wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

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46-12 Industrial Communication Systems 3 2 Main rack Subrack L1 L2 L3 N PE “Emergency stop” Power supply + 24 V – 1 Remote IO “Emergency stop” FC (Safety) Equipotential bonding Shielding Central earth ground 1 2 3 Motor protection circuit breaker, lockable Main circuit breaker, lockable Main isolator (with fuses), lockable M FIGURE 46.18 Emergency switching off concept. new safety feature “SOS” (Safe Operating Stop) holds the motor under closed loop control in a certain position. This new possibility requires a paradigm shift for the user. In earlier times, pushing an emergency stop button caused the power lines to be physically disconnected from the motor and, therefore, there was no electrical danger for a person exchanging the motor. The new IEC 60204-1 [14] provides concepts on how to protect against electrical shock (emergency switch-off) with lockable motor protection circuit breakers, main circuit breakers, and main isolators with fuses. Figure 46.18 demonstrates these concepts. It also shows the recommended 5-wire power line connections (TN-S) with separated N and PE lines and the shielded cables between drives and motors. The IEC 60204-1 is a valuable source for many other safety issues complementing the Profisafe technology. 46.3.4 Wireless Transmission and Security More and more applications such as AGV (automated guided vehicles), rotating machines, gantry robots, and teach panels use wireless transmission in Profibus and Profinet networks. Profisafe, with its error-detection mechanism for bit error probabilities up to 10 −2 , is approved for both “Black Channels.” However, the security issues below must be considered in addition. With Profinet being based on Industrial Ethernet as an open network and in the context of wireless transmission, the issue of security has been raised. PI published [15] the concept of building so-called security zones which can be considered to be closed networks (Figure 46.19). The only possibility to cross open networks such as Industrial Ethernet Backbones from one security zone to another is via security gates. The security gates use generally accepted mechanisms such as VPN (virtual private network) and Firewalls to protect themselves from intrusion. Profisafe networks always shall be located inside security zones and protected by security gates if connections to open networks cannot be avoided. For wireless transmission, the IEEE 802.11i standard provides sufficient security measures for Profisafe networks. Only the infrastructure mode is permitted; the ad hoc mode shall not be used. © <strong>2011</strong> by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
PROFIsafe Profisafe 46-13 Production PC with security VPN Client software VPN Firewall VPN Internet VPN VPN Firewall Service PC with security VPN Client software Industrial ethernet backbone S Security gate Security zone S Security gate Security zone PROFINET IO I am PROFINET IO I am PROFIsafe PROFIBUS DP I am PROFIsafe PROFIBUS DP PROFIsafe Island PROFIsafe Island FIGURE 46.19 Security concept for “closed” and “open” networks. Actuation Safe state Fixed Processing duration defines minimum time triggered scan rate Fixed Input delay Bus delay Bus delay Output delay Processing delay Worst case delay time (input) Worst case delay time (bus) Worst case delay time (process.) Worst case delay time (bus) Worst case delay time (output) Device_WD F_WD_Time 1 F-Host_WD F_WD_Time 2 Device_WD Total worst case delay time = TWCDT Longest ΔT_WD Safety function response time (TWCDT + ΔT of the longest “Watchdog Time”) FIGURE 46.20 Safety function response time (SFRT). © <strong>2011</strong> by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
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The Industrial Electronics Handbook
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The Electrical Engineering Handbook
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CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 60
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viii Contents 11 Industrial Strengt
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x Contents 46 Profisafe............
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Preface The field of industrial ele
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xvi Preambles Thilo Sauter Institut
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xviii Preambles are the same. Commu
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xx Preambles In order to cater to h
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xxii Preambles In this manner, it i
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Editorial Board Dietmar Bruckner Vi
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xxviii Editors J. David Irwin recei
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Contributors Teresa Albero-Albero E
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Contributors xxxiii Georg Gaderer I
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Contributors xxxv Peter Neumann Ins
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Contributors xxxvii Thomas Tamandl
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I Technical Principles 1 ISO/OSI Mo
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Technical Principles I-3 18 Clock S
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1-2 Industrial Communication System
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2 Media Herbert Schweinzer Vienna U
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Media 2-3 TABLE 2.1 Overview over S
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Media 2-5 Single ended Differential
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Media 2-7 2.2.6 Standards Numerous
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Media 2-9 2.3.3 transmitters and Re
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Media 2-11 uses light backscatterin
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Media 2-13 G 1 Maximum intensity Av
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Media 2-15 As an example, the three
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Media 2-17 TABLE 2.3 Overview of Di
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4 Routing in Wireless Networks Tere
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Routing in Wireless Networks 4-3 me
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Routing in Wireless Networks 4-7 Fi
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Routing in Wireless Networks 4-9 in
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Routing in Wireless Networks 4-11 R
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Routing in Wireless Networks 4-13 1
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Routing in Wireless Networks 4-15 [
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5 Profiles and Interoperability Ger
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Profiles and Interoperability 5-3 t
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Profiles and Interoperability 5-5 S
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6 Industrial Wireless Sensor Networ
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Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
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16 Industrial Agent Technology Alek
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18 Clock Synchronization in Distrib
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Clock Synchronization in Distribute
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20 Network-Based Control Josep M. F
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Network-Based Control 20-3 Thus, th
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Network-Based Control 20-5 message
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Network-Based Control 20-7 20.5.1 D
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21 Functional Safety Thomas Novak S
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Functional Safety 21-3 IEC 61508:20
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Functional Safety 21-5 safety engin
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Functional Safety 21-7 Hazard: tota
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Functional Safety 21-9 TABLE 21.4 S
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Functional Safety 21-11 TABLE 21.6
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TABLE 21.8 Measures Hazard Network-
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Functional Safety 21-15 implementin
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22 Security in Industrial Communica
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23 Secure Communication Using Chaos
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24 Embedded Networks in Civilian Ai
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25 Process Automation Alois Zoitl V
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Process Automation 25-3 during star
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Process Automation 25-5 • An equi
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Process Automation 25-7 Recipe mana
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Process Automation 25-9 challenging
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Process Automation 25-11 Looking at
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26 Building and Home Automation Wol
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27 Industrial Multimedia Javier Sil
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Industrial Multimedia 27-3 Multimed
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Industrial Multimedia 27-5 FIGURE 2
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Industrial Multimedia 27-7 which wo
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Industrial Multimedia 27-9 is neces
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Industrial Multimedia 27-11 with pr
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Industrial Multimedia 27-13 [WIF01]
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28 Industrial Wireless Communicatio
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Industrial Wireless Communications
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29 Protocols in Power Generation Tu
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Protocols in Power Generation 29-3
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30 Communications in Medical Applic
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Communications in Medical Applicati
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III Technologies 31 Controller Area
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Technologies III-3 53 WirelessHART,
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31 Controller Area Network Joaquim
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Controller Area Network 31-3 TABLE
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Controller Area Network 31-5 • Bi
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Controller Area Network 31-7 I/O Ap
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Controller Area Network 31-11 nth E
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Controller Area Network 31-13 TABLE
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32 Profibus Max Felser Bern Univers
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Profibus 32-3 TABLE 32.3 Transmissi
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Profibus 32-5 32.3 Fieldbus Data Li
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Profibus 32-7 in Figure 32.3. He si
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Profibus 32-9 32.5 Cyclic Data Exch
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Profibus 32-11 Buscycle T DP T DX G
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Profibus 32-13 [IEC84-3] IEC 61784-
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33 INTERBUS Juergen Jasperneite Ost
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INTERBUS 33-3 One total frame Loopb
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INTERBUS 33-5 interface shutdown. T
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34 WorldFip Francisco Vasques Unive
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WorldFip 34-3 Data producer Data co
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WorldFip 34-5 TABLE 34.1 Variable N
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WorldFip 34-7 Write service Read se
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WorldFip 34-9 t r (20 µs) ID_DAT(2
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WorldFip 34-17 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5
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35 Foundation Fieldbus Carlos Eduar
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-3 Four devic
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-5 Many desig
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-7 35.9 Insta
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36 Modbus Mário de Sousa Universit
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Modbus 36-5 Request APDU Response A
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Modbus 36-13 36.7 Example A typical
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Modbus 36-15 Modbus TCP frame MBAP
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37 Industrial Ethernet Gaëlle Mars
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Industrial Ethernet 37-3 37.2.2 Wha
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Industrial Ethernet 37-5 Advantage:
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Industrial Ethernet 37-7 TABLE 37.1
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Industrial Ethernet 37-9 Tcnet [21]
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Industrial Ethernet 37-11 12. IEEE
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40 PROFINET Max Felser Bern Univers
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PROFINET 40-3 A plant unit contains
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PROFINET 40-5 switches or a line to
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PROFINET 40-7 For data exchange wit
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PROFINET 40-13 40.4.5 redundancy Th
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Page 690 and 691: 50 ZigBee Stefan Mahlknecht Vienna
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51 6LoWPAN: IP for Wireless Sensor
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6LoWPAN: IP for Wireless Sensor Net
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52 WiMAX in Industry Milos Manic Un
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WiMAX in Industry 52-7 Technical St
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53 WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OC
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WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OCARI
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TABLE 54.1 Characteristics of Some
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FIGURE 55.1 CPU IN-Log IN-Num OUT-l
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START FIGURE 55.3 COLD WARM STOP E_
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START RUNSTOP COLD INIT INITO WARM
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FIGURE 55.9 Different addresses of
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EtherNet FIGURE 55.11 Device: LED1
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60 User Datagram Protocol—UDP Ale
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User Datagram Protocol—UDP 60-5 F
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User Datagram Protocol—UDP 60-7 F
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User Datagram Protocol—UDP 60-9 I
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61 Transmission Control Protocol—
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Transmission Control Protocol—TCP
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65 Semantic Web Services for Manufa
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Semantic Web Services for Manufactu
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V Outlook 67 Trends and Challenges
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68 Processing Data in Complex Commu
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