Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

3 30 lupiter and lanus in the Salian Hymn
nected with Seia, Fnictiseia, the goddess of sowing; cusia)ii's = cunanns (cp. Ctiriatius,
Qitirirtus),
(8) G. Hempl 'The Salian Hymn to Janus' in the Transactious and Proceedings of
the American Philological Association 1900 xxxi. 182— 188 would restore the lines with
(rt) stressed or {h) quantitative scansion :
(rt) coceulod oricso • •
omnia uOrod patula coeniis
es ianos cnsidtios
duonos ianos ueniet
ianos
• duonos ceros es [or es] •
• potissimos meliosom recom •
(/i) cojceulod I orie|so • omnia | uerod | patula |
es I
| cusijatios |
• duonos | ceros es •
du|onos iajnos ueni|et • poti|mos meli|6som |
coemis
recom
•
•
Here coceuldd=cucnld, orteso = oriere, coetnis=comis ('bring together, bring about, make,
tirrange '), cnsiatios = ciiria/ius. Hempl translates :
' Come forth with the cuckoo I Truly
all things dost thou make open. ( Thou art Janus Curiatius, the good creator art thou. |
Good Janus is coming, the chief of the superior rulers.'
{9) T. von Grienberger ' Die Fragmente saliarischer Verse bei Varro und Scaurus ' in
the Indogermanische Forschungen 1910 xxvii. 205 223 recognises two sentences :
CO zeulod ories oomina ueruad patulaco emisse ;
ian cerus i.in es, duonus cerus es, duonus ianusue et '.
pom-melios eum recum
= ciini diliiciilo oriens exta apud portain pattilain accipe! \
lane
creator, lane es ; bonus
creator es, bonus lanusve, et miilto melior (optimus) illorum regum ! Thus *zetilom is for
'diiu-lo-tn, a derivative of *di[cM- ('sky, sky-god, day'); ueruad patulaco is for ucroad
*piitiilad-cb, substantive (Italic masc. titfro-, ' door ') and adjective in ablative case governed
by the postposition -co (' at, by') ; imisse is the second person singular of the imperative of
''hnissere (a frequentative or intensive form oi hni^re\n its older sense ' to take') governing
oomina the accusative plural of omen (not for osmen, 'omen,' but a by-form of omentum,
' entrails') ; pom-melios is for *p6t-melios from *pSte-melios (' much better ').
To these nine reconstructions I am tempted to add a tenth. For convenience' sake I
print the traditional text side by side with my reading of it
cozeulodorieso. io, Zeu Loidorie, io.
omnia vero adpatula coemisse. omnia vera da patula, Camise.
ian cusianes duonus ceruses. lanus Ian es ; duonus Cerus es,
dunus lanus duonus lanus,
ue uel pom melios eum recum. vel veterum promerios recum.
|
foremost, |
' Ho, Festal lupiter, ho !
| Fling wide all the doors, god of the Archway.
Ian ; thou art the good Creator, lanus, |
Thou
art lanus
an thou wilt, of ancient kings.'
To justify text and translation I
good
would urge the following points. W. M. Lindsay The
Latin Language Oxford 1894 p. 5 suggested O zcu = w ZeO : the Grecism Zeu was
perhaps due to the Greek appearance of Loidorie. Walde Lat. etym. Worterb? p. 444 connects
loidos, the archaic form of Indus, with \olSopoi, \oi8opfiv, as do Prellwitz Etym.
IViirtcrb. d. Gr. Spr."^ p. 273 and Boisacq Did. t'tym. de la Langue Gr. p. 586: hence
Loidorie = ' god of the Ludi.' T. von Grienberger (supra (9)) pointed out that vl'ro- is the
Italic word for 'door.' Kamise was the sister and wife of Ianos, when he first came to
Italy (Drakon of Kerkyra irtpl \ldwv (Frag. hist. Gr. iv. 402 f. Midler) ap. Athen.
1)— K : cp. Dcmophilos (Frag. hist. Gr. ii. 86 Miiller) ap. Lyd. de mens. 4. 2 p. 66, 7 ff.
692
Wiinsch Kanaayjv-ijv , interp. Serv. in Verg. Aen. 8. 330 Camasenae (v.l. Camesenae)). Or,
Cameses and lanus were two indigenous rulers, who divided Italy between them
(I'rotarchos of Tralleis (Frag. hist. Gr. iv. 485 Miiller) followed by Ilyg. frag. 6 Peter ap.
Macrob. Sat. i. 7. 19 cum Camese (Camase cod. G. camasene (' alterum e ex corr.')
cod. A.)). Both versions are best explained by the assumption that lanus himself had an
old cult-title Cameses or Camises meaning ' god of the .Archway ' (cp. camera, caminus, and
the group of words, including the German Himmel, discussed by Prellwitz op. cit.^ p. 206,
Walde op. cit."^ p. 120, Boisacq op. cit. p. 401 f.). Fest. p. 205 a 19 ff. Miiller, p. 222,
30 (T. Lindsay promeriom (promeriom cod. VV., promerion cod. Y., promorion cod. X.