09.01.2013 Views

Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.

I or<br />

Gradual elim<strong>in</strong>ation of the thunderbolt 727<br />

Such was the <strong>ancient</strong> custom. At the feet of the God of Oaths is a bronze<br />

tablet, with elegiac verses <strong>in</strong>scribed on it, the <strong>in</strong>tention of which is to strike<br />

terror <strong>in</strong>to perjurers ^'<br />

In view of the epic parallel adduced by Pausanias and of the con-<br />

nexion between <strong>Zeus</strong> and the boar <strong>in</strong> Crete^ it may be <strong>in</strong>ferred<br />

that the cult of <strong>Zeus</strong> Hdrkios at Olympia goes back to ' M<strong>in</strong>oan<br />

or sub-' M<strong>in</strong>oan ' times, that the duplication of his thunderbolt was<br />

due to primitive <strong>in</strong>sistence on his power as a storm-god, and that<br />

any deeper ethical mean<strong>in</strong>g must be attributed to moralists of a<br />

later age I<br />

^ Paus. 5. 24. 9— II trans. Sir J. G. Frazer.<br />

- Supra i. 157, 645, 651, 652 fig. 505, 663 n. 2, 664 n. i.<br />

•* On<br />

<strong>Zeus</strong> <strong>in</strong> relation to oaths see further E. von Lasaulx Der Eid bei den Griechen<br />

Wiirzburg 1844 pp. 5 n. 13, 8ff., id. Der Eid bei den Romern Wurzburg 1844 p. 8ff.,<br />

E. Ziebarth De iureiitrando <strong>in</strong> iia-e Graeco qtiaesliones Gott<strong>in</strong>gae 1892 pp. 7, 17 ff., id. <strong>in</strong><br />

Pauly \^\s%ovf&. Real-Eiic. v. 2076 ff., L. 0\X Beiiriige zur Kennt7iis des griechischen Eides<br />

Leipzig 1896 p. 39 ff., G. Glotz <strong>in</strong> Daremberg -^2.^x0 Diet. Ant. iii. 748 ff., R. Hirzel<br />

Z)er £/(/ Leipzig 1902 pp. 121 ff., 145 n. 7, 147 n. i, 155 n. i and Index p. 225 .f.z/. '<strong>Zeus</strong>,'<br />

Schrader Keallex!^ p. 228 f.<br />

The forviulae used by the Greeks <strong>in</strong> the affirmations of everyday life are collected and<br />

exemplified by P. Me<strong>in</strong>hardt De forma et usu juj-amentorum, quae <strong>in</strong>veiiiuntur <strong>in</strong> conti-<br />

coru<strong>in</strong> Graecoruni et Platonis, Xenophontis, Luciani sermone ]&na.e 1892 pp. 17—23:<br />

972<br />

(i) The simple apostrophe c3 ZeO may be emphasised by duplication (Aristoph. Lys.<br />

CO ZeO ZeO (so R. F. P. Brunck for w ZeO w ZeO codd.), cp. Eur. Hipp. 1363 ZeO ZeO,<br />

Td5' bpis ;), or by the addition of an epithet hieratic (e.g. tl ZeO BaatXeO <strong>in</strong> Aristoph. nub.<br />

153, vesp. 625, av. 223, ran. 1278, Plout. 1095, cp. Loukian. Tiffi. 1 c5 ZeO i\t€ koX ^ivie<br />

Kai erat/oete Kal €

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!