arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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Seqspiris nawarmoebebSi amoikiTxavT. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT axlandel zrunvas kulturuli landSaftebis, viTarca adamianis memk vidreobis mniSvnelovani nawilis, gamo, damcvelobiTi mcdelobisas yuradReba unda mieqces imgvari `samyaros~ arsebriv niSnebsa da xsovnasac. Tanamedrove anTropologiisTvis, kliford geertcis sityvisa mebr, adamianad qceva individuumad gadaqcevas niSnavs da es xorciel deba `kulturuli yalibebis, sazrisis istoriulad Seqmnili sisteme bis wamZRolobiT, romelTa meSveobiT Cven formas, wesrigs, azrsa da mi marTulebas vaniWebT sakuTar cxovrebas~ (Geertz, 1993, 52). es procesi yvela adamianisTvis saerToa da amaSi ixilveba gansxvavebuli kultu re bis universaliac. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom Cveni ideebi, Rirebule bani, qmedebani, TviT Cveni emociebic kulturis warmonaqmnebia, aqedan ga momdinareobs, rom Cveni naxelavi sagnebic kulturuli bunebis ar tefaqtebia. Sartris kaTedralis gasagebad, mag., ara marto unda vi codeT, ra masalisaa igi, SeniSnavs geertci, aramed isic, rom es niSan- tradiciuli da Tanamedrove sazogadoeba 21 sur. 1.6. stounxenji, inglisi (daax. 1800- 1400 ww. Zv. w.) ramdenime saukunis ganmavlobaSi mnaTobTa saTayvaneblad aaSenes, rac landSaftzec aisaxa. es da misnairi sxva Zeglebi xalxisTvis dResac xibliania dobliv es kaTedralia, ufro kritikuli damokidebulebiT ki isic, rom àrsebobda RmerTs, adamiansa da qveynierebas Soris mimarTebis ga n sazRvruli koncefciebi da arqiteqturac, romlis Seqmnas isini war mar Tavs, Sesabamisad, maTive gansxeulebaa~ (Geertz, 1993, 51). Cven davr w mundebiT, rom debuleba fundamenturad gvevlineba, Tuki gvsurs, gavi goT kulturuli memkvidreobis mniSvneloba da is, Tu ranairad vswavlobT da vuvliT mas. religiuri sistemebi SeiZleba ganvixiloT, rogorc èrTgvarad mowesrigebul mTelSi Caqsovili Sekoneba sakraluri simboloebisa~ (Geertz, 1993, 129). amgvari sakraluri simboloebi SeiZleba miviCnioT im saxelmZRvanelo principebad, romelTac adamianma Tavis sasikeTod un da misdios. tradiciul sazogadoebaSi sakraluri adgielbi, gansazRv ruli sazrisis moqneni, ganir- Ceoda yoveldRiuri cxovrebis adgil- Tagan da gamoyofil iyo anda eZRvneboda raime religiur mizans, amde nad ki, saTayvano Tu religiurad pativmisagebi iyo. amgvari arealebi `da culi memkvidreobis~ uadresi formaa da Tumca maTi
22 arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria individualuri niSnebi erT romelime kulturaSi SeiZleba naklebad an sul ar emgva nebodes sxva kulturisas, saerTo maT is eqnebaT, rom isini Sesabamisi adamianTa erTobisgan mofrTxilebasa da yuradRebas moiTxovs. piruku, am erTobis keTildReoba da sijansaRe SeiZleba damokidebuli iyos amgvari sakraluri adgilebis keTilmyofobaze. zog SemTxvevaSi, es ad gi le bi sivrceSi mkacradaa mofargluli, sxvagan isini SeiZleba mTel teritoriasac moicavdes (ix. Frazer, 1960; Carmichael, 1994). winaT adamianTa sazogadoebas bunebasTan mWidro kavSiri axasia Tebda. Zveli keltebi, dasavleT da centraluri evropis romaelebam deli mosaxleni, Tavis arsebobas Zvel qveynierebasTan erTobliobaSi moiazrebdnen, ase rom adamianTa da bunebis arseboba erTi ram iyo. msoflxedva ar gulisxmobda mi- Tologiisa da istoriis mkveTrad gamijvnasac da miTebi maTTvis warmoadgenda àdamianTaTvis misawvdomi umaRlesi donis dasabamier WeSmaritebas~. yvelaferi amgvar kosmosSi adgilobriv tradiciebs miemarTeboda, rac ayalibebs swored imas, ra sac anima loci, “adgilis suli~ SeiZleba ewodos (Pennick, 1996, 7). yoveli ves bunebaSi pirovnuloba miewereboda da ufro subieqtebad ganixile boda, vidre obieqtebad. maT Soris SeiZleboda yofiliyo wminda xeebi, qvebi, wyaroebi, Webi da kurnebis adgilebi, mTebi, mRvimeebi, kunZulebi, bilikebi, amasTan ki, adamianis naSenic. amgvari ZvelTaZveli kulturu li land- Saftebi Tavad evropaSic, mag., irlandiaSi, axlac SeiZleba inaxos (Carmichael, 1994). XIX saukuneSi amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis mTavrobam gadawyvi ta SeeZina miwa, romelzedac saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi saxlobdnen ad gi lobrivi indielebi, maTTvis ki rezervaciebi gamoeyo. adgilobrivni uarobdnen da ambobdnen, es miwa maTi sakuTreba arasodes yofila, me tic, maTi nawili iyo da, amitomac, verc gaiyideboda: `diadi suli Cve ni mamaa, miwa ki _ deda~ (m. luhan, 1971, 22). 1855 wels duvaniSTa gva ris indielTa beladma sietlma aRwera maTi Sexeduleba da xazi gaus va adamianisa da bunebis urTierTkavSirs; ai, misi koncefcia: àm miwis yoveli nawili saRvToa CvenTvis. fiWvis yoveli mociage wiwvi, yoveli zRvispiri, bneli tyis yvela buri, xeTa Soris yoveli Sualedi, yoveli mozuzune mweri saRvToa Cemi xalxis cnobierebiTa da gamocdilebiT. xeTa ZarRvebSi medini fisi wiTeli adamianis warsuls inaxavs.... fSebisa da mdinareebis mociage wyali, martooden wyali ki ara, Cveni winaprebis sisxlicaa. Tu Cven miwas mogyidiT, unda icodeT, rom is saRvToa da Tqven unda aswavloT Tqvens Svilebs, es saRvTo miwaa da yoveli anarekli wmida tbisa, ragind iyos myisieri da wamieri, raRacas ambobs Cemi xalxis cxovrebis Sesaxeb, mis xvedrsa da tradiciebze. da unda icodeT, rom wylis Cxriali _ Cveni winaprebis xmaa~ 4 . miwa Tu saRvTo adgili mravali ragvarobisa SeiZleba iyos; zog SemTxveva- Si adgilis siwmides masze ucxo adamianis Sesvla Selaxavda _ TviT misTvis Sexedvac, ase iyo maoris saRvTo mTa tongariro. sxva SemTxvevebSi, mag., kanadis zogierT saRvTo adgilas, amgvari SemoWra ve rafers aklebda mis siwmindes da sazrisi gardasaxvisasac iyo Senar- Cunebuli. herb stovels CaniSnuli aqvs, rom sofel haidaSi antonis ka nadur kunZulze xis Zveli totemuri boZebis sazrisi aborigenebisTvis maT da m zadebasa, lpobasa da CanacvlebaSi mdgomareobda da ara Tavdapirve li masalis konservaciaSi (stovel, 1994). budisturi taZris adgilis sak ra lu roba mrTelia 4 Targmani gamocemulia: uusi suomi, helsinki, 4 seqtemberi, 1997.
Page 2 and 3: arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Y
Page 4 and 5: mTargmnelTagan winamdebare wigni Ze
Page 6 and 7: 5. romantizmis xana ...............
Page 8 and 9: ganfenilobis Jams. am kon teqstsa d
Page 10 and 11: seriis redaqtorebis winasityvaoba a
Page 12 and 13: avtorebs Sesabamisi sferos aRiarebu
Page 14 and 15: sa Cemi xelnaweris wakiTxvisTvis, x
Page 16 and 17: 1.1. winandeli midgoma istoriuli na
Page 18 and 19: sur. 1.3. darius didis akldama (Zv.
Page 20 and 21: li da Senaxuli iyo, viTarca saxsova
Page 24 and 25: maSinac, Tiku igi nangrevebadaa qce
Page 26 and 27: sadmi da mamisa Zisadmi: `da aswavl
Page 28 and 29: aramed arse bul garemoebaTa interpr
Page 30 and 31: da ramdenime saukuniT uswrebs win e
Page 32 and 33: axleburi, anti kurisgan gansxvavebu
Page 34 and 35: jo vazaris “vite dei piu eccelent
Page 36 and 37: turi RvTaebrivi Rirebulebebis rwmen
Page 38 and 39: simZlavriT SeuZliaT maT erTmaneTi w
Page 40 and 41: dom Tavis `roma instaurata~-Si (144
Page 42 and 43: da maT fass mcire SeZlebis koleqcio
Page 44 and 45: xolo gveli, TiTqos, mamis mar j ven
Page 46 and 47: `De re aedificatoria~, laTinurad 14
Page 48 and 49: magaliTebi mas yvela droisa moaqvs
Page 50 and 51: afaeli da miqelanjelo _ did Za li s
Page 52 and 53: sur. 2.4. rimini, `tempio maletesti
Page 54 and 55: im axa li didebuli aRmSeneblobisTvi
Page 56 and 57: maT politikur mniSvnelobas. Sesabam
Page 58 and 59: 1561-66 wlebSi Seiqmna da vazaris m
Page 60 and 61: gaakeTes. ieris gasamarTleblad svet
Page 62 and 63: sur. 2.7. papma urban VIII barberin
Page 64 and 65: Suasaukunovani eklesiebis, santa kr
Page 66 and 67: 60 ww.) Senoba sul gaubedurda: kama
Page 68 and 69: lavT Zvel gamZle sazogadoebriv nage
Page 70 and 71: 3 ganmanaTleblobis xana ganmanaTleb
Page 72 and 73:
`di le tan tebis sazogadoebas~. Tav
Page 74 and 75:
lili, rom suraTebis naxe va ri teni
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vaweobda (mag., YorkSiris qasl houa
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sofos-mwerlis, gamomcemlisa da krit
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lo maratas (1625-1713 ww.) Catarebu
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Catarebaa saWiro. suraTebis daziane
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sur. 3.2. `herkulaneli asulis~ anti
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xSirad kvlav avsebdnen; pompeaSi zo
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TvalSi Tavadac gansakuTrebiT mSveni
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frebda, rom swavlulT, visac arqiteq
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unda gaviazroT da misi Tavdapirveli
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SuagulSi aRmarTul iqna arqiteqtor j
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Zgi mieca; napoleonma aseve ganizra
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da konserva cias, romlebic saWiroa
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Ta gamosa fe nad. Semdeg wels iq ga
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is (xelovnebaTa da ZeglTa generalur
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1717, 1726, 1733, 1750). Tumca isin
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kolizeumi, titusis abanoebi da panT
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sur. 4.2. kolizeumi, romi. 1806 wli
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klasikuri Zeglebi 109 sur. 4.4. kap
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kapite le bidan, vidre maT adgilze
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drosTan SedarebiT bYujeti Semcirda
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1813 da 1816 wlebSi komitetebma rek
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klasikuri Zeglebi 117 sur. 4.9. kol
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Ra igi masalaSi gansxvavebas kidev
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libebdnen. maTi meTaurebi, grafi ka
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ve Zveli Zeglebis restavra ciis sax
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saberZneTSi emogzauraT. garkveuli k
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gamo Ce nili ùmniSvnelo naSTebis~
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eTi da aRmosavleTi mxridan ar qitra
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5.1. goTuri aRorZineba da inglisis
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`cxra trapezis kapelis~ koSkurebi d
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goTur stils iyenebda. 118 1791 wels
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arqiteqturas da miiCnevda, rom seli
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qveynda. ga r da amisa, man gamosca
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laruli gaxda, arqiteqtorebs naklebi
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gadaxurva uindzorSi gadaetanaT, Tum
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5.4. romantizmi da Sua saukuneebis
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debda mkiTxvelebs yuradReba miaqcio
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ekle sie biTa da TeatrebiT (Pundt,
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urgi dakavSi re buli iyo germanuli
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omantizmis epoqa 153 sur. 5.6. kYol
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5.5.2. marienburgi 1794 wels, roca
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lursma da papis bula dawva. maSin r
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niSnavs uzarmazari Tanxebis daxarjv
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sakurTxevlis kamaris centraluri ner
Page 164 and 165:
siaSi (von Quast, 1837/1977). igi n
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tvruli Rirebuleba. iq, sadac ufro g
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memkvidreobas, qva-qva daSlas aclid
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sCans; igi gulisyuriT ekideboda ara
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naxevari Tve gagrZelda da safrangeT
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6 stilisturi restavracia XIX saukun
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merime, cxadia, didronis principebs
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Yovi ikribebodnen. eJens xelovnebis
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sur. 6.6. vezeles wm. magdalinas ek
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goTuri kamara aSenebul iqna romanul
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ukeT gaecnobierebina. vidre samuSao
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sur. 6.12. samxreTi koSkis zeda kon
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qiteqtura imdenad msubuqia da imden
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moufiqrebeli qmedebebisTvis~ 182 .
Page 192 and 193:
enebuliyo. 186 wylisgadamyvani sist
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meore mxriv, Tu mogviano SekeTebebm
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Tumca zogi `Teoretikosi arqeologi~,
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igi iq 1858-dan 1870 wlamde muSa ob
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yvela nawilis misi sakuTari formiT
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Semdgomi aqtiu ri faza. jon louboro
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aRadgines, qanda ke bebi Tavdapirve
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sur. 6.23. ser j. j. skotma daaproe
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sabameboda arqiteqtoris ganzraxvas.
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vaSi `damaxasiaTebeli an stilisturi
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sur. 6.25. florenciis kaTedralis mT
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obiT~ muSaobda (Buscioni, 1981:9).
Page 216 and 217:
omlis maxvili mzera da mware kalami
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siyva ru li da amisTanani. misi gar
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Tumca es saxlebi dasaxlebuli iyo er
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maSin roca klasikuri qandake baSi _
Page 224 and 225:
wyinvale didebulebis Taviseburi xas
Page 226 and 227:
cielebas mcire dakveTiT da ara erTi
Page 228 and 229:
da amtkicebda, rom rogori aRmoCeneb
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xarobdes Tavisi SromiT da rom, rac
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ise, TiTqos saxifaTod gamokidebulia
Page 234 and 235:
mieRo istoriuli Zeglebis movla-patr
Page 236 and 237:
alanosma misi winamorbedebis (rosis
Page 238 and 239:
scilda. bastionis dasavleT fasadze,
Page 240 and 241:
XVII saukuneTa marienkirxes inte ri
Page 242 and 243:
omelic mxolod calmxriv fanatizms mo
Page 244 and 245:
erfoni napoleon III-is `neronul fan
Page 246 and 247:
aseTi midgoma _ istoriuli Senobis m
Page 248 and 249:
saukuneebis an ufro mogviano Senobe
Page 250 and 251:
Zlier emdurebodnen 1860-1869 wlebSi
Page 252 and 253:
paraviCinisa da milanis wris ganviT
Page 254 and 255:
yovelgvari gayalbeba unda gamoiricx
Page 256 and 257:
Tanac mas axlo kavSiri hqonda. erTi
Page 258 and 259:
nawilebs, amave regionis sxva Senob
Page 260 and 261:
sapirwonis, funqciiTac. es aseve au
Page 262 and 263:
fon Smidtsa da partinim de grZeldeb
Page 264 and 265:
“Übermensch.” sityvis zogadad
Page 266 and 267:
8.1 alois rigli da “Denkmalkultus
Page 268 and 269:
swert, historischer Wert, gewollter
Page 270 and 271:
1906 wels) rigli daeTanxma mas, rom
Page 272 and 273:
sur. 8.1 diokletianes sasaxle split
Page 274 and 275:
istoriuli teritoriebis mof rT xileb
Page 276 and 277:
kuTriv Tanamedrove stili arsebobs d
Page 278 and 279:
mTavar prob lemad igi miiCnevda kla
Page 280 and 281:
mravalTa pirveli reaqcia imis gancd
Page 282 and 283:
eli aRar iyo. 1943 wels anioldomeni
Page 284 and 285:
modificirebi sa, misi Rirebulebis a
Page 286 and 287:
fiasa da istoriografias mieqca, ise
Page 288 and 289:
aseTi instrumentis an sagnis, mag.,
Page 290 and 291:
Tanaxmad idea lu ri rekonstruqciis
Page 292 and 293:
ucabedi Sedegebi moitanos. mxatvrul
Page 294 and 295:
imis gaTvalis winebiT, rom xelovneb
Page 296 and 297:
(Brandi, 1992b:368; ix. agreTve Jon
Page 298 and 299:
viT dajgufeba-dacalkevebas, aq kedl
Page 300 and 301:
suliyo. aseTi damuSaveba xelosnuri
Page 302 and 303:
swrafad ganviTareba di sfero, romel
Page 304 and 305:
sur. 9.2 maias droindeli qalaq uqsm
Page 306 and 307:
saerTaSoriso zegavlena da TanamSrom
Page 308 and 309:
leonis sakaTedro taZari ise iyo dan
Page 310 and 311:
ideebma gamoZaxili XIX sauku nis Su
Page 312 and 313:
laus zetervals (1831-1907 ww.) daek
Page 314 and 315:
meti sivrce Seqm ni li yo, mravali
Page 316 and 317:
9.1.3 aRmosavleT evropa meore msofl
Page 318 and 319:
sur. 9.13 omis dros dazianebuli kro
Page 320 and 321:
saerTaSoriso zegavlena da TanamSrom
Page 322 and 323:
1960-iani wlebis Sua xanidan 1970-i
Page 324 and 325:
pirveli organo iyo. pirveli kanoni
Page 326 and 327:
(g) sur. 9.22 (a) arqeologiuri teri
Page 328 and 329:
xilva da maTi mxardaWera da kvleviT
Page 330 and 331:
uilYamsburgis magaliTma mniSvnelova
Page 332 and 333:
lis Seqmna 284 . es saxelmZRvanelo
Page 334 and 335:
`reabilitaciis~ koncefcias, romelic
Page 336 and 337:
1836-41 wlebSi bisotunSi da 1851-53
Page 338 and 339:
sur. 9.30 Sorenkecebis tradiciuli m
Page 340 and 341:
arsebuli erTeule bis reorganizacia
Page 342 and 343:
dacvisa da restavraci is pirveli na
Page 344 and 345:
a mainc tardeba, Zala da ener gia a
Page 346 and 347:
sxva mizezebis gamo, Senobebi, maT
Page 348 and 349:
iyo. amis erTi axsna agrarul sazoga
Page 350 and 351:
formebs da gamoxatvis xilul, Tu uxi
Page 352 and 353:
aJebis dacvaSi Tavdacvis saministro
Page 354 and 355:
Tavdapirveli fragmentebi TavTavianT
Page 356 and 357:
uni versitetisTvis gadasacemad iqna
Page 358 and 359:
adamianTa sicocxlis da qonebis didm
Page 360 and 361:
traliis iComos-is mier 1979 wels da
Page 362 and 363:
sur. 9.46 spontanurad gaSenebuli `j
Page 364 and 365:
gracias niSnavs; es ki mo i T xovs
Page 366 and 367:
kur konteqstTan maTi mimarTebiT, av
Page 368 and 369:
maritobas gamokveTs. am Tvalsazrisi
Page 370 and 371:
obis gan sazRvreba memkvidreobis ob
Page 372 and 373:
eb, maTi kon servaciisTvis sa Wiro
Page 374 and 375:
10.2 ganxorcielebuli zegavlena saer
Page 376 and 377:
kuri swraf va, romelTaTvis restavra
Page 378 and 379:
mqone da sarwmuno dokumentacias dam
Page 380 and 381:
IV saukune XVI saukune restavraciam
Page 382 and 383:
fineTis laplandiis sodan ki las Zve
Page 384 and 385:
sur. 10.11 efesoSi (TurqeTi) adgilz
Page 386 and 387:
Tos. arsebuli fragmen tebis wardgen
Page 388 and 389:
a da teqnikuri Carevis ise Camal va
Page 390 and 391:
Zirs uTxris qalaquri kvartalebisa d
Page 392 and 393:
ls, romelSic istoriuli komponentebi
Page 394 and 395:
ebs ekisreboda, axla aseTi viTareba
Page 396 and 397:
Ceuli bibliografia kulturuli memkvi
Page 398 and 399:
Ceuli bibliografia 397 Beltrami, L.
Page 400 and 401:
Brandi, C. 1991. Celso o della Poes
Page 402 and 403:
Clark, K. 1974. The Gothic Revival,
Page 404 and 405:
Del Bufalo. A. 1982. Gustavo Giovan
Page 406 and 407:
in das erste Drittels des 20. Jahrh
Page 408 and 409:
Giovannoni, G. 1996. Dal capitello
Page 410 and 411:
Ceuli bibliografia 409 Hosmer, C.B.
Page 412 and 413:
Kadatz, H-J. 1981. “Karl Friedric
Page 414 and 415:
Lucangeli, C. 1845. Il Colosseo di
Page 416 and 417:
Morris, W. 1877. The Decorative Art
Page 418 and 419:
Ceuli bibliografia 417 Pevsner, N.
Page 420 and 421:
RIBA, 1865. Conservation of Ancient
Page 422 and 423:
Ceuli bibliografia 421 Schreiner, L
Page 424 and 425:
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1
Page 426 and 427:
Viollet-le-Duc, E. 1875. On Restora
Page 428 and 429:
Ceuli periodika Αvαγκε (Anagke
Page 430 and 431:
ainzidelis fon, grafi (von Einsidel
Page 432 and 433:
aumgarteni aleqsander gotlib (Baumg
Page 434 and 435:
angelo) _ 42, 43, 49, 52, 55, 56, 5
Page 436 and 437:
_ 108, 110, 111, 112, 120 (kamil ba
Page 438 and 439:
erayi (Iraq) _ 374, 382, 384 erdmad
Page 440 and 441:
vitale jiovan franCesko (Vitale, Gi
Page 442 and 443:
kampania (Campania) _ 276 kamporezi
Page 444 and 445:
peror) _ 18, 19, 43 konstantinopoli
Page 446 and 447:
lYqsemburgi (Luxembourg) _ 12 lobko
Page 448 and 449:
maqsime, filosofosi (Maximus, Philo
Page 450 and 451:
ninevia (Ninevite) _ 217 nicSe frid
Page 452 and 453:
parizi, sen-Jermen-de-preze (Paris,
Page 454 and 455:
221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228,
Page 456 and 457:
omi, markus avreliusis sveti (Rome,
Page 458 and 459:
ubiani alfonso (Rubbiani, Alfonso)
Page 460 and 461:
stYuarti jeimz (Stuart, James) _ 72
Page 462 and 463:
uqsmali (Uxmal) _ 302, 303 favreto
Page 464 and 465:
SvedeTi (Sweden) _ 23, 34, 63, 67,
Page 466:
helsinki (Helsinki) _ 12, 313 helbe
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arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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