wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

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15-4 Industrial Communication Systems Remote industrial domains/subsidiary/customer sites Office subdomains Real-time domain Mobile devices Office domain Industrial domain VAN domain A Industrial segment Domain converted via ra Van domain B VAN domain C Public and private telecommunication networks/Iinternet Industrial WLAN domain Single device integration (e.g., tele control) Industrial backbone Mobile devices Industrial WLAN domain Intrinsic safety domain Individual industrial subdomains Real-time domain within a domain (or subdomain), one or more automation devices (ADs), fieldbus systems, and infrastructure components exist. A domain keeps track of engineered relations between VAN devices that are the end points of a configured communication line between the local domain and the related other domain [DHH08]. The connected end points are linked via a tunnel, which seems to be a (virtual) communication line between the distributed application objects (runtime objects). Once the tunnel has been established, the data exchange between the distributed runtime objects follows the rules of the used fieldbus system (e.g., PROFINET with connected PROFIBUS or other connected fieldbus systems). These rules are well known by the automation engineer. All devices with the same object model can interact by using the VAN infrastructure. As an example, the standardized runtime object model of PROFINET [IEC61158,IEC61784] can be used as a common object definition. Within the VAN device architecture also, other object models can be used if they are based on the VAN communication stack. Devices with other object models can be connected through a VAN proxy device (VAN-PD). 15.2.1 Domains Remark All systems are shown generally as a bus. Depending on the real system it may be any type of topology including a ring. FIGURE 15.3 Different VAN domains related to different automation applications. (From Specification of the Open Platform for Automation Infrastructure, Deliverable D02.2-1. Topology Architecture for the VAN. Virtual Automation Domain. European Integrated Project VAN FP6/2004/IST/NMP/2-016969 VAN Virtual Automation Networks, 2006. With permission.) To connect distributed application objects, a VAN infrastructure, which offers VAN characteristics, is necessary. The VAN characteristics are defined for domains [PNO05,N07]. The expression “domain” is widely used to address areas and devices with common application purposes (Figure 15.3). A domain is a logical group of VAN devices. The devices related to a VAN domain may reside in a homogeneous network domain (e.g., local industrial domain). However, depending on the application, additional VAN-relevant devices may be only reached by crossing other network types (e.g., by WAN type communication) or they need to use proxy technology to be represented in the VAN domain view of a complex application. A VAN domain can include given industrial domains (equipped with ADs and connected via industrial communications, e.g., fieldbus), completely or partially. Thus, an industrial domain can consist of segments related to a VAN domain (VAN segment) or of segments that are not related to a VAN domain (Figure 15.3) [N08]. © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Virtual Automation Networks 15-5 15.2.2 Components There are two groups of VAN components [NPM08,SOP06]: • VAN infrastructure components: VAN access point (VAN-AP), VAN gateway (VAN-GW), VAN server device (VAN-SVD), VAN security infrastructure device (VAN-SID), VAN engineering station. • Automation-specific VAN components: VAN automation device (VAN-AD), VAN-PD, VAN virtual device (VAN-VD). The infrastructure components enable the establishment and maintenance of the tunnel between distributed application objects (runtime objects). The automation-specific components are VAN-enabled ADs. A VAN-AP, the most important infrastructure component, connects VAN network segments. It does not contain an automation function or an automation application process. It can work as a gateway or a router to ADs that are members in a VAN application context (VAN domain). Thus, a VAN-AP may handle different transmission technologies, contains all relevant administration functions (necessary for configuration and parameter setting in connected subnetworks). It enables the switching between available communication paths and finds the best transmission technology and the best route through the different subnetworks of the heterogeneous network. Within a VAN domain, there are different opportunities how any AD can participate in a VAN network (Figure 15.4): • By integrating the VAN communication capabilities at the AD itself (VAN-AD) • By connecting a single device via a separate VAN gateway device • By connecting the whole network segment (e.g., connecting the ADs using any industrial communication system/fieldbus) through a VAN-PD and mapping its application objects to the VAN object pool that its parts (VAN-VD) can be exchanged within the VAN domain VAN VAN network capability Automation function VAN-AD VAN VAN network capability VAN-PD FD1 FD2 FD5 VAN-VDs Industrial comm. capability FD2 Fieldbus network with several devices FD1 FD4 FD1, 2, 5 are VAN-virtual devices (VAN aware) FD3, 4 are not visible in VAN (VAN independent) FD5 FD3 Automation function FIGURE 15.4 Automation-specific components (AD, automation device; PD, proxy device; VD, virtual device; FD, field device). © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
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The Industrial Electronics Handbook
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The Electrical Engineering Handbook
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CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 60
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viii Contents 11 Industrial Strengt
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x Contents 46 Profisafe............
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Preface The field of industrial ele
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xvi Preambles Thilo Sauter Institut
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xviii Preambles are the same. Commu
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xx Preambles In order to cater to h
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xxii Preambles In this manner, it i
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Editorial Board Dietmar Bruckner Vi
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xxviii Editors J. David Irwin recei
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Contributors Teresa Albero-Albero E
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Contributors xxxiii Georg Gaderer I
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Contributors xxxv Peter Neumann Ins
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Contributors xxxvii Thomas Tamandl
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I Technical Principles 1 ISO/OSI Mo
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Technical Principles I-3 18 Clock S
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1-2 Industrial Communication System
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2 Media Herbert Schweinzer Vienna U
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Media 2-3 TABLE 2.1 Overview over S
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Media 2-5 Single ended Differential
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Media 2-7 2.2.6 Standards Numerous
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Media 2-9 2.3.3 transmitters and Re
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Media 2-11 uses light backscatterin
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4 Routing in Wireless Networks Tere
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5 Profiles and Interoperability Ger
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6 Industrial Wireless Sensor Networ
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20 Network-Based Control Josep M. F
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Network-Based Control 20-3 Thus, th
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Network-Based Control 20-5 message
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21 Functional Safety Thomas Novak S
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Functional Safety 21-5 safety engin
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24 Embedded Networks in Civilian Ai
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25 Process Automation Alois Zoitl V
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Process Automation 25-5 • An equi
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26 Building and Home Automation Wol
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27 Industrial Multimedia Javier Sil
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Industrial Multimedia 27-3 Multimed
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Industrial Multimedia 27-5 FIGURE 2
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Industrial Multimedia 27-7 which wo
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Industrial Multimedia 27-9 is neces
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Industrial Multimedia 27-11 with pr
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Industrial Multimedia 27-13 [WIF01]
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28 Industrial Wireless Communicatio
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Industrial Wireless Communications
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29 Protocols in Power Generation Tu
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III Technologies 31 Controller Area
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31 Controller Area Network Joaquim
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32 Profibus Max Felser Bern Univers
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Profibus 32-3 TABLE 32.3 Transmissi
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Profibus 32-5 32.3 Fieldbus Data Li
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Profibus 32-13 [IEC84-3] IEC 61784-
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33 INTERBUS Juergen Jasperneite Ost
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INTERBUS 33-3 One total frame Loopb
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INTERBUS 33-5 interface shutdown. T
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34 WorldFip Francisco Vasques Unive
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WorldFip 34-3 Data producer Data co
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WorldFip 34-5 TABLE 34.1 Variable N
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WorldFip 34-7 Write service Read se
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35 Foundation Fieldbus Carlos Eduar
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-3 Four devic
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-7 35.9 Insta
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36 Modbus Mário de Sousa Universit
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Modbus 36-3 The devices acting as M
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Modbus 36-15 Modbus TCP frame MBAP
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37 Industrial Ethernet Gaëlle Mars
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Industrial Ethernet 37-3 37.2.2 Wha
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Industrial Ethernet 37-7 TABLE 37.1
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40 PROFINET Max Felser Bern Univers
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PROFINET 40-3 A plant unit contains
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PROFINET 40-5 switches or a line to
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PROFINET 40-7 For data exchange wit
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45 LIN-Bus Andreas Grzemba Universi
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47 SafetyLon Thomas Novak SWARCO Fu
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48 Wireless Local Area Networks Hen
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50 ZigBee Stefan Mahlknecht Vienna
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ZigBee 50-3 Wireless communication
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51 6LoWPAN: IP for Wireless Sensor
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52 WiMAX in Industry Milos Manic Un
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WiMAX in Industry 52-3 However, the
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53 WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OC
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WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OCARI
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TABLE 54.1 Characteristics of Some
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FIGURE 55.1 CPU IN-Log IN-Num OUT-l
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START FIGURE 55.3 COLD WARM STOP E_
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START RUNSTOP COLD INIT INITO WARM
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FIGURE 55.9 Different addresses of
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EtherNet FIGURE 55.11 Device: LED1
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60 User Datagram Protocol—UDP Ale
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61 Transmission Control Protocol—
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65 Semantic Web Services for Manufa
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V Outlook 67 Trends and Challenges
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68 Processing Data in Complex Commu
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