wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

28
Industrial Wireless
Communications
Security (IWCS)/C42
Milos Manic
University of Idaho
Idaho Falls
Kurt Derr
Idaho National Laboratory
28.1 Introduction.....................................................................................28-1
28.2 Wireless LAN Security...................................................................28-2
Security Issues/Attacks on WiFi. •. Security Mechanisms. •. .
Deployment Issues
28.3 PAN Security....................................................................................28-6
28.4 Summary..........................................................................................28-8
References....................................................................................................28-8
28.1 Introduction
The use of wireless communications in industrial environments poses a different set of challenges than
deployment in home and enterprise environments. Significant amounts of electrical noise such as variable
frequency drives, competing radio systems, radar and microwave sources, and welders are produced
in industrial environments. Signal attenuation and reflects are always present [1].
The placement of wireless access points (APs), or radio nodes, and adjustment of transmitter power
to match receiver sensitivities is more crucial in industrial settings where the reliability of the overall
system can affect plant safety and security as well as operational cost. Data latency, the time delay experienced
when data is sent from one point to another, as well as possible data corruption can affect system
performance.
Security is a significant obstacle to wider deployment of wireless technology in enterprise and
industrial environments. The security issues and protocols as well as deployment guidelines are presented
for wireless local area networks, personal area networks, and mesh networks that may concern
industrial users.
The relationship between various wireless networks in terms of range versus data rate (number of bits
processed per unit of time) is shown in Figure 28.1. Those are wireless personal area network (WPAN),
wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), and wireless wide
area network (WWAN). WWAN typically assume protocols such as IEEE 802.22 or wireless regional area
network, while WMAN include IEEE 802.20, or mobile broadband wireless access (MBWA). These wireless
networks are in detail specified by IEEE standard specifications [2,3]. The most ubiquitous networks
belong to WPAN technologies. These are (lowest to highest data rate) ZigBee, Bluetooth, and 802.15.3
(high data rate WPAN). This chapter presents network security issues and solutions of WLAN, WPAN,
and mesh networks, in the order which is representative of their market size and their longevity in the
marketplace.
28-1
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC