arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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aseTi midgoma _ istoriuli Senobis mxatvruli ieris aRdgenisa misi istoriuli da arqeologiuri Rirebulebebis xarjze, restavraciaSi ìstoriuli skolis~ gacxadeba unda yofiliyo. `modernistuli skola~ ki piriqiT, cdilobda Senobis istoriuli mTlianoba SeenarCunebina. ro ca danamatebi saWiro xdeboda, es unda gakeTebuliyo amd- Revandeli sti lis Sesabamisad, uilYam morisisa da kamilo boitos midgomis Sesatyvi sad. sirTule is iyo, rom bevrs ar sjeroda, Tuki arsebobda raime, rasac `Tanamedrove stili~ SeiZleba ewodos! doqtori kornelius gurli ti drezdenidan darwmunebuli iyo, rom momavali Taobebi kritikulad miudgebian im ngrevas, rac stilis saxeliT gakeTda XIX saukuneSi. igi gansakuTrebiT wuxda im SemTxvevebis gamo, roca Zveli nawarmoebi Seswo rebul iqna restavraciisas, raTa `sruliad swori~ gamxdariyo. garda imisa, rom ganadgurebul iqna àunazRaurebeli erovnuli mniSvnelobis Ri rebulebani~, restavratorebis wyalobiT ramdenadme gaurkveveli gaxda, konservacia 245 `Tu ramdenadaa isini marTlac saTayvano Zeglebi da ramdenad _ XIX sau kunis nawarmoebebi!~ igi aRniSnavda, rom aqamde naklebad iyo mcdeloba Cveni dRevandelobis gamoxatvisa restavraciaSi da amgvari ram ar unda iyos dasacini. 229 7.5.5. dehio sur. 7.11. haidelbergis cixe-darbazis ezo, romelic sarestavracio kamaTis sagani gaxda XIX s-is miwurulSi. marcxniv Cans cnobili ottheinrichsbau. 1901 wels seminaris erT-erTi Tema iyo haidelbergis cixe-darbazis axlad SemoTavazebuli rekonstruqcia, romelic 1891 wels dawunebul iq na komisiis mier. axla am gadawyvetilebis gadasinjva arqiteqtorma karl Seiferma moiTxova, romelic nangrevebad qceul ottheinrichsbau-s agegmarebda. proeqts mxari dauWires misma kolegebma, romlebic aucileblad Tvlid nen am nangrevebis mdgradobis uzrunvelyofas da òriginaluri da brwyi n vale mxatvruli nawarmoebis Seqmnas Zvelebis suliskveTebiT~ (Dehio, 1901:108ff). am proeqts mowinaaR- 229 gurliti trirSi, 1909 wels: von oechelhaeuser, 1910-1913, gv.115.
246 arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria mdegenic gamouCndnen, gansakuTrebiT profesori georg gotfrid dehio (1850-1936 ww.), xelovnebis istorikosi strasburgidan, romlis gvari erTgvar sazogado saxeladac iqca, radgan is iyo istoriuli Senobebis Taobaze sanimuSo saxelmZRvaneloebis seri is avtori da wamomwyebi germanulenovan qveynebSi da germaniaSi Tanamed ro ve sakonservacio midgomis damfuZnebelic. dehiom gaixsena, rom 1891 wels komisiam, xolo 1896 wels haidelbergSi germanuli arqiteqturuli da sainJinro sazogadoebebis generalurma asambleam rekonstruqciis wi na aRmdeg gadawyvetilebebi miiRes. amas marienburgis restavratori, arqiteqtori Stainbrextic ki daTanxmda. arsebul nangrevebs ar gaaCnda kon struq ciuli problemebi da arc sakmarisi dokumentacia iyo warmodgeni li. dehio daJinebiT moiTxovda im principebis dacvas, romlebic mravali wlis gamocdilebis kvalad SemuSavda: `konservacia da mxolod konserva cia! aRdgena mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki konservacia materialurad Se uZlebelia; rac Camovarda, mxolod gansakuTrebul, sagangebo da gansazRvrul garemoebeb- Si SeiZleba aRdges~. 230 SemoTavaze buli rekonstruqcia hi poTeturi iqneboda da disonanss Seqmni da mTels kompleqs- Si. fsiqolo giurad aq Cadebulia Rrmad dasafuZvlebuli moTxovna, rom Zveli unda ga moiyurebodes siZveled, warsulis nakvalevi aCndes, iqneba es naoWebi, bza rebi Tu Wrilobebi. haidelbergis SemTxvevaSi ikargeboda avTenturo ba da miiReboda imitacia, daikargeboda nangrevebi, romlebic xanma gaana c risfra, magram jerac cocxali iyo, sanacvlod ki miiReboda raRac, arc Zveli, arc axali, `mkvdari akademiuri abstraqcia~. dehio darwmunebuli iyo arqiteqtorTa da teqnikosTa ganaTlebis da wvrTnis aucileblobaSi istori- 230 Dehio, 1901:110 ul Senobebze samuSaod. pirvelad es sakiTxi man 1901 wels da Semdeg kvlav 1903 wels wamoWra, da dasva ki T x va, ra aris arqiteqtori da misi damokidebuleba istoriul Senobas Tan. misTvis arqiteqtori nawilobriv teqnikosi iyo, gamoyenebiTi mecnie rebis muSaki, nawilobrivadac xelovani. xolo istoriul Senobaze muSaoba Se moqmeds ki ara, mkvlevar-mecniers moiTxovda. Sesabamisad, mSenebeli-pra q tikosis konservacionistobaze gadasvla adamianis uRrmesi Sinagani ar sebis srul reorientacias iTxovda. es fundamenturi sakiTxi iyo, rad gan arqiteqtura xelovneba iyo, xolo konservacia mTeli misi moTxovne biT da miznebiT _ mecniereba. es ori aspeqti Znelad Tu Seegueboda erT maneTs; konservatori, romelmac gamiznulad ugulebelyo Tavisi Semoqmede biTi temperamenti, yovelTvis rCeboda potenciur safrTxed ZeglisT vis. ufro metic, konservacia ikavebda srul samuSao dros da iTxovda ìs toriuli suliskveTebis srul STawvdomas~, rac mxolod zedmiwevni Ti ganaTlebiT miiRweoda _ ojaxidan dawyebuli (Dehio, 1901: 17). arsebi Tad, ganaTleba da wvrTna vrclad iqna ganxiluli yvela donesTan mima r TebiT, pirveldawyebiTi da saSualo skolebiT dawyebuli da universite te biT damTavrebuli, sxvadasxva disciplinis, saxelovno da saxelosno skolebis, politeqnikuri da arqeologiuri fakultetebis gaTvaliswine biT. 7.6. konservaciuli moZraoba italiaSi Tumca mravalricxovan mogzaurTa wyalobiT (SatobrianiT dawyebu li da viole-le-dYukiTa da raskiniT damTavrebuli) italielebs ar akl daT kavSiri centralur evropasa da inglisTan, mainc SedarebiT didi dro dasWirda Sua
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arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Y
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mTargmnelTagan winamdebare wigni Ze
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5. romantizmis xana ...............
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ganfenilobis Jams. am kon teqstsa d
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seriis redaqtorebis winasityvaoba a
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avtorebs Sesabamisi sferos aRiarebu
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sa Cemi xelnaweris wakiTxvisTvis, x
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1.1. winandeli midgoma istoriuli na
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sur. 1.3. darius didis akldama (Zv.
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li da Senaxuli iyo, viTarca saxsova
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Seqspiris nawarmoebebSi amoikiTxavT
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maSinac, Tiku igi nangrevebadaa qce
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sadmi da mamisa Zisadmi: `da aswavl
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aramed arse bul garemoebaTa interpr
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da ramdenime saukuniT uswrebs win e
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axleburi, anti kurisgan gansxvavebu
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jo vazaris “vite dei piu eccelent
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turi RvTaebrivi Rirebulebebis rwmen
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simZlavriT SeuZliaT maT erTmaneTi w
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dom Tavis `roma instaurata~-Si (144
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da maT fass mcire SeZlebis koleqcio
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xolo gveli, TiTqos, mamis mar j ven
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`De re aedificatoria~, laTinurad 14
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magaliTebi mas yvela droisa moaqvs
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afaeli da miqelanjelo _ did Za li s
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sur. 2.4. rimini, `tempio maletesti
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im axa li didebuli aRmSeneblobisTvi
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maT politikur mniSvnelobas. Sesabam
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1561-66 wlebSi Seiqmna da vazaris m
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gaakeTes. ieris gasamarTleblad svet
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sur. 2.7. papma urban VIII barberin
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Suasaukunovani eklesiebis, santa kr
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60 ww.) Senoba sul gaubedurda: kama
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lavT Zvel gamZle sazogadoebriv nage
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3 ganmanaTleblobis xana ganmanaTleb
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`di le tan tebis sazogadoebas~. Tav
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lili, rom suraTebis naxe va ri teni
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vaweobda (mag., YorkSiris qasl houa
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sofos-mwerlis, gamomcemlisa da krit
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lo maratas (1625-1713 ww.) Catarebu
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Catarebaa saWiro. suraTebis daziane
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sur. 3.2. `herkulaneli asulis~ anti
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xSirad kvlav avsebdnen; pompeaSi zo
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TvalSi Tavadac gansakuTrebiT mSveni
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frebda, rom swavlulT, visac arqiteq
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unda gaviazroT da misi Tavdapirveli
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SuagulSi aRmarTul iqna arqiteqtor j
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Zgi mieca; napoleonma aseve ganizra
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da konserva cias, romlebic saWiroa
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Ta gamosa fe nad. Semdeg wels iq ga
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is (xelovnebaTa da ZeglTa generalur
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1717, 1726, 1733, 1750). Tumca isin
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kolizeumi, titusis abanoebi da panT
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sur. 4.2. kolizeumi, romi. 1806 wli
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klasikuri Zeglebi 109 sur. 4.4. kap
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kapite le bidan, vidre maT adgilze
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drosTan SedarebiT bYujeti Semcirda
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1813 da 1816 wlebSi komitetebma rek
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klasikuri Zeglebi 117 sur. 4.9. kol
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Ra igi masalaSi gansxvavebas kidev
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libebdnen. maTi meTaurebi, grafi ka
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ve Zveli Zeglebis restavra ciis sax
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saberZneTSi emogzauraT. garkveuli k
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gamo Ce nili ùmniSvnelo naSTebis~
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eTi da aRmosavleTi mxridan ar qitra
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5.1. goTuri aRorZineba da inglisis
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`cxra trapezis kapelis~ koSkurebi d
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goTur stils iyenebda. 118 1791 wels
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arqiteqturas da miiCnevda, rom seli
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qveynda. ga r da amisa, man gamosca
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laruli gaxda, arqiteqtorebs naklebi
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gadaxurva uindzorSi gadaetanaT, Tum
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5.4. romantizmi da Sua saukuneebis
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debda mkiTxvelebs yuradReba miaqcio
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ekle sie biTa da TeatrebiT (Pundt,
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urgi dakavSi re buli iyo germanuli
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omantizmis epoqa 153 sur. 5.6. kYol
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5.5.2. marienburgi 1794 wels, roca
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lursma da papis bula dawva. maSin r
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niSnavs uzarmazari Tanxebis daxarjv
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sakurTxevlis kamaris centraluri ner
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siaSi (von Quast, 1837/1977). igi n
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tvruli Rirebuleba. iq, sadac ufro g
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memkvidreobas, qva-qva daSlas aclid
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sCans; igi gulisyuriT ekideboda ara
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naxevari Tve gagrZelda da safrangeT
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6 stilisturi restavracia XIX saukun
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merime, cxadia, didronis principebs
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Yovi ikribebodnen. eJens xelovnebis
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sur. 6.6. vezeles wm. magdalinas ek
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goTuri kamara aSenebul iqna romanul
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ukeT gaecnobierebina. vidre samuSao
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sur. 6.12. samxreTi koSkis zeda kon
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qiteqtura imdenad msubuqia da imden
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moufiqrebeli qmedebebisTvis~ 182 .
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enebuliyo. 186 wylisgadamyvani sist
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meore mxriv, Tu mogviano SekeTebebm
Page 196 and 197: Tumca zogi `Teoretikosi arqeologi~,
Page 198 and 199: igi iq 1858-dan 1870 wlamde muSa ob
Page 200 and 201: yvela nawilis misi sakuTari formiT
Page 202 and 203: Semdgomi aqtiu ri faza. jon louboro
Page 204 and 205: aRadgines, qanda ke bebi Tavdapirve
Page 206 and 207: sur. 6.23. ser j. j. skotma daaproe
Page 208 and 209: sabameboda arqiteqtoris ganzraxvas.
Page 210 and 211: vaSi `damaxasiaTebeli an stilisturi
Page 212 and 213: sur. 6.25. florenciis kaTedralis mT
Page 214 and 215: obiT~ muSaobda (Buscioni, 1981:9).
Page 216 and 217: omlis maxvili mzera da mware kalami
Page 218 and 219: siyva ru li da amisTanani. misi gar
Page 220 and 221: Tumca es saxlebi dasaxlebuli iyo er
Page 222 and 223: maSin roca klasikuri qandake baSi _
Page 224 and 225: wyinvale didebulebis Taviseburi xas
Page 226 and 227: cielebas mcire dakveTiT da ara erTi
Page 228 and 229: da amtkicebda, rom rogori aRmoCeneb
Page 230 and 231: xarobdes Tavisi SromiT da rom, rac
Page 232 and 233: ise, TiTqos saxifaTod gamokidebulia
Page 234 and 235: mieRo istoriuli Zeglebis movla-patr
Page 236 and 237: alanosma misi winamorbedebis (rosis
Page 238 and 239: scilda. bastionis dasavleT fasadze,
Page 240 and 241: XVII saukuneTa marienkirxes inte ri
Page 242 and 243: omelic mxolod calmxriv fanatizms mo
Page 244 and 245: erfoni napoleon III-is `neronul fan
Page 248 and 249: saukuneebis an ufro mogviano Senobe
Page 250 and 251: Zlier emdurebodnen 1860-1869 wlebSi
Page 252 and 253: paraviCinisa da milanis wris ganviT
Page 254 and 255: yovelgvari gayalbeba unda gamoiricx
Page 256 and 257: Tanac mas axlo kavSiri hqonda. erTi
Page 258 and 259: nawilebs, amave regionis sxva Senob
Page 260 and 261: sapirwonis, funqciiTac. es aseve au
Page 262 and 263: fon Smidtsa da partinim de grZeldeb
Page 264 and 265: “Übermensch.” sityvis zogadad
Page 266 and 267: 8.1 alois rigli da “Denkmalkultus
Page 268 and 269: swert, historischer Wert, gewollter
Page 270 and 271: 1906 wels) rigli daeTanxma mas, rom
Page 272 and 273: sur. 8.1 diokletianes sasaxle split
Page 274 and 275: istoriuli teritoriebis mof rT xileb
Page 276 and 277: kuTriv Tanamedrove stili arsebobs d
Page 278 and 279: mTavar prob lemad igi miiCnevda kla
Page 280 and 281: mravalTa pirveli reaqcia imis gancd
Page 282 and 283: eli aRar iyo. 1943 wels anioldomeni
Page 284 and 285: modificirebi sa, misi Rirebulebis a
Page 286 and 287: fiasa da istoriografias mieqca, ise
Page 288 and 289: aseTi instrumentis an sagnis, mag.,
Page 290 and 291: Tanaxmad idea lu ri rekonstruqciis
Page 292 and 293: ucabedi Sedegebi moitanos. mxatvrul
Page 294 and 295: imis gaTvalis winebiT, rom xelovneb
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(Brandi, 1992b:368; ix. agreTve Jon
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viT dajgufeba-dacalkevebas, aq kedl
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suliyo. aseTi damuSaveba xelosnuri
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swrafad ganviTareba di sfero, romel
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sur. 9.2 maias droindeli qalaq uqsm
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saerTaSoriso zegavlena da TanamSrom
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leonis sakaTedro taZari ise iyo dan
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ideebma gamoZaxili XIX sauku nis Su
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laus zetervals (1831-1907 ww.) daek
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meti sivrce Seqm ni li yo, mravali
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9.1.3 aRmosavleT evropa meore msofl
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sur. 9.13 omis dros dazianebuli kro
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saerTaSoriso zegavlena da TanamSrom
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1960-iani wlebis Sua xanidan 1970-i
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pirveli organo iyo. pirveli kanoni
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(g) sur. 9.22 (a) arqeologiuri teri
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xilva da maTi mxardaWera da kvleviT
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uilYamsburgis magaliTma mniSvnelova
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lis Seqmna 284 . es saxelmZRvanelo
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`reabilitaciis~ koncefcias, romelic
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1836-41 wlebSi bisotunSi da 1851-53
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sur. 9.30 Sorenkecebis tradiciuli m
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arsebuli erTeule bis reorganizacia
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dacvisa da restavraci is pirveli na
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a mainc tardeba, Zala da ener gia a
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sxva mizezebis gamo, Senobebi, maT
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iyo. amis erTi axsna agrarul sazoga
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formebs da gamoxatvis xilul, Tu uxi
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aJebis dacvaSi Tavdacvis saministro
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Tavdapirveli fragmentebi TavTavianT
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uni versitetisTvis gadasacemad iqna
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adamianTa sicocxlis da qonebis didm
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traliis iComos-is mier 1979 wels da
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sur. 9.46 spontanurad gaSenebuli `j
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gracias niSnavs; es ki mo i T xovs
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kur konteqstTan maTi mimarTebiT, av
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maritobas gamokveTs. am Tvalsazrisi
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obis gan sazRvreba memkvidreobis ob
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eb, maTi kon servaciisTvis sa Wiro
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10.2 ganxorcielebuli zegavlena saer
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kuri swraf va, romelTaTvis restavra
Page 378 and 379:
mqone da sarwmuno dokumentacias dam
Page 380 and 381:
IV saukune XVI saukune restavraciam
Page 382 and 383:
fineTis laplandiis sodan ki las Zve
Page 384 and 385:
sur. 10.11 efesoSi (TurqeTi) adgilz
Page 386 and 387:
Tos. arsebuli fragmen tebis wardgen
Page 388 and 389:
a da teqnikuri Carevis ise Camal va
Page 390 and 391:
Zirs uTxris qalaquri kvartalebisa d
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ls, romelSic istoriuli komponentebi
Page 394 and 395:
ebs ekisreboda, axla aseTi viTareba
Page 396 and 397:
Ceuli bibliografia kulturuli memkvi
Page 398 and 399:
Ceuli bibliografia 397 Beltrami, L.
Page 400 and 401:
Brandi, C. 1991. Celso o della Poes
Page 402 and 403:
Clark, K. 1974. The Gothic Revival,
Page 404 and 405:
Del Bufalo. A. 1982. Gustavo Giovan
Page 406 and 407:
in das erste Drittels des 20. Jahrh
Page 408 and 409:
Giovannoni, G. 1996. Dal capitello
Page 410 and 411:
Ceuli bibliografia 409 Hosmer, C.B.
Page 412 and 413:
Kadatz, H-J. 1981. “Karl Friedric
Page 414 and 415:
Lucangeli, C. 1845. Il Colosseo di
Page 416 and 417:
Morris, W. 1877. The Decorative Art
Page 418 and 419:
Ceuli bibliografia 417 Pevsner, N.
Page 420 and 421:
RIBA, 1865. Conservation of Ancient
Page 422 and 423:
Ceuli bibliografia 421 Schreiner, L
Page 424 and 425:
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1
Page 426 and 427:
Viollet-le-Duc, E. 1875. On Restora
Page 428 and 429:
Ceuli periodika Αvαγκε (Anagke
Page 430 and 431:
ainzidelis fon, grafi (von Einsidel
Page 432 and 433:
aumgarteni aleqsander gotlib (Baumg
Page 434 and 435:
angelo) _ 42, 43, 49, 52, 55, 56, 5
Page 436 and 437:
_ 108, 110, 111, 112, 120 (kamil ba
Page 438 and 439:
erayi (Iraq) _ 374, 382, 384 erdmad
Page 440 and 441:
vitale jiovan franCesko (Vitale, Gi
Page 442 and 443:
kampania (Campania) _ 276 kamporezi
Page 444 and 445:
peror) _ 18, 19, 43 konstantinopoli
Page 446 and 447:
lYqsemburgi (Luxembourg) _ 12 lobko
Page 448 and 449:
maqsime, filosofosi (Maximus, Philo
Page 450 and 451:
ninevia (Ninevite) _ 217 nicSe frid
Page 452 and 453:
parizi, sen-Jermen-de-preze (Paris,
Page 454 and 455:
221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228,
Page 456 and 457:
omi, markus avreliusis sveti (Rome,
Page 458 and 459:
ubiani alfonso (Rubbiani, Alfonso)
Page 460 and 461:
stYuarti jeimz (Stuart, James) _ 72
Page 462 and 463:
uqsmali (Uxmal) _ 302, 303 favreto
Page 464 and 465:
SvedeTi (Sweden) _ 23, 34, 63, 67,
Page 466:
helsinki (Helsinki) _ 12, 313 helbe
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arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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