wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

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41-8 Industrial Communication Systems files (XIF) define the logical interface of the node that means the function blocks and their network variables and configuration properties. These interface files are used later by system integration tools for configuration and network variable binding. Since the Neuron Chip does not support interrupts, the events and conditions of the tasks have to be checked periodically by a scheduler. The sequence of checks depends on the priority of the tasks. In each scheduler loop, all priority tasks are checked first. If none of these has to be processed, one of the non-priority tasks will be checked and processed if necessary. The other remaining non-priority tasks are checked at the end of the next loops, one in each loop. The scheduler jumps to the head of the non-priority task list again, when the tail is reached. 41.5 Function Block-Based Design and System Integration The function block-based design and the system integration shall be explained with the example of a single-room sunblind control, which should realize an antiglare functionality. Such a room control typically consists of the following functions: • Antiglare control The antiglare function controls the position of the sunblind and the angle of the sunblind’s lamellas to prevent the glaring of persons, which are present in the room. A measurement of the current glare is the luminance level in the room. As soon as the luminance exceeds a certain threshold, the sunblinds will move down. If there is nobody in the room, the antiglare function will be switched off. • Sunblind actuator The sunblind actuator drives the motor of the sunblind. It receives the actuating values from the antiglare control function. • Luminance sensor The luminance sensor measures the current luminance level in the room in lux. • Occupancy sensor The occupancy sensor detects whether a person is within the room or not. Based on this information, it activates or deactivates the antiglare controller. • Manual control The position of the sunblind can be set manually using a sunblind switch, which overrides the antiglare control. Additionally, the building management system can override the position, for example, in the night or in case of fire. As defined above, network variables are basic communication objects to exchange values over the network. To separate specific automation functions and their related network variables within a node, the application of a node is subdivided into functional blocks [11]. Figure 41.4 shows the functional block of the sunblind controller, which realizes the antiglare functionality and, bound to this, the other needed functional blocks. These are the sunblind switch for the manual control, the light sensor for measuring the luminance, the occupancy sensor for the presence detection, and the sunblind actuator, which drives the sunblind. Functional blocks define an interface, which consists of input (nvi…) and output (nvo…) network variables and configuration properties. Configuration properties can be implemented as configuration network variables or as properties in configuration files. Configuration network variables (nci…) can be altered by other LonWorks devices using standard network variable propagation, but their size and count is limited. Properties in configuration files have no such limitations, but they can only be set by network tools. Bindings are not restricted to one-to-one interconnections. They are allowed to be of kind one-to-n and n-to-one, too. One-to-n bindings are used if more than one input variable needs the value of one output variable. N-to-one bindings, however, can be problematical since the input variable receives values from different outputs, which can overwrite each other concurrently. To ensure the interoperability among the LonWorks nodes, especially if they are from different manufacturers, their functions and their communication interfaces have to be standardized. Therefore, the © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
FIGURE 41.4 Sunblind switch Light sensor Occupancy sensor nvoSblndSwitch SNVT_setting nvoLuxLevel SNVT_lux nvoOccupancy SNVT_occupancy Functional blocks implementing antiglare control. nviLocalControl SNVT_setting nviScene SNVT_scene nviSblndSettingFb SNVT_setting nviWindspeed SNVT_speed nviSunLux SNVT_lux nviOccSensor SNVT_occupancy Sunblind controller nvoSblndSetting SNVT_setting nvoCmdCause SNVT_scene nviSetpointPos SNVT_setting Sunblind actuator nvoSetpointFb SNVT_setting LonWorks 41-9 © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
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The Industrial Electronics Handbook
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The Electrical Engineering Handbook
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CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 60
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viii Contents 11 Industrial Strengt
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x Contents 46 Profisafe............
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Preface The field of industrial ele
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xvi Preambles Thilo Sauter Institut
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xviii Preambles are the same. Commu
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xx Preambles In order to cater to h
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xxii Preambles In this manner, it i
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Editorial Board Dietmar Bruckner Vi
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xxviii Editors J. David Irwin recei
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Contributors Teresa Albero-Albero E
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Contributors xxxiii Georg Gaderer I
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Contributors xxxv Peter Neumann Ins
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Contributors xxxvii Thomas Tamandl
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I Technical Principles 1 ISO/OSI Mo
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Technical Principles I-3 18 Clock S
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1-2 Industrial Communication System
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2 Media Herbert Schweinzer Vienna U
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Media 2-3 TABLE 2.1 Overview over S
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Media 2-5 Single ended Differential
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Media 2-7 2.2.6 Standards Numerous
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Media 2-9 2.3.3 transmitters and Re
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Media 2-11 uses light backscatterin
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Media 2-13 G 1 Maximum intensity Av
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Media 2-15 As an example, the three
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Media 2-17 TABLE 2.3 Overview of Di
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4 Routing in Wireless Networks Tere
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Routing in Wireless Networks 4-9 in
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5 Profiles and Interoperability Ger
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6 Industrial Wireless Sensor Networ
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Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
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16 Industrial Agent Technology Alek
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Industrial Agent Technology 16-3 (A
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18 Clock Synchronization in Distrib
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Clock Synchronization in Distribute
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20 Network-Based Control Josep M. F
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Network-Based Control 20-3 Thus, th
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Network-Based Control 20-5 message
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Network-Based Control 20-7 20.5.1 D
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21 Functional Safety Thomas Novak S
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Functional Safety 21-3 IEC 61508:20
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Functional Safety 21-5 safety engin
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Functional Safety 21-7 Hazard: tota
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Functional Safety 21-11 TABLE 21.6
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TABLE 21.8 Measures Hazard Network-
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22 Security in Industrial Communica
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23 Secure Communication Using Chaos
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24 Embedded Networks in Civilian Ai
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25 Process Automation Alois Zoitl V
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Process Automation 25-3 during star
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Process Automation 25-5 • An equi
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Process Automation 25-7 Recipe mana
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Process Automation 25-9 challenging
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26 Building and Home Automation Wol
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27 Industrial Multimedia Javier Sil
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Industrial Multimedia 27-3 Multimed
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Industrial Multimedia 27-5 FIGURE 2
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Industrial Multimedia 27-7 which wo
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Industrial Multimedia 27-9 is neces
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Industrial Multimedia 27-11 with pr
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Industrial Multimedia 27-13 [WIF01]
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28 Industrial Wireless Communicatio
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Industrial Wireless Communications
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29 Protocols in Power Generation Tu
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30 Communications in Medical Applic
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III Technologies 31 Controller Area
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Technologies III-3 53 WirelessHART,
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31 Controller Area Network Joaquim
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32 Profibus Max Felser Bern Univers
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Profibus 32-3 TABLE 32.3 Transmissi
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Profibus 32-5 32.3 Fieldbus Data Li
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Profibus 32-7 in Figure 32.3. He si
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Profibus 32-13 [IEC84-3] IEC 61784-
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33 INTERBUS Juergen Jasperneite Ost
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INTERBUS 33-3 One total frame Loopb
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INTERBUS 33-5 interface shutdown. T
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34 WorldFip Francisco Vasques Unive
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35 Foundation Fieldbus Carlos Eduar
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-7 35.9 Insta
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36 Modbus Mário de Sousa Universit
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Modbus 36-15 Modbus TCP frame MBAP
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37 Industrial Ethernet Gaëlle Mars
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Industrial Ethernet 37-3 37.2.2 Wha
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47 SafetyLon Thomas Novak SWARCO Fu
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48 Wireless Local Area Networks Hen
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50 ZigBee Stefan Mahlknecht Vienna
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51 6LoWPAN: IP for Wireless Sensor
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52 WiMAX in Industry Milos Manic Un
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53 WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OC
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TABLE 54.1 Characteristics of Some
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FIGURE 55.1 CPU IN-Log IN-Num OUT-l
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START FIGURE 55.3 COLD WARM STOP E_
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START RUNSTOP COLD INIT INITO WARM
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FIGURE 55.9 Different addresses of
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EtherNet FIGURE 55.11 Device: LED1
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60 User Datagram Protocol—UDP Ale
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User Datagram Protocol—UDP 60-5 F
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User Datagram Protocol—UDP 60-7 F
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61 Transmission Control Protocol—
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Transmission Control Protocol—TCP
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65 Semantic Web Services for Manufa
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V Outlook 67 Trends and Challenges
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68 Processing Data in Complex Commu
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