wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

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9-14 Industrial Communication Systems [RFGA06] RFidGazzete Tag shapes, retrieved June 14, 2006, from http://www.rfidgazette.org/2005/10/ tag_shapes.html [RFID06] RFID Journal, 2006a, retrieved June 14, 2006, from http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/ articleview/208#Anchor-scanners-5989 [SA05] Proven Security for the Supply Chain and Anti-Counterfeiting Prevention, available online at http://www.certicom.com/index.php/rfid, accessed on Friday, January 9, 2009. [STF05] T. Staake, F. Thiesse, and E. Fleisch, Extending the EPC network: The potential of RFID in anticounterfeiting, in A. Omicini, H. Haddad, L.M. Liebrock, and R.L. Wainwright (Eds.), ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, SAC 2005, ACM Press, New York, March 13–17, 2005, pp. 1607–1612. [SWEE05] P.J. Sweeney, RFID for Dummies. Symbol Technologies, Business Benefits from Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Wiley Publishing Inc., Indianapolis, IN, 2004, retrieved June 14, 2006, from http://www.symbol.com/products/rfid/rfid.html [TECS05] Tecstra RFID, retrieved September 1, 2005, from http://glossary.ippaper.com/ [VCC07] R.E. Dugan, T.E. McVeigh, J. Kotowicz, and L. Carin. Visitor control and tracking system, USPTO Application #: 20070109134, available online at http://www.freshpatents.com/Visitor-control-andtracking-system-dt20070517ptan20070109134.php, accessed on Friday, January 9, 2009. [VI07] GAO RFID Inc., RFID Automated Parking Control Systems, available online at http://parking. gaorfid.com/, accessed on Friday, January 9, 2009. [ZHA06] Y.Z. Zhao and O.P. Gan, Distributed design of RFID network for large-scale RFID deployment, in Proceedings of the Fourth International IEEE Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN 2006), Singapore, August 16–18, 2006. © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
10 Ultralow-Power Wireless Communication Joern Ploennigs Dresden University of Technology Volodymyr Vasyutynskyy Dresden University of Technology Klaus Kabitzsch Dresden University of Technology 10.1 Introduction..................................................................................... 10-1 10.2 Hardware Approaches.................................................................... 10-2 Overview. •. Energy Harvesting 10.3 Communication Protocol Approaches........................................10-4 10.4 Application Layer Approaches......................................................10-6 10.5 Conclusion and Open Topics.........................................................10-8 References....................................................................................................10-9 10.1 Introduction Wireless networks permit quick and easy installation, but depend on independent energy sources such as batteries or on energy harvesting. Energy efficiency is therefore a common requirement. Nevertheless, in some application domains, the solutions available in the market are too energy hungry as they are designed for general purpose appliances. Especially when wireless devices have to run independently for a long time and a high miniaturization allows only small batteries or energy-harvesting modules, ultralow-power wireless devices are needed. An example is the structural health monitoring of new composite materials for airplanes. Composite materials are strong, light, and can significantly reduce the fuel consumption of the planes, but tiny cracks in the fabric reduce the integrity of the materials. These cracks can be detected by acoustic structural health monitoring [FFH05]. The necessary sensors are ingrained within the composite material and need to communicate wirelessly to avoid the weight of wires and the structural impact of cable ducts. The wireless sensors have to survive on their own energy sources for the lifetime of the plane of 10–20 years and provide a reliable structural health monitoring. This requires specialized ultralow-power, energy-autonomous wireless sensor networks that are investigated as part of the German cutting-edge research cluster CoolSilicon. Other scenarios for ultralow-power communication are, for example, wireless switches that harvest energy from a single press on a switch by a human. Node and network need to be optimized to exploit the short period of time the node has energy for communication. Rain sensors in windshields of modern cars are another example for which industry requests miniaturized wireless sensors for easy assembling. Ultralow-Power Wireless Communication requires a harmonized design of the nodes from hardware to application software covering the topics shown in Figure 10.1. The present chapter follows this outline and discusses the state of the art in research to develop a guideline to design ultralow-power wireless communication systems. The next section focuses on the hardware approaches with an emphasis on energy harvesting for a long-lasting energy supply. Then, communication protocols and topologies are 10-1 © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
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The Industrial Electronics Handbook
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The Electrical Engineering Handbook
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CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 60
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viii Contents 11 Industrial Strengt
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x Contents 46 Profisafe............
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Preface The field of industrial ele
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xvi Preambles Thilo Sauter Institut
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xviii Preambles are the same. Commu
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xx Preambles In order to cater to h
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xxii Preambles In this manner, it i
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Editorial Board Dietmar Bruckner Vi
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xxviii Editors J. David Irwin recei
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Contributors Teresa Albero-Albero E
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Contributors xxxiii Georg Gaderer I
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Contributors xxxv Peter Neumann Ins
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Contributors xxxvii Thomas Tamandl
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I Technical Principles 1 ISO/OSI Mo
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Technical Principles I-3 18 Clock S
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1-2 Industrial Communication System
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2 Media Herbert Schweinzer Vienna U
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6 Industrial Wireless Sensor Networ
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16 Industrial Agent Technology Alek
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18 Clock Synchronization in Distrib
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20 Network-Based Control Josep M. F
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21 Functional Safety Thomas Novak S
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Functional Safety 21-5 safety engin
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22 Security in Industrial Communica
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23 Secure Communication Using Chaos
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24 Embedded Networks in Civilian Ai
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25 Process Automation Alois Zoitl V
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26 Building and Home Automation Wol
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27 Industrial Multimedia Javier Sil
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Industrial Multimedia 27-3 Multimed
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Industrial Multimedia 27-5 FIGURE 2
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28 Industrial Wireless Communicatio
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29 Protocols in Power Generation Tu
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III Technologies 31 Controller Area
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31 Controller Area Network Joaquim
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32 Profibus Max Felser Bern Univers
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33 INTERBUS Juergen Jasperneite Ost
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34 WorldFip Francisco Vasques Unive
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35 Foundation Fieldbus Carlos Eduar
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36 Modbus Mário de Sousa Universit
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37 Industrial Ethernet Gaëlle Mars
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40 PROFINET Max Felser Bern Univers
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45 LIN-Bus Andreas Grzemba Universi
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47 SafetyLon Thomas Novak SWARCO Fu
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48 Wireless Local Area Networks Hen
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50 ZigBee Stefan Mahlknecht Vienna
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52 WiMAX in Industry Milos Manic Un
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53 WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OC
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FIGURE 55.1 CPU IN-Log IN-Num OUT-l
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START FIGURE 55.3 COLD WARM STOP E_
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FIGURE 55.9 Different addresses of
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60 User Datagram Protocol—UDP Ale
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61 Transmission Control Protocol—
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65 Semantic Web Services for Manufa
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V Outlook 67 Trends and Challenges
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