Zeus : a study in ancient religion - Warburg Institute

340
Zan an older Zeus
lanus, therefore, can be legitimately connected with dms (for diinos),
a word familiar to us in the phrase sub dio^, ' under the open skyl'
(i) Zan an older Zeus.
In short, I conceive that lanus and lupiter were the sky-gods
worshipped by two successive strata in the population of Italy,
lanus, it would appear, belonged to the older stock ^—which, for want
passage. The reference should be corrected to the Acta Sanctorum edd. Bolland. August!
vi. 79 {^Vita 2. 2. 15) Quodam aho tempore, dum dioceses visitaret, & ad castelkim quod
Luco [le Luc, castrum dioecesis Forujuliensis ad Carauniam fluviolum, imjuit Mabi/lontics]
dicitur, venimus ; erat ibi matrona quEedam Eucheria {al. Euthyria) nomine, quae ancillam
suam offerens ante pedes ejus prostravit : pro qua ut Domino supplicaret, lacrymabiliter
exorabat. Ille autem causam perscrutans, ut erat Vir Deo plenus, & in omnibus per-
scrutantissimus, quid infirmitatis haberet, interrogavit. Dixerunt : Dsemonium,
quod
rustici Dianam appellant : qu?e sic affligitur, ut paene omnibus noctibus assidue casdatur,
& ssepe etiam in ecclesiam ducitur inter duos viros ut maneat: & sic flagris diabolicis
occulte fatigatur, ut vox continua ipsius audiatur; & eis, qui sibi adhserent, respondere
penitus non possit. Etc. The Bollandists had the story from J. Mabillon Acta Sanctorum
ordinis s. Benedict^ Venetiis 1733 Saec. i Append, pp. 659—677. But Mabillon op. cit.
Lutetise Parisiorum 1668 i. 673 {Vita 2. 14) reads 'Dianam.'
1 On sub dio, sub dlu, sub divo see F. Solmsen Studien zur lateinischen Lauigeschichte
Strassburg 1894 p. 113 f., who concludes that the original form sub did (from dium)
became sub dlu under the influence of dtu (' by day ') and sub divo under that of ctivos
(just as subdialis passed into subdlvalis).
- Walde Lat. etym. W'drterb? p. 374 advocates a very different derivation: 'Janus
" altitalischer Gott des Sonnenlaufs."... Janus ist trotz Dianus C. J. L. v, 783 die
ursprgl. Form (s. Stolz HG. i, 305), wahrendyawa "Mondgottin" allerdings nur vulgare
Entstellung aus Diana ist (Wissowa Kcl. 198 a 6). Janus (0- und «