wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

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ZigBee 50-3 Wireless communication landscape WPAN WLAN – – IEEE 802.15.1: Bluetooth – ZigBee Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 OCARI IEEE 802.15.4 – WirelessHART ISA100.11a 802.11a 802.11b WiFi – 802.11g 802.11n DECT HiperLAN WMAN – WirelessMAN IEEE 802.16 – Fixe (IEEE 802.16-2004) WiMAX – Mobile (IEEE 802.16e) WiBro (Wireless Broadband: Korean standard) WWAN – Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) (IEEE 802.20) Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRAN) (IEEE 802.22) TETRA GSM Cellular Networks – GPRS EDGE 3G FIGURE 50.2 Wireless technology landscape. Table 50.1 A Comparison of LR-WPAN with Other Wireless Technologies WLAN (802.11) Bluetooth-Based WPAN (802.15.1) Low-Rate WPAN (802.15.4) Range ∼100.m ∼10–100.m ∼10.m Data throughput ∼2–11.Mbs ∼1.Mbs ∼0.25.Mbs Power consumption Medium Low Ultralow Size Larger Smaller Smallest Cost/complexity >6 1 0.2 50.5 IEEE 802.15.4 The goal of the IEEE 802.15.4 task group is to define the PHY and MAC layers specifications for lowcost, low data rate and hence, low-complexity wireless connectivity of mobile or stationary devices with limited battery capability. The relationship between IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee is that ZigBee makes use of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for the lower two OSI layers (PHY and MAC layers) and specifies the upper layers as well as being the name for the whole technology from a marketing perspective where ZigBee stands for the full technological solution based upon IEEE 802.15.4. The key features of IEEE 802.15.4 are • 2.4.GHz and 868/915.MHz frequency band options • Support for star and peer-to-peer topologies; therefore, supports a wide variety of routing protocols and topologies © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
50-4 Industrial Communication Systems Application framework Application (APL) layer ZigBee Security service provider (End manufacturer defined) Application object 240 Endpoint 240 APSDE-SAP APS security management NLDE-SAP Security management . . . Message broker (End manufacturer defined) Application object 1 Endpoint 1 APSDE-SAP Application support sublayer (APS) APS message broker Network (NWK) layer ZDO public interfaces Routing management Zigbee device object (ZDO) Endpoint 0 APSDE-SAP Reflector management NLME-SAP Network management APSME- SAP NLME- SAP ZDO Management plane MLDE-SAP MLME-SAP IEEE 802.15.4 PD-SAP Medium access control (MAC) layer PLME-SAP 2.4 GHz radio Physical (PHY) layer 868/915 MHz radio FIGURE 50.3 ZigBee stack. • Contention-based channel access, CSMA/CA • Message transmission can be fully acknowledged • Beacon from 15.ms up to 4.min, allowing very low duty cycles. • Optional guaranteed time slots (GTSs) can be reserved • 16 bit address field or extended 64 bit addresses • Link quality indication byte is attached to each receiver 50.5.1 Physical Layer There are two groups of frequency bands specified: 2.45.GHz and 868/915.MHz. The popularity of 2.45.GHz is very high compared to the 868/915.MHz solutions that require different hardware and cannot just be switched by software (Figure 50.4). Channel 0 Channels 1–10 915 MHz 2 MHz 868.3 MHz 902 MHz 928 MHz Kanal 11–26 5 MHz 2.4 GHz 2.45 GHz 2.4835 GHz FIGURE 50.4 Frequency spectrum. © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
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The Industrial Electronics Handbook
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The Electrical Engineering Handbook
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CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 60
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viii Contents 11 Industrial Strengt
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x Contents 46 Profisafe............
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Preface The field of industrial ele
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xvi Preambles Thilo Sauter Institut
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xviii Preambles are the same. Commu
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xx Preambles In order to cater to h
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xxii Preambles In this manner, it i
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Editorial Board Dietmar Bruckner Vi
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xxviii Editors J. David Irwin recei
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Contributors Teresa Albero-Albero E
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Contributors xxxiii Georg Gaderer I
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Contributors xxxv Peter Neumann Ins
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Contributors xxxvii Thomas Tamandl
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I Technical Principles 1 ISO/OSI Mo
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Technical Principles I-3 18 Clock S
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1-2 Industrial Communication System
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2 Media Herbert Schweinzer Vienna U
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Media 2-3 TABLE 2.1 Overview over S
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Media 2-5 Single ended Differential
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Media 2-7 2.2.6 Standards Numerous
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Media 2-9 2.3.3 transmitters and Re
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Media 2-11 uses light backscatterin
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4 Routing in Wireless Networks Tere
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6 Industrial Wireless Sensor Networ
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16 Industrial Agent Technology Alek
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18 Clock Synchronization in Distrib
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20 Network-Based Control Josep M. F
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21 Functional Safety Thomas Novak S
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Functional Safety 21-3 IEC 61508:20
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Functional Safety 21-5 safety engin
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22 Security in Industrial Communica
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24 Embedded Networks in Civilian Ai
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25 Process Automation Alois Zoitl V
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27 Industrial Multimedia Javier Sil
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Industrial Multimedia 27-3 Multimed
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Industrial Multimedia 27-5 FIGURE 2
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Industrial Multimedia 27-7 which wo
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28 Industrial Wireless Communicatio
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Industrial Wireless Communications
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29 Protocols in Power Generation Tu
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III Technologies 31 Controller Area
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31 Controller Area Network Joaquim
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32 Profibus Max Felser Bern Univers
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33 INTERBUS Juergen Jasperneite Ost
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34 WorldFip Francisco Vasques Unive
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35 Foundation Fieldbus Carlos Eduar
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36 Modbus Mário de Sousa Universit
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37 Industrial Ethernet Gaëlle Mars
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40 PROFINET Max Felser Bern Univers
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45 LIN-Bus Andreas Grzemba Universi
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Page 690 and 691: 50 ZigBee Stefan Mahlknecht Vienna
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TABLE 54.1 Characteristics of Some
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FIGURE 55.1 CPU IN-Log IN-Num OUT-l
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START FIGURE 55.3 COLD WARM STOP E_
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START RUNSTOP COLD INIT INITO WARM
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FIGURE 55.9 Different addresses of
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EtherNet FIGURE 55.11 Device: LED1
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60 User Datagram Protocol—UDP Ale
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61 Transmission Control Protocol—
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Transmission Control Protocol—TCP
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65 Semantic Web Services for Manufa
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V Outlook 67 Trends and Challenges
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68 Processing Data in Complex Commu
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