wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

29-2 Industrial Communication Systems
e-monitoring
center
Economic
dispatch
center
Grid
dispatching
center
Interface to the grid
Fuel supplier
O&M—asset management system
Protection and
control
combustion
turbine
Protection and
control steam
turbine
Combined cycle power plant DCS
Main
SCADA
Control system — balance of plant
Sensors and actuators
Data
historian
Operating center
Environmental
processing system
(demineralization...)
Gas pipeline
control system
Burner
management
system
FIGURE 29.1
Example of combined cycle power plant information system.
29.2 Power Plant Automation Systems
and Intra-Plant Communications
Power plant automation systems architecture is structured by functional layers as shown below (Figure 29.2):
For example, level 0 deals with instrumentation such as sensors and actuators. Level 1 gathers control
and protection functions that are typically implemented in programmable logic controller (PLC). This
layer concerns simple and fast control logics. Level 2 gathers more complex supervisory logics including
human system interface (HSI). Levels 3 and 4 deal with computer-aided scheduling of generation,
maintenance, and refueling if relevant.
These layers may slightly differ from one power generation technology to another, depending on the
integration scale of automation systems. In distributed generation such as wind turbine, micro-turbine,
fuel cell, and small hydropower plant (up to hundreds of kilowatt), the integration scale is relatively
high to reduce the automation cost. Centralized generation and traditional power plant, such as nuclear
power plant, are complex processes so that they require many automation systems that are distributed
Out of process
planning
(Level 4)
In-process planning
(Level 3)
Supervision — HSI
(Level 2)
Control — protection
(Level 1)
Instrumentation
(Level 0)
FIGURE 29.2
Functional layers in power plant automation systems architecture.
© 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC