wilamowski-b-m-irwin-j-d-industrial-communication-systems-2011

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Media 2-3 TABLE 2.1 Overview over Standards for Digital Data Transmission and Their Characteristics Standard Product Family Max. data Rate per Line Max. Data Rate per Device Max. Distance Topology TIA/EIA–232 (ITU–T V.28) TIA/EIA–232 512.kbps 20.m Point-to-point (simplex) CAN (ISO 11898) CAN 1.Mbps 40.m Multipoint (Multiplex) TIA/EIA 422 (ITU–T V.11) TIA/EIA 485 (ISO8482) USB 1.1 USB 2.0 IEEE1394–1995 IEEE1394a–2000 IEEE1394b–2002 TIA/EIA–899 (Multiplex LVDS) TIA/EIA–644 (LVDS) IEEE P802.3z IEEE P802.3ae TIA/EIA–422 10.Mbps 10.m (1,200.m) Multidrop (distributed simplex) TIA/EIA 485 35.Mbps 10.m (1,200.m) Multipoint (Multiplex) USB 12.Mbps 480.Mbps Firewire 100–400/ 800.Mbps 800.Mbps 5.m Multipoint (Multiplex) 4.5.m > 100.m Multipoint (Multiplex) M–LVDS 500.Mbps 0.5.m (∼30.m) Multipoint (Multiplex) LVDS 2.Gbps 4 ch: 1,600/800.Mbps Gigabit Ethernet 10 Gigabit Ethernet 1.25.Gbps 2.5.Gbps 1.25.Gpbs full duplex 4 ch: 10.0.Gbps full duplex 1.m (∼30.m) Point-to-point (simplex)
2-4 Industrial Communication Systems Diff. driver Signal line Data in V out + Signal line V out – V CM + V Diff. V CM – V GND Diff. receiver Data out FIGURE 2.3 Differential transmission. more than 1.m. These additional efforts significantly reduce the cost advantages. Disadvantage of SE transmission is the poor noise immunity originated by the way of ground wiring. For balanced or differential transmission, a pair of signal lines is necessary together with an additional ground connection (see Figure 2.3). The signal is transmitted by a sender with differential outputs in a way that the signal is placed on one line and the inverted signal on the second line. The receiver detects the voltage difference between its inputs. Good noise performance comes from the use of a twisted pair whereby noise is coupled into both signal lines in the same way. Due to the CM rejection capability of a differential amplifier, this noise is without effect. Twisted-pair cables with correct termination and differential signaling allow very high data rates up to 10.Gbps. Only cost is the primary disadvantage of differential transmission. Furthermore, high data rates require a very well-defined cable impedance and correct termination to avoid reflections. 2.2.4 Simplex and Duplex Communication Media access for data transmission can be performed in different topologies in respect of directly realizable communication links. These topologies are point-to-point, multidrop, and multipoint. Point-to-point or simplex communication is characterized by one sender and one receiver per signal line or line pair of a cable (Figure 2.4). Data transmission is possible only in one direction, i.e., unidirectional. Being the most elementary topology, it has the advantage of enabling well-controlled cable impedances necessary for very high signaling rates. All signaling technologies may be used for point-to-point links. However, very fast differential signaling technologies are primarily designed for point-to-point signal transmission. A topology with one sender and multiple receivers is called multidrop or distributed simplex (Figure 2.5). Only unidirectional transfer is possible. Terminating the cable on the far receiver side is advisable only when the signal driver is on the opposite end of the cable from the terminated receiver. In all other cases (e.g., driver connected to the middle of the bus), the bus needs to be terminated at both ends of the bus. The multipoint or multiplex topology is implemented with many transmitters and many receivers per line (Figure 2.6). In practice, this solution is often realized with combined transmitter–receiver pairs called transceivers. Any combination of receivers, transmitters, and transceivers is possible for this topology. Transmission is possible in both direction, i.e., bidirectional, and all signal drivers and receivers are sharing the same single interconnect. A frequently implemented variant of the multipoint Single ended Differential D R D R FIGURE 2.4 Point-to-point communication link. © 2011 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Page 2 and 3: The Industrial Electronics Handbook
Page 4 and 5: The Electrical Engineering Handbook
Page 6 and 7: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 60
Page 8 and 9: viii Contents 11 Industrial Strengt
Page 10 and 11: x Contents 46 Profisafe............
Page 12 and 13: Preface The field of industrial ele
Page 14 and 15: xvi Preambles Thilo Sauter Institut
Page 16 and 17: xviii Preambles are the same. Commu
Page 18 and 19: xx Preambles In order to cater to h
Page 20 and 21: xxii Preambles In this manner, it i
Page 22 and 23: Editorial Board Dietmar Bruckner Vi
Page 24 and 25: xxviii Editors J. David Irwin recei
Page 26 and 27: Contributors Teresa Albero-Albero E
Page 28 and 29: Contributors xxxiii Georg Gaderer I
Page 30 and 31: Contributors xxxv Peter Neumann Ins
Page 32 and 33: Contributors xxxvii Thomas Tamandl
Page 34 and 35: I Technical Principles 1 ISO/OSI Mo
Page 36 and 37: Technical Principles I-3 18 Clock S
Page 38 and 39: 1-2 Industrial Communication System
Page 46 and 47: 2 Media Herbert Schweinzer Vienna U
Page 50 and 51: Media 2-5 Single ended Differential
Page 52 and 53: Media 2-7 2.2.6 Standards Numerous
Page 54 and 55: Media 2-9 2.3.3 transmitters and Re
Page 56 and 57: Media 2-11 uses light backscatterin
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Page 60 and 61: Media 2-15 As an example, the three
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Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks
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7-2 Industrial Communication System
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16 Industrial Agent Technology Alek
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Industrial Agent Technology 16-3 (A
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Industrial Agent Technology 16-15 2
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18 Clock Synchronization in Distrib
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Clock Synchronization in Distribute
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20 Network-Based Control Josep M. F
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Network-Based Control 20-3 Thus, th
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Network-Based Control 20-5 message
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Network-Based Control 20-7 20.5.1 D
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21 Functional Safety Thomas Novak S
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Functional Safety 21-3 IEC 61508:20
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Functional Safety 21-5 safety engin
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Functional Safety 21-7 Hazard: tota
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Functional Safety 21-9 TABLE 21.4 S
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Functional Safety 21-11 TABLE 21.6
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TABLE 21.8 Measures Hazard Network-
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Functional Safety 21-15 implementin
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22 Security in Industrial Communica
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Security in Industrial Communicatio
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23 Secure Communication Using Chaos
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24 Embedded Networks in Civilian Ai
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25 Process Automation Alois Zoitl V
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Process Automation 25-3 during star
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Process Automation 25-5 • An equi
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Process Automation 25-7 Recipe mana
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Process Automation 25-9 challenging
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Process Automation 25-11 Looking at
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26 Building and Home Automation Wol
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Building and Home Automation 26-3 2
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Building and Home Automation 26-5 p
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Building and Home Automation 26-7 T
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Building and Home Automation 26-9 t
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Building and Home Automation 26-11
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27 Industrial Multimedia Javier Sil
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Industrial Multimedia 27-3 Multimed
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Industrial Multimedia 27-5 FIGURE 2
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Industrial Multimedia 27-7 which wo
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Industrial Multimedia 27-9 is neces
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Industrial Multimedia 27-11 with pr
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Industrial Multimedia 27-13 [WIF01]
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28 Industrial Wireless Communicatio
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Industrial Wireless Communications
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29 Protocols in Power Generation Tu
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Protocols in Power Generation 29-3
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30 Communications in Medical Applic
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Communications in Medical Applicati
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III Technologies 31 Controller Area
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Technologies III-3 53 WirelessHART,
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31 Controller Area Network Joaquim
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Controller Area Network 31-3 TABLE
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Controller Area Network 31-5 • Bi
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Controller Area Network 31-7 I/O Ap
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Controller Area Network 31-9 TTCAN:
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Controller Area Network 31-11 nth E
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Controller Area Network 31-13 TABLE
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Controller Area Network 31-15 11. G
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32 Profibus Max Felser Bern Univers
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Profibus 32-3 TABLE 32.3 Transmissi
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Profibus 32-5 32.3 Fieldbus Data Li
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Profibus 32-7 in Figure 32.3. He si
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Profibus 32-9 32.5 Cyclic Data Exch
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Profibus 32-11 Buscycle T DP T DX G
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Profibus 32-13 [IEC84-3] IEC 61784-
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33 INTERBUS Juergen Jasperneite Ost
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INTERBUS 33-3 One total frame Loopb
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INTERBUS 33-5 interface shutdown. T
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INTERBUS 33-7 include the entire da
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INTERBUS 33-9 4.5 4 3.5 PL = 1 byte
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34 WorldFip Francisco Vasques Unive
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WorldFip 34-3 Data producer Data co
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WorldFip 34-5 TABLE 34.1 Variable N
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WorldFip 34-7 Write service Read se
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WorldFip 34-9 t r (20 µs) ID_DAT(2
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WorldFip 34-11 TABLE 34.3 BAT (Usin
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WorldFip 34-13 Not enough time to p
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WorldFip 34-15 47: else 48: load_fu
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WorldFip 34-17 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5
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35 Foundation Fieldbus Carlos Eduar
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-3 Four devic
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-5 Many desig
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-7 35.9 Insta
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Foundation Fieldbus 35-9 Field Inst
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36 Modbus Mário de Sousa Universit
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Modbus 36-3 The devices acting as M
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Modbus 36-5 Request APDU Response A
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Modbus 36-7 For more details regard
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Modbus 36-11 sequence “CR” “L
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Modbus 36-13 36.7 Example A typical
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Modbus 36-15 Modbus TCP frame MBAP
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37 Industrial Ethernet Gaëlle Mars
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Industrial Ethernet 37-3 37.2.2 Wha
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Industrial Ethernet 37-5 Advantage:
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Industrial Ethernet 37-7 TABLE 37.1
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Industrial Ethernet 37-9 Tcnet [21]
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Industrial Ethernet 37-11 12. IEEE
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40 PROFINET Max Felser Bern Univers
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PROFINET 40-3 A plant unit contains
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PROFINET 40-5 switches or a line to
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PROFINET 40-7 For data exchange wit
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PROFINET 40-9 31.25 μs ≤ Tsend_c
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PROFINET 40-11 40.4 Engineering and
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PROFINET 40-13 40.4.5 redundancy Th
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PROFINET 40-15 Acronyms AR CR DCP D
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45 LIN-Bus Andreas Grzemba Universi
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LIN-Bus 45-3 System design tool Clu
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LIN-Bus 45-5 Reverse battery protec
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LIN-Bus 45-7 times, followed by a s
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LIN-Bus 45-9 45.5.8 Frame Types The
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47 SafetyLon Thomas Novak SWARCO Fu
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SafetyLon 47-3 is linked to the saf
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SafetyLon 47-5 In detail, a hardwar
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SafetyLon 47-7 Signal output Safety
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SafetyLon 47-9 base. Typically, suc
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SafetyLon 47-11 Input source file(s
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SafetyLon 47-13 Acronyms 1oo2 COTS
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48 Wireless Local Area Networks Hen
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Wireless Local Area Networks 48-3 T
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Wireless Local Area Networks 48-5 A
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50 ZigBee Stefan Mahlknecht Vienna
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ZigBee 50-3 Wireless communication
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ZigBee 50-5 Table 50.2 Physical Cha
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ZigBee 50-7 Coordinator Router End
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ZigBee 50-9 ZigBee router (FFD) Sen
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51 6LoWPAN: IP for Wireless Sensor
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52 WiMAX in Industry Milos Manic Un
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WiMAX in Industry 52-3 However, the
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WiMAX in Industry 52-5 represents a
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WiMAX in Industry 52-7 Technical St
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53 WirelessHART, ISA100.11a, and OC
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TABLE 54.1 Characteristics of Some
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FIGURE 55.1 CPU IN-Log IN-Num OUT-l
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START FIGURE 55.3 COLD WARM STOP E_
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START RUNSTOP COLD INIT INITO WARM
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FIGURE 55.9 Different addresses of
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EtherNet FIGURE 55.11 Device: LED1
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60 User Datagram Protocol—UDP Ale
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User Datagram Protocol—UDP 60-5 F
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User Datagram Protocol—UDP 60-7 F
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61 Transmission Control Protocol—
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Transmission Control Protocol—TCP
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65 Semantic Web Services for Manufa
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V Outlook 67 Trends and Challenges
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68 Processing Data in Complex Commu
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