Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

The double axe and Zeus Labrdyndos 571
which had to be cleansed in water drawn from the river Kydnos*.
Whether trident and sword were Hellenic substitutes for a Hittite
double axe, we can hardly determine. On coins of Tarsos Sandas
carries a double axe, a sword, and a bow-case into the bargain-. In
Phrygia, however, it is clear that Apollon Tarseiis had a double
axe, and Phrygian coinage not infrequently arms Apollon with this
primitive weapon. At Eumeneia he stands erect with a raven in
his right hand and a double axe in his left (fig. 466)^ while a very
Fig. 466. Fig. 467. Fig. 468. Fig. 469.
similar type represents the local hero before a flaming altar with
the double axe in his left hand and a pliidle in his right (fig. 467)*.
The latter design, minus the altar, occurs also at Hierapolis (fig. 468)'.
In the course of the second and third centuries a.d. the emperor
appears to have taken the place of this Apolline hero, as may be
gathered from sundry Hierapolitan specimens, which show him
standing with a branch (.>*) or corn-ears and poppy (?) in one hand,
the double axe in the other (figs. 461, 469)''. Finally, at Laodikeia
* Plout. de def. or. 41 Trepi hk tov KijSvov Kal ttjs iepas tou 'AirdWwvos ev Tap(T(^ naxo-i-pOLi,
U3 (p[\€ ^ri/j.riTpie, trovX^yovTos fjKovofj.iv, ujs 6 Kv8voi dWov (KKadaipei aidrjpov
fKeivov oOre iJSwp dWo Tr}v fx6.xai.pav y) iii€ivo. I follow the text of W. R. Paton (Berolini
1893), who adopts the corrections of J. N. Madvig and A. Emperius for ws 6 k. fidWov
iKKaOalpei cylSrjpov {rbv aidijpov Ambr. Pal.) iKeivov codd. .
- Supra i. 599 f. figs. 462—464. When St Paul, a citizen of Tarsos, bade his converts
'Put on the whole armour of God' (Eph. 6. 11, cp. 6. 13) and take 'the sword of the
Spirit ' {id. 6. 17), was he thinking for a moment of the panoply worn by Sandas in his own
native place?
^ Brie. Mus. Cat. Coins Phrygia pp. Ixii, 217 pi. 27, 9 Nero, 218 nos. 47—49 Domitian,
Hunter Cat. Coins ii. 486 no. i Nero, Imhoof-Blumer A/onn. gr. p. 400 no. 104 Domitian,
id. Gr. Miinzen p. 211 f. no. 683 pi. 12, 21 Nero, id. Kleinas. Miinzen i. 230 nos. 6 and
7 pi. 7, 23 Domitian, Head Hist, num.- p. 674. I figure a specimen, from my collection,
struck by Nero : EVMENEHN lOVAIOI KA EHN APXIEPEVIAIIAS.
* Imhoof-Blumer Kleinas. Miinzen i. 229 no. 4 pi. 7, 22 ( = my fig. 467) time of
Alexander Severus (?).
^ Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Phrygia p. 245 pi. 31, 6 ( = my fig. 468), Imhoof-Blumer
Kleinas. Miinzen i. 239 no. 23.
® Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Phrygia p. 231 no. 23 pi. 29, 8 ( = my fig. 461), p. 235 no. 47
pi. 30, 4 ( = my fig. 469), Imhoof-Blumer Kleinas. Miinzen i. 237 no. 12.
The last two coins have as obv. type the head of Zeus Tpwtos, who appears—again with
an Apolline rev.—on a coin of Hierapolis referred to the Hadrianic age (Imhoof-Blumer
Gr. Miinzen p. 214 f. no. 693 pi. 12, 22, cp. Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Phrygia p. 233
pi. 30, i).