wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

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14-4 Industrial Communication Systems components at the lower layers provide component services to the components above them. A SOA is a way of connecting loosely coupled converged application services across a network via common interaction primitives. Services map distinct business processes that can be chained together in order to realize certain collaborative behavior. 14.3.1 Service Meta Architectures The Meta data model illustrated in Figure 14.1 represents an explicit Meta specification of a single software component and its interface. This explicit model supports software reconfiguration by clearly defining application constructs and their interface. Such data is used to specify construct convergence and interaction. External entities (other applications and constructs) may access this Meta data in order to utilize service constructs and their compositions. A composition is typically formed from many interconnected components that are constructed in a layered and hierarchical manner. Connectors and adaptors provide a level of indirection that reduces dependencies among components. Interconnected compositions are coupled using operation and attribute connectors and adaptors [14]. 1 0..* Provided operation 0..* Provided interface 1 1 0..* Provided attribute Component specification 1 1..* Interface specification Attribute 1 1..* Interface permissions 1 0..* 1 Required interface 0..* Required attribute 1 0..* Required operation Operation specification 1 1 1 1 0..* Pre condition 0..* Input parameter 0..* Output parameter 0..* Post condition Parameter FIGURE 14.1 Conceptual Meta model of a component. © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Multimedia Service Convergence 14-5 A component may expose a number of interfaces. Each interface either provides or requires services in the form of data attributes and operations. An attribute is a named property value that defines the characteristics and state of a component. An operation is the implementation of a specific service that represents the dynamic behavior of a component. 14.4 tailorability Tailorable software allows generic software to be easily constructed and/or modified to satisfy the specialized, rapidly changing, unclear, and/or evolving changes in system requirements. It provides a means for the straightforward creation and modification of software at runtime based on multiple levels of detail and complexity. Morch [15] has identified three tailoring activities where the system user interface and underlying logic can be modified dynamically: • Customization—Customization refers to user interface modifications. • Integration—The integration level of tailoring refers to changes in application components, compositions, interconnections, and their configuration. • Extension—The extension level of tailoring refers to the addition of new application components and configurations. Using a reconfigurable plug and play component-based framework as a basis for the creation and modification of software, it is possible to construct, customize, integrate, and evolve convergence solutions. 14.5 Multimedia Convergence Using Service Architecture Reconfigurable converged applications eliminate traditional barriers by offering a new and novel solution that allows flexible access to enterprise and Internet data. They provide the glue between enterprise business applications and multimodal forms of converged business communication to access a variety of telecommunications and data services Connections may be achieved using plain old telephone service (POTS) telephones, cell phones, PCs, and/or personal digital assistants (PDAs). Multimedia convergence promotes media collaboration using a variety of communication devices and networks anywhere and at any time. It enables individuals and teams to interact in a powerful, simple, and convenient manner. The following approach uses a thin client style that allows system access via a range of devices and connections with no specialized software. Access is provided online via an Internet browser-based client. Calls, conferences, and services are provided over wired and wireless telephony and data networks as routed by a software Private Branch eXchange (PBX). Interaction can be performed using a Web, voice, SMS, video, data, and instant messaging interfaces. Customized switchboard forwarding and voice mail features are used to manage calls as required. Whiteboarding, meeting, and presentation management features are also used to enhance collaboration. Figure 14.2 illustrates a high-level overview of such a convergence approach. The multimedia convergence center (MC 2 ) convergence solution is proposed using proven open concepts with a focus on wide compatibility. No specialized hardware devices are deemed to be required. Computer-aided interaction is performed using a Web instant messaging client and VoIP capability that communicates with a central convergence server via an asynchronous approach. The approach illustrated in Figure 14.3 is adopted in order to promote a thin client solution with wide compatibility. Telecommunications functions are provided by a software PBX solution that couples the features of computers with a telephone interface (Figure 14.4). 14.5.1 Converged Services Traditionally, enterprise applications allow users to access corporate data in a static location using a PC. However, today’s business professionals have a busy schedule and they are frequently on the move. © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
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The Industrial Electronics Handbook
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The Electrical Engineering Handbook
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CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 60
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viii Contents 11 Industrial Strengt
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x Contents 46 Profisafe............
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Preface The field of industrial ele
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xvi Preambles Thilo Sauter Institut
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xviii Preambles are the same. Commu
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xx Preambles In order to cater to h
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xxii Preambles In this manner, it i
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Editorial Board Dietmar Bruckner Vi
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xxviii Editors J. David Irwin recei
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Contributors Teresa Albero-Albero E
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Contributors xxxiii Georg Gaderer I
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Contributors xxxv Peter Neumann Ins
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Contributors xxxvii Thomas Tamandl
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I Technical Principles 1 ISO/OSI Mo
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Technical Principles I-3 18 Clock S
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1-2 Industrial Communication System
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2 Media Herbert Schweinzer Vienna U
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Media 2-3 TABLE 2.1 Overview over S
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Media 2-5 Single ended Differential
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Media 2-7 2.2.6 Standards Numerous
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Media 2-9 2.3.3 transmitters and Re
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Media 2-11 uses light backscatterin
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Media 2-13 G 1 Maximum intensity Av
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4 Routing in Wireless Networks Tere
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5 Profiles and Interoperability Ger
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6 Industrial Wireless Sensor Networ
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Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
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17-12 Industrial Communication Syst
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18 Clock Synchronization in Distrib
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Clock Synchronization in Distribute
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20 Network-Based Control Josep M. F
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Network-Based Control 20-3 Thus, th
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21 Functional Safety Thomas Novak S
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Functional Safety 21-3 IEC 61508:20
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Functional Safety 21-5 safety engin
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Functional Safety 21-7 Hazard: tota
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TABLE 21.8 Measures Hazard Network-
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22 Security in Industrial Communica
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23 Secure Communication Using Chaos
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25 Process Automation Alois Zoitl V
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Process Automation 25-5 • An equi
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26 Building and Home Automation Wol
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27 Industrial Multimedia Javier Sil
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Industrial Multimedia 27-3 Multimed
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Industrial Multimedia 27-5 FIGURE 2
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Industrial Multimedia 27-13 [WIF01]
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28 Industrial Wireless Communicatio
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Industrial Wireless Communications
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29 Protocols in Power Generation Tu
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30 Communications in Medical Applic
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III Technologies 31 Controller Area
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31 Controller Area Network Joaquim
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32 Profibus Max Felser Bern Univers
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Profibus 32-7 in Figure 32.3. He si
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Profibus 32-13 [IEC84-3] IEC 61784-
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33 INTERBUS Juergen Jasperneite Ost
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INTERBUS 33-3 One total frame Loopb
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INTERBUS 33-5 interface shutdown. T
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INTERBUS 33-7 include the entire da
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34 WorldFip Francisco Vasques Unive
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WorldFip 34-3 Data producer Data co
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35 Foundation Fieldbus Carlos Eduar
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-3 Four devic
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-7 35.9 Insta
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36 Modbus Mário de Sousa Universit
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Modbus 36-15 Modbus TCP frame MBAP
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37 Industrial Ethernet Gaëlle Mars
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Industrial Ethernet 37-7 TABLE 37.1
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40 PROFINET Max Felser Bern Univers
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PROFINET 40-3 A plant unit contains
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45 LIN-Bus Andreas Grzemba Universi
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47 SafetyLon Thomas Novak SWARCO Fu
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48 Wireless Local Area Networks Hen
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50 ZigBee Stefan Mahlknecht Vienna
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ZigBee 50-3 Wireless communication
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51 6LoWPAN: IP for Wireless Sensor
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52 WiMAX in Industry Milos Manic Un
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53 WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OC
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TABLE 54.1 Characteristics of Some
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FIGURE 55.1 CPU IN-Log IN-Num OUT-l
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START FIGURE 55.3 COLD WARM STOP E_
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START RUNSTOP COLD INIT INITO WARM
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FIGURE 55.9 Different addresses of
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EtherNet FIGURE 55.11 Device: LED1
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60 User Datagram Protocol—UDP Ale
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61 Transmission Control Protocol—
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65 Semantic Web Services for Manufa
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V Outlook 67 Trends and Challenges
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68 Processing Data in Complex Commu
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