic Omphalos 191 aetiology
Page 272 and 273:
Plate XI (a) Altar as represented o
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194 The Delphic Tripod Fig. 134.
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196 The Delphic Tripod lebes restin
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198 The Delphic Tripod 'The tripod
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The Cliigi base at Dresden, represe
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200 The Delphic Tripod Pythian vict
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202 The Delphic Tripod art-type tra
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204 The Delphic Tripod ApoUon in th
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2o6 The Delphic Tripod is finely co
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2o8 The Pythia as Bride of Apollon
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210 The Pythia and the phetic pries
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Hydria in the Fitzwilliam Museum, C
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Caldron of Apotlleosis 213 that the
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Caldron of Apotheosis 215 Euripides
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Caldron of Apotheosis 217 Ephoros,
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Caldron of Apotheosis 219 Other wri
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Pythagoras as Apollon reborn 221 do
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Pythagoras as Apollon reborn 223 te
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Pythagoras as Apollon reborn 225 wi
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Pythagoras as ApoUon reborn 227 Sal
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Pythagoras as Apollon reborn 229 in
Page 322 and 323:
Zeus at Delphoi 231 from Knossos^ a
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Dionysos at Delphoi 233 commemorate
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Dionysos at Delphoi 235 the same pr
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Dionysos at Delphoi 237 J. Loth in
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Dionysos at Delphoi 239 I have, how
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Dionysos at Delphoi 241 Clement of
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Dionysos displaced by Apollon 243 t
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at Delphoi ' 245 in the second Hami
Page 338 and 339:
at Delphoi 247 124, 254 n.*, J. L.
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'^ at Delphoi 249 Plout. de fnus. 1
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at Delphoi 251 Daldeia in Lyclia',
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at Delphoi 253 mood\ And like enoug
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at Delphoi 255 oratory traditionall
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at Delphoi 257 the griffin which sh
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X 0) +-'
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26o Dionysos displaced by Apollon A
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262 Dionysos displaced by Apollon a
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X +-> Q.
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264 Dionysos displaced by Apollon T
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2 66 The stratification of Delphic
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268 Zeus and Dionysos which probabl
Page 367 and 368:
270 Zeus and Dionysos pellatives: h
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272 p. Kretschmer's hypothesis the
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2 74 Criticism of P. Kretschmer's h
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276 Criticism of P. Kretschmer's hy
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278 Dios and Dios Nysos monly end w
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2 8o Dios and Dios Nysos De'os or D
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282 Dios and Dios Nysos compared wi
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Dios and Dios Nysos 283 two, and th
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Dios and Dfos Nysos 285 with Zeus P
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Dios and Dios Nysos 287 eastern sid
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fw^/'/^v^^/ ' /y/v^/^y^/A'/iw^^^ Dt
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Dios and Dfos Nysos 291 hand with t
Page 392 and 393:
Papas and Attis 293 sobriquet stric
Page 394 and 395:
The Mother-goddess and h^v pdredros
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The Mother-goddess and her pdredros
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The Mother-goddess and hcv pdredros
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The Mother-goddess and h.^v pdredro
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Attis in relation to Christianity 3
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Attis in relation to Christianity 3
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Attis in relation to the Dioskouroi
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Page 410 and 411:
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The Kdbeiroi or Megalot Theoi 313 p
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The Kdbeiroi or Megdloi Theoi 315 k
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Zeus Didymatos 317 the former influ
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Zeus duplicated on a gem 319 p. D.
Page 420 and 421:
Zeus duplicated on a gem 321 first
Page 422 and 423: The Celtic Janiform god 323 (8) The
Page 424 and 425: The Celtic Janiform god 325 Noricum
Page 427 and 428: X JS Q. •C c« CO O CO 9 e c4 U3
Page 429 and 430: 328 lupiter and lanus in the Salian
Page 431 and 432: 3 30 lupiter and lanus in the Salia
Page 433 and 434: 332 lanus and lupiter on coins
Page 435 and 436: 334 lanus and lupiter on coins Fig.
Page 437 and 438: 336 lanus an older lupiter yawning
Page 439 and 440: 338 lanus an older lupiter His titl
Page 441 and 442: 340 Zan an older Zeus lanus, theref
Page 443 and 444: 342 Zan an older Zeus anecd. Paris,
Page 445 and 446: 344 ^^^ ^^ older Zeus A. F. Pott (1
Page 447 and 448: 34^ Zan an older Zeus But why must
Page 449 and 450: 348 Zan an older Zeus ' over agains
Page 451 and 452: 350 Zan an older Zeus The same may
Page 453 and 454: 352 Zan an older Zeus detects yet a
Page 455 and 456: 354 lanus represented as Vault or A
Page 457 and 458: 35^ lanus represented as Vault or A
Page 459 and 460: 35^ lanus represented as Vault or A
Page 461 and 462: 360 The Triumphal Arch had its sepa
Page 463 and 464: 362 The goddess under the Arch (fx)
Page 465 and 466: 364 Tigillum Sororium and lupiter T
Page 467 and 468: 366 The god under the Arch the Foru
Page 469 and 470: 368 lanus bifrontal on coins c. 92
Page 471: 370 lanus bifrontal on coins series
Page 475 and 476: 374 lanus bifrontal in ritual the m
Page 477 and 478: 37^ lanus bifrontal in ritual verse
Page 479 and 480: 37^ The significance of lanus' doub
Page 481 and 482: 380 The significance of lanus' doub
Page 487 and 488: 386 The Sky-god's hat parison with
Page 489 and 490: 388 The differentiation of associat
Page 491 and 492: 390 The differentiation of Thoukydi
Page 494 and 495: the Sky-god's faces 391 and the typ
Page 498 and 499: M ns.)nif/A .VA^ Plate XXII
Page 503 and 504: . t ,.4^^/rfi^ ..,.//7r-.,.j//y,/^^
Page 506 and 507: Virbius as Dianus 393 probably brou
Page 508 and 509: Virbius as Dianus 395 things which
Page 510 and 511: Virbius as Dianus 397 hist. 25. 105
Page 512 and 513: Virbius as Dianus 399 older head is
Page 514 and 515: Diana and the Oak 401 Vicus Cuprius
Page 516 and 517: Diana and the Oak 403 change from o
Page 518 and 519: Artemis and the Oak 405 scape-relie
Page 520 and 521: Artemis and the Oak 407 the thymiat
Page 522 and 523:
Artemis and the Oak 409 on leading
Page 524 and 525:
Artemis and the Oak 411 much weight
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Artemis and the Oak 413 Troizen, st
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Artemis and the Oak 415 legend with
Page 530 and 531:
Diana's tree at Nemi 417 introduces
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Diana's tree at Nemi 419 woodland k
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Diana's tree at Nemi 421 a priest o
Page 536 and 537:
The supports of the Sky personified
Page 538 and 539:
Page 540 and 541:
Page 542 and 543:
Page 544 and 545:
Page 546:
Plate XXIV Etruscan mirror: the Dio
Page 549 and 550:
434 Twins as Children of the Sky Fi
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43 6 Kastor and Polydeukes conventi
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438 Kastor and Polydeukes after thi
Page 555 and 556:
440 Romulus and Remus have us belie
Page 557 and 558:
442 Romulus and Remus the type is c
Page 559 and 560:
444 Zetes and Kalais princely twins
Page 561 and 562:
446 Herakles and Iphikles was dispo
Page 563 and 564:
44 The effeminate Twin Zeus^, or th
Page 565 and 566:
45 The effeminate Twin before he pa
Page 567 and 568:
452 Apollon and Artemis Iphiklos^ c
Page 569 and 570:
454 ApoUon and Artemis
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45^ Apollon and Artemis his ancient
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45 8 Apollon and Artemis light of t
Page 575 and 576:
460 Apollon and Artemis The Delphia
Page 578 and 579:
Apollon and Artemis 461 p. Hartwig
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• Apollon and Artemis 463 The cop
Page 582 and 583:
ApoUon and Artemis 465 other allusi
Page 584 and 585:
ApoUon and Artemis 467 Iphitos, mak
Page 586 and 587:
Apollon and Artemis 469 her days an
Page 588 and 589:
Apollon and Artemis 471 names deriv
Page 590 and 591:
Apollon and Artemis 473 earliest ex
Page 592 and 593:
Apollon and Artemis 475 who with bi
Page 594 and 595:
Apollon and Artemis • possibiliti
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ApoUon and Artemis 479 On the left
Page 598 and 599:
Apollon and Artemis 481 it is permi
Page 600 and 601:
Apollon and Artemis 483 190 And the
Page 602 and 603:
Apollon and Artemis 485 deity assoc
Page 604 and 605:
Apollon and Artemis 487 from the ne
Page 606 and 607:
Apollon and Artemis 489 a liyper-Do
Page 608 and 609:
Apollon and Artemis 491 are an amph
Page 610 and 611:
Apollon and Artemis 493 his argumen
Page 612 and 613:
Apollon and Artemis 495 Boreas,' th
Page 614 and 615:
Apollon and Artemis 497 sometimes a
Page 616 and 617:
55' Stf W iS' X. ?s '^ "^ e HY I y
Page 619 and 620:
Apollon and Artemis 499 explained a
Page 621 and 622:
Lightning as a flash from an Eye 50
Page 623 and 624:
Lightning as a flash from an Eye 50
Page 625 and 626:
Lightning as a weapon 505 is the so
Page 627 and 628:
Lightning as a weapon 507 earlier,
Page 629 and 630:
Lightning as a weapon 509 informati
Page 631 and 632:
Lightning as a weapon 511 found in
Page 633 and 634:
The double axe in 'Minoan' cult 513
Page 635 and 636:
The double axe in mid air 515 benea
Page 638:
vH -^1 ;^^ The painted limestone sa
Page 641 and 642:
5i8 The double axe in relation trun
Page 643 and 644:
520 The double axe in relation bord
Page 645 and 646:
52 2 The double axe in relation Cer
Page 647 and 648:
524 The double axe in relation if t
Page 649 and 650:
526 The double axe in relation A su
Page 651 and 652:
528 The double axe in relation a fi
Page 653 and 654:
53^ The double axe in relation Simi
Page 655 and 656:
532 The double axe in relation prec
Page 657 and 658:
534 The double axe in relation to h
Page 659 and 660:
53^ The double axe in relation to h
Page 661 and 662:
53^ The double axe in relation to h
Page 663 and 664:
Page 665 and 666:
Page 667 and 668:
544 The deity of the double axe ena
Page 669 and 670:
54^ The deity of the double axe sen
Page 671 and 672:
54^ The deity of the double axe pow
Page 673 and 674:
SS^ The deity of the double axe in
Page 675 and 676:
' Antiochus 552 The deity of the do
Page 677 and 678:
554 The deity of the double axe cul
Page 679 and 680:
55^ The deity of the double axe fra
Page 681 and 682:
558 The deity of the double axe if
Page 683 and 684:
560 The double axe and Zeus JLabrdy
Page 685 and 686:
562 The double axe and Zeus Labrdyn
Page 687 and 688:
Page 689 and 690:
Page 691 and 692:
Page 693 and 694:
570 The double axe and Zeus Lahrdyn
Page 695 and 696:
Page 697 and 698:
Page 699 and 700:
57^ The double axe and Zeus Labrdyn
Page 701 and 702:
57^ The double axe and Zeus luabrdy
Page 703 and 704:
Page 705 and 706:
582 The double axe and Zeus L,abrdy
Page 707 and 708:
Page 709 and 710:
586 The double axe and Zeus Lal?rdy
Page 711 and 712:
588 The double axe and Zeus Lahrdy?
Page 713 and 714:
Page 715 and 716:
Page 717 and 718:
594 The double axe and Zeus Labrdy7
Page 719:
59^ The double axe and Zeus Labrdyn
Page 722 and 723:
The double axe and Zeus Lal?rdyndos
Page 724 and 725:
The double axe and Zeus Lai?rdyncio
Page 726 and 727:
The double axe and the labarum 60 f
Page 728 and 729:
The double axe and the labarum 603
Page 730 and 731:
Page 732 and 733:
The double axe and the labaru?n 607
Page 734 and 735:
Page 736 and 737:
The double axe and the labarum 6 1
Page 738 and 739:
Page 740 and 741:
Zeus in the East 615 from Kameiros
Page 742 and 743:
The double axe in the West 617 othe
Page 744 and 745:
The double axe in the West 619 Not
Page 746 and 747:
The axe carried by priests and prie
Page 748 and 749:
Page 750 and 751:
Page 752 and 753:
Page 754 and 755:
Page 756 and 757:
Page 758 and 759:
Page 760 and 761:
The decoration of the double axe 63
Page 762 and 763:
Page 764 and 765:
Page 766 and 767:
Page 768 and 769:
Page 770 and 771:
Page 772 and 773:
Page 774 and 775:
Page 776 and 777:
Page 778 and 779:
The duplication of the double axe 6
Page 780 and 781:
The double axes of Tenedos 655 attr
Page 782 and 783:
The double axes of Tenedos 657 Gree
Page 784 and 785:
The double axes of Tenedos 659 dian
Page 786 and 787:
The double axes of Tenedos 66i repr
Page 788 and 789:
' Minoan ' The double axes of Tened
Page 790 and 791:
The double axes of Tenedos 665 addi
Page 792 and 793:
The double axes of Tenedos 667 affi
Page 794 and 795:
The double axes of Tenedos 669 ' Ky
Page 796 and 797:
The double axes of Tenedos 671 fath
Page 798 and 799:
The double axes of Tenedos 673 (bet
Page 800 and 801:
The double axes of Tenedos 675 comb
Page 802 and 803:
The axe and the sacred oak at Dodon
Page 804 and 805:
The axe and the sacred oak at Dodon
Page 806 and 807:
sacred tree at Rhegion 68i image in
Page 808 and 809:
The axes and the sacred oaks at Dot
Page 810 and 811:
Axe-blades and axe-hafts in megalit
Page 812 and 813:
megalithic art of western Europe 68
Page 814 and 815:
megalithic art of western Europe 68
Page 816 and 817:
The axes of Penelope 691 The name P
Page 818 and 819:
The axes of Penelope 693 of Thrace,
Page 820 and 821:
The axes of Penelope 695 whole stor
Page 822 and 823:
The axes of Penelope 697 an appella
Page 824 and 825:
Superstitious practices with axes 6
Page 826 and 827:
Page 828 and 829:
Page 830 and 831:
The spear of Zeus 705 Nonnos in the
Page 832 and 833:
The spear of Zeus 707 Zeus Areios i
Page 835 and 836:
Plate XXIX Etruscan mirror: the bir
Page 837 and 838:
yio The spear of Zeus head of Zeus
Page 839 and 840:
712 The sword of Zeus lupiter, gras
Page 842 and 843:
The sword of Zeus 713 and that the
Page 844 and 845:
The sword of Zeus 715 father of the
Page 846 and 847:
The sword of Zeus 717 A terra-cotta
Page 848 and 849:
The sword of Zeus 719 presence of A
Page 850 and 851:
The sword of Zeus 721 phon^), who f
Page 852 and 853:
Gradual elimination of the thunderb
Page 854 and 855:
Page 856 and 857:
I or Gradual elimination of the thu
Page 858 and 859:
Page 860 and 861:
Page 862 and 863:
Page 864 and 865:
Page 866 and 867:
Page 868 and 869:
Page 870 and 871:
Page 872 and 873:
Page 874 and 875:
Page 876:
Bronze statuette of Zeus in the Uff
Page 880 and 881:
Page 882 and 883:
Page 884 and 885:
Page 886 and 887:
Page 888 and 889:
Page 890:
Plate XXXIV Bronze statuette found
Page 893:
75 8 Gradual elimination of the thu
Page 896 and 897:
Page 898 and 899:
Page 900 and 901:
Page 902 and 903:
of the thunderbolt 765 earlier, app
Page 904 and 905:
of the thunderbolt 767 or straighti
Page 906 and 907:
of the thunderbolt 769 {c. 700 B.C.
Page 908 and 909:
of the thunderbolt 771 early kylix
Page 910 and 911:
of the thunderbolt 773 springeth up
Page 912 and 913:
of the thunderbolt 775 Friend Flowe
Page 914 and 915:
of the thunderbolt 777 were soon tr
Page 916 and 917:
of the thunderbolt 779 And H. Usene
Page 918:
:^.'^-- f- - j-i' '
Page 921 and 922:
.782 Modifications in the shape ten
Page 923 and 924:
784 Modifications in the shape conq
Page 925 and 926:
786 The thunderbolt of Zeus (7) The
Page 927 and 928:
788 The thunderbolt of Zeus suscept
Page 929 and 930:
790 The thunderbolt of Zeus In 191
Page 931 and 932:
792 The thunderbolt of Zeus point a
Page 933 and 934:
794 The thunderbolt of Zeus version
Page 935 and 936:
796 The thunderbolt of Zeus Differe
Page 937 and 938:
798 The thunderbolt of Zeus Byzanti
Page 939 and 940:
8oo The thunderbolt of Zeus But nei
Page 941 and 942:
8o2 The thunderbolt of Zeus other p
Page 943 and 944:
8o4 The thunderbolt of Zeus wuBJurw
Page 945 and 946:
8o6 Zeus Keraunobolos^ Keraunios fo
Page 947 and 948:
8o8 Zeus Keraunobolos^ Keraunios ri
Page 949 and 950:
8io Zeus Keraunobolos^ Keraunios Wi
Page 951 and 952:
8 12 Zeus Keraunobolos^ Kerawiios t
Page 953 and 954:
8 14 Zeus Keraunobolos^ Keraunios a
Page 955 and 956:
8i6 Zeus Keraunobolos^ Keraiinios h
Page 957 and 958:
8i8 Zeus Zbelsourdos his name and n
Page 959 and 960:
820 Zeus Zbelsourdos shows the same
Page 961 and 962:
822 Zeus Zbelsourdos increase our k
Page 963 and 964:
824. The whip of Zeus This leaves t
Page 965 and 966:
826 The whip of Zeus forgotten by p
Page 967 and 968:
828 Thunder as a sound independent
Page 969:
830 Thunder as a sound (c) Thunder
Page 972 and 973:
caused bv the Chariot of Zeus 831 a
Page 974 and 975:
Zeus Bro7itatoSy Brontbn^ Brontesio
Page 976 and 977:
Zeus Brontaios^ Brontm^ Brojttesios
Page 978 and 979:
Zeus Brontaios^ Brontbn^ Brontesios
Page 980 and 981:
Zeus Brontatos^ Brontbn^ Brontesios
Page 982 and 983:
Retrospect 841 Further consideratio
Page 984 and 985:
Retrospect 843 over with oak-leaves
Page 986 and 987:
Retrospect 845 was seen falling fro
Page 988 and 989:
Retrospect 847 Further examples of
Page 990 and 991:
Hdrkios, ' God Retrospect 849 of Oa
Page 992 and 993:
Retrospect 851 emperors^ Coins of D
Page 995:
The main design on a krater from Ca
Page 998 and 999:
854 Retrospect On the left are Arte
Page 1000 and 1001:
856 Retrospect (Tol St) Tra
Page 1002 and 1003:
858 Retrospect iir aWore S' dWa (pe
Page 1010 and 1011:
tm ' ^- nr 2_ %^f ^HP^ JUL JUL a Xt
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Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

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