wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

45-2 Industrial Communication Systems
Diagnostic CAN/K-line
500 kbps (ODB)
Dashboard CAN
500 kbps
Infotainment
Body CAN 500 kbps
Air
condition
(LIN master)
M
M
Powertrain CAN
500 kbps
Central gateway
HMI
MOST
25 Mbps
Receiver
Navigation
Phone
Mobile phone
Bluetooth
3 Mbps
LIN
19.2 kbps
FlexRay
10 Mbps
FIGURE 45.1
Automotive communication architecture with a central gateway.
Figure 45.1 shows an example of an automotive communication architecture with a central gateway.
Here, LIN controls the damper motors of the air-conditioning system. The LIN specification denotes
a LIN subbus as a LIN cluster.
45.2 LIN History and Versions
In the summer of 1999, the first version [LIN1.0] of the LIN specification package was published.
It contained specification information to describe a full network including the parts protocol, the
physical layer, and the application program interface. It also specified the configuration language
description (CLD) with which a LIN cluster can be described in a LIN description file (LDF). This
specification package enforced a development workflow to allow the efficient development of a LIN
cluster, where all the communication parameters of a LIN cluster are defined in the LDF, which is also
machine readable.
The LIN Consortium was constituted in March 2000 at the SAE congress in Detroit. Version 1.1 of
the LIN specification was released in April 2000, followed by version 1.2 in November. Both versions
contained only editorial modifications. The next important step was the release of the version 1.3
[LIN1.3] in November 2002, which made LIN more versatile. Version 2.0 [LIN2.0] realized a comprehensive
expansion of the LIN standard, although it retained backward compatibility with previous
versions. One of the main innovations of LIN2.0 was the introduction of the so-called off-the-shelf
slave nodes. LIN slave nodes can be simply integrated into a new cluster without any modifications
to the slave nodes. To allow this concept to be supported by appropriate network defining tools,
LIN2.0 specifies the slave node configuration, which allows the assignment of a node address (NAD)
and frame identifiers. It also defines the syntax of the node capability file (NCF), which contains all
parameters of the off-the-shelf slave nodes, using the node capability language description (NCLD).
These features allow plug-and-play functionality to be used in a LIN cluster. Figure 45.2 illustrates
the interaction.
The latest LIN version 2.1 [LIN2.1] was released in November 2006. Mainly, the document has a better
structure and mostly contains clarifications on the functionality. But there are also some specific
modifications, including diagnostic and configuration classes for the slave nodes.
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC