wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

4
Routing in Wireless
Networks
Teresa
Albero-Albero
Universidad Politécnica
de Valencia
Víctor-M.
Sempere-Payá
Universidad Politécnica
de Valencia
4.1 Introduction....................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Routing Protocols and Classification.............................................4-4
4.3 Routing Protocol Families for Ad Hoc Networks........................ 4-5
Proactive Routing Protocols. •. Reactive Routing Protocols
4.4 Routing Protocol Families for Wireless Sensor Networks..........4-6
Flat Routing Protocols. •. Hierarchical Routing Protocols. •. .
Location-Based Routing Protocols
4.5 Summary of the Main Routing Protocols in Wireless
Networks............................................................................................. 4-7
Optimized Link-State Routing Protocol. •. Topology Dissemination
Based on Reverse Path Forwarding. •. Dynamic Source Routing
Protocol. •. Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector
Routing Protocol. •. Dynamic MANET On-Demand Routing
Protocol. •. Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation. •. Low
Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy. •. Geographic Adaptive
Fidelity
4.6 Conclusions...................................................................................... 4-13
Acknowledgment........................................................................................ 4-14
Abbreviations............................................................................................... 4-14
References.................................................................................................... 4-14
4.1 Introduction
Wireless networks allow communication between devices over a wireless medium using electromagnetic
waves. They offer flexibility and speed when setting up the network, need less maintenance than cabled networks,
and allow mobility. There are different ways of classifying these networks, the most common of which
is based on their purpose and radio range. Depending on these aspects, wireless networks can be separated
into four groups: wireless personal area networks (WPAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless
metropolitan area networks (WMAN), and wireless wide area networks (WWAN), see Figure 4.1.
• Wireless personal area networks interconnect devices in a small area. The standard used is IEEE
802.15.1 based on the Bluetooth specifications. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard [WMAC03], approved
in 2004 and promoted by the ZigBee Alliance, has been developed to enable applications with
relaxed bandwidth and delay requirements, where the emphasis is device battery lifetime maximization.
These applications will be run on platforms such as sensors.
• Wireless local area networks are technologies based on High Performance Radio LAN (HiperLAN),
a group of the standard group European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), and
Wi-Fi standardized under IEEE 802.11 series.
4-1
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC