Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

246
Dionysos displaced by Apollon
the other, Apollon had ivy-leaves\ flutes^ and pan-pipes^ Appel-
Bfunn—Bruckmann Denkvi. der gr. und rom. Sculpt, pi. 119, Overbeck Gr. FlasHk*
ii. 124 f., 138, Collignon Hist, de la Sculpt, gr. ii. f. 459 fig. 240). A red-figured
kratir from Campania, now at Petrograd, has a lyre-playing Dionysos grouped with two
Maenads and a Satyr (Stephani Vasensamml. St. Petersburg ii. 293 f. no. 1774). And an
Apulian kdntharos at Boston shows him seated beneath a grape-vine, thyrsos in hand ;
on the ground at his left is a lyre, at his right a pair of pipes (Robinson Cat. Vases Boston
p. 186 f. no. 515). Less conclusive is a red-figured kratir in the Cabinet des Medailles at
Paris (no. 4778), which shows an ivy-crowned Dionysos seated on a rock, playing a lyre,
with Maenads and Satyrs grouped about him (Reinach Vases Atit. p. 73 pi. 53
; but
Lenormant—de Witte £l. moii. cer. ii. 213 ff. pi. 71 interpret the scene as 'Apollon a
Nysa' cp. Diod. 3. 59, Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Apollon pp. 325, 330 no. 28). The
motif oi Dionysos with the lyre, which is not found in art before the beginning of s. v B.C.,
seems not to occur at all in literature ; for in Kallistr. 8. 4 eio-r^/cet 5e {sc. 6 Awvva-oi) Tr}v
\ipav eirepd5i>3v ry dvpcrai Jacobs, followed by K. Schenkl and E. Reisch, cj. \aidv and
Pierson cj. TrXevpav.
1 Aristoteles theologiimena { = Kxxiio'i. frag. 284 (Frag. hist. Gr. ii. 190 Midler)) ap.
Macrob. Sat. i. 18. 2 apud Lacedaemonios etiam in sacris quae Apollini celebrant (cele-
brabant B. G.), Hyacinthia vocantes, hedera coronantur Bacchico ritu. On this festival
see Nilsson Gr. Feste p. 129 ff., Farnell Cults of Gk. States iv. 125 ff., 264 ff., P. Stengel
in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. ix. i f., E. Bischoff z'i^. ix. 3f., S. Eitrem ib. ix. 7 ff. Mart.
Cap. 10 item eum [sc. Apollinem) in Helicona Delon Lyciamque sectantur. sed alibi
lauros primores (primos D.) arentesque ederas alibi cariantem (carientem D.) tripodem
crepidasque situ murcidas (marcidas D.) praesagiorumque interlitam memoriam reppere-
runt. H. mag. 2. 27 (Abel Orphica p. 288) 5eDpo, rdxos 5' eTri -^alixv, liqie, Kiaveoxo-'^Ta. (so
E. Abel for Kt