arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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9.1.3 aRmosavleT evropa meore msoflio omis Semdgom periodSi evropis gayofis Sedegad, aRmosavleT nawilSi e.w. socialisturi banaki Seiqmna. miuxedavad imisa, rom kulturuli memkvidreobis usafrTxoebis istoriuli safuZvlebi igive iyo, kontinentis axalma politikurma viTarebam am regionis qvey nebs gansakuTrebuli pirobebi moaxvia Tavs, ramac didi gavlena iqonia maT strategiaze. da mainc, maT Soris gansxvaveba rCeboda, sxvadasxva xa l xis kultura ki axali sistemis pirobebSic igrZnoboda. uSualod omis Semdeg, politikis generaluri xazi rekonstruqcia da ekonomikuri gan vi- Tareba iyo, rac, ZiriTadad, samrewvelo warmoebas emyareboda. tradiciu li teq nologia nakleb prioritetuli iyo da mas, ZiriTadad, soflis raionebSi da istoriuli Zeglebis SekeTebisas Tu dauSvebdnen. socialisturi qveynebidan poloneTi gansakuTrebiT amayobda Tavisi kulturuli memkvidreobis mofrTxilebiT, rac dangreuli istoriuli qala qebis centrebis (mag., varSava, gdanski) rekonstruqciisa da aRdgenis Tvis saswrafod miRe bul zomebSi gamoixateboda. aRsaniSnavia, rom es ero v nuli Zalisxmeva saTanadod iqna dafasebuli 1980 wels varSavis, ro gorc poloneli xalxis erovnuli identobis gamoxatulebis universal ri Rirebulebis gamo, unEsCo-s msoflio memkvidreobis nusxaSi SetaniT. poloneli specialistebi aqtiurad moRvaweobdnen saer- TaSoriso asparez zec _ stanislav lorenci iComos-is erT-erTi damaarsebeli iyo; garda amisa, poloneTi is qveyanaa, sadac iComos-i 1965 wels dafuZnda. aseTi mo R vaweobis Sedegad poloneTma eqspertis sa xe li daimkvidra restavraciis teqnologiaSi, rasac sxva socialistur qveynebSi da sxva kontinen teb zec saerTaSoriso zegavlena da TanamSromloba 315 ki saeqsportod iyenebdnen. menejmentis erovnuli struqtura cen t ralizacias emyareboda, im modelis mixedviT, rac am regionSi yvelgan gamoiyeneboda. ZiriTadi sazrunavi aRricxuli Zeglebi iyo, mag., eklesie bi, sasaxleebi da cixe-simagreebi. dacvis strategiis umniSvnelovanes na wils istoriuli nagebobebisTvis socialurad Sesaferisi gamoyenebis ga mo Zebna Seadgenda; Sedegad, eklesiebi sakoncerto darbazebad an muzeume bad, xolo cixe-simagreebi ki muSaTaTvis dasasvenebel saxlebad gadakeT de boda. amave dros, Cveulebrivi sacxovrebeli saxlebi mouvleli da Se u keTebeli iyo, nawilobriv finansuri saxsrebis naklebobis, nawilobriv ki industriuli warmoebisTvis miniWebuli upiratesobisa da tradiciu li masalebis uqonlobis gamo. meore msoflio omis Semdeg mTeli germania qalaqebis aRdgenis prob lemis winaSe dadga (Beyme et al., 1992). germaniis demokratiuli respub li kis SemTxvevaSi, marto aRdgenis problema rodi idga, igi `idealuri sazogado e bis~ Seqmnis `sacdel proeqtad~ iyo miCneuli. am sqemis nawils warsu lis fesvebis mokveTis mcdeloba warmoadgenda; erTerTi Sedegi amisa po li tikurad mniSvnelovani istoriuli arealebis (mag., berlinis samefo ci xe-simagre da laipcigis centri) ganadgureba iyo. miuxedavad amisa, mo saxleoba spontanurad lamobda, ezruna istoriul nagebobebze, ris maga liTs warmoadgens naumburgis sakaTedro taZris taqtiani SekeTe ba taZ ris ve arqiteqtor ernst Subertis xelmZRvanelobiT, Tumca, sac xov re be li saxlebi jer kidev nangrevebad idga. hans nadleri, saqso niis regio nis Denkmalpfleger (istoriuli Zeglebis mcveli), aseve ibrZoda, raTa daec va meore msoflio omis bolos yumbarebiT ganadgu rebuli drezdenis is toriuli centris ZiriTadi Taviseburebani. es gulisxmobda yo-
316 arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria sur. 9.11 naumburgis sakaTedro taZari seriozulad dazianda meore msoflio omis dros. kamarebi aRadgines sakaTedro taZris arqiteqtoris, e. Su be r tis xelmZRvanelo biT. feradovani gamisTvis monacrisfro tonebi SeirCa (`Su be r tis nacrisferi~) fil Zvel sagamyidvloSi frauenkirxes nangrevebis `gayinvas~ rekonstruqciis molo din Si, romelsac mxolod 50 wlis Semdeg Seudgnen. mogvianebiT, Tavdapir veli akrZalva istoriuli Senobebis Taobaze aRar ganxorcielebula da Seda re biT mcire Institut für Denkmalpfleges (ZeglTa dacvis instituts), lYudvig daitersis xelmZRvanelobiT, daekisra pasuxismgebloba qveynis mniSvne lo van monumentur memkvidreobaze. ruseTi evropidan aziamdea gadaWimuli da aRmosavlur da dasav lur zegavlenaTa erTobliobas warmoqmnis. misi kultura yovelTvis xa si aT deboda dRevandlamde moRweul tradiciebsa da miTebTan Serwymuli Rrma sulierebiT. reliqviebis Tayvaniscema yovelTvis iyo am tradicie bis nawili, rac xSirad xdeboda wminda adgilebze axali taZris agebis mi zezi. msgavsi interesis gamovlena iyo 1820 wels, kievis pirveli saka Tedro taZris, dimes adgilze arqeologiuri gaTxrebis Catarebis pirve li cdebi. gansakuTrebuli Zalisxmeva das- Wirda imas, rom pativiscemiT ara marto X saukunis eklesiis simbolurobas, aramed mis formasac moh kidebodnen. am sur. 9.12 1980-ian wlebSi drezdenis zemper opera aRadgines. misi foie fera do v nebis sruli rekonstruqciis nimuSia, romelic gulda gul saarqivo da save le kvlevas emyareba, iseve rogorc es ramdenjerme momxdara restavraciisas germaniis yofil demokratiul respublikaSi
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arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Y
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mTargmnelTagan winamdebare wigni Ze
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5. romantizmis xana ...............
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ganfenilobis Jams. am kon teqstsa d
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seriis redaqtorebis winasityvaoba a
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avtorebs Sesabamisi sferos aRiarebu
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sa Cemi xelnaweris wakiTxvisTvis, x
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1.1. winandeli midgoma istoriuli na
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sur. 1.3. darius didis akldama (Zv.
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li da Senaxuli iyo, viTarca saxsova
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Seqspiris nawarmoebebSi amoikiTxavT
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maSinac, Tiku igi nangrevebadaa qce
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sadmi da mamisa Zisadmi: `da aswavl
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aramed arse bul garemoebaTa interpr
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da ramdenime saukuniT uswrebs win e
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axleburi, anti kurisgan gansxvavebu
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jo vazaris “vite dei piu eccelent
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turi RvTaebrivi Rirebulebebis rwmen
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simZlavriT SeuZliaT maT erTmaneTi w
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dom Tavis `roma instaurata~-Si (144
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da maT fass mcire SeZlebis koleqcio
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xolo gveli, TiTqos, mamis mar j ven
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`De re aedificatoria~, laTinurad 14
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magaliTebi mas yvela droisa moaqvs
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afaeli da miqelanjelo _ did Za li s
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sur. 2.4. rimini, `tempio maletesti
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im axa li didebuli aRmSeneblobisTvi
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maT politikur mniSvnelobas. Sesabam
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1561-66 wlebSi Seiqmna da vazaris m
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gaakeTes. ieris gasamarTleblad svet
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sur. 2.7. papma urban VIII barberin
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Suasaukunovani eklesiebis, santa kr
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60 ww.) Senoba sul gaubedurda: kama
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lavT Zvel gamZle sazogadoebriv nage
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3 ganmanaTleblobis xana ganmanaTleb
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`di le tan tebis sazogadoebas~. Tav
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lili, rom suraTebis naxe va ri teni
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vaweobda (mag., YorkSiris qasl houa
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sofos-mwerlis, gamomcemlisa da krit
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lo maratas (1625-1713 ww.) Catarebu
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Catarebaa saWiro. suraTebis daziane
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sur. 3.2. `herkulaneli asulis~ anti
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xSirad kvlav avsebdnen; pompeaSi zo
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TvalSi Tavadac gansakuTrebiT mSveni
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frebda, rom swavlulT, visac arqiteq
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unda gaviazroT da misi Tavdapirveli
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SuagulSi aRmarTul iqna arqiteqtor j
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Zgi mieca; napoleonma aseve ganizra
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da konserva cias, romlebic saWiroa
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Ta gamosa fe nad. Semdeg wels iq ga
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is (xelovnebaTa da ZeglTa generalur
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1717, 1726, 1733, 1750). Tumca isin
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kolizeumi, titusis abanoebi da panT
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sur. 4.2. kolizeumi, romi. 1806 wli
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klasikuri Zeglebi 109 sur. 4.4. kap
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kapite le bidan, vidre maT adgilze
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drosTan SedarebiT bYujeti Semcirda
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1813 da 1816 wlebSi komitetebma rek
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klasikuri Zeglebi 117 sur. 4.9. kol
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Ra igi masalaSi gansxvavebas kidev
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libebdnen. maTi meTaurebi, grafi ka
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ve Zveli Zeglebis restavra ciis sax
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saberZneTSi emogzauraT. garkveuli k
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gamo Ce nili `umniSvnelo naSTebis~
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eTi da aRmosavleTi mxridan ar qitra
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5.1. goTuri aRorZineba da inglisis
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`cxra trapezis kapelis~ koSkurebi d
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goTur stils iyenebda. 118 1791 wels
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arqiteqturas da miiCnevda, rom seli
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qveynda. ga r da amisa, man gamosca
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laruli gaxda, arqiteqtorebs naklebi
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gadaxurva uindzorSi gadaetanaT, Tum
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5.4. romantizmi da Sua saukuneebis
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debda mkiTxvelebs yuradReba miaqcio
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ekle sie biTa da TeatrebiT (Pundt,
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urgi dakavSi re buli iyo germanuli
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omantizmis epoqa 153 sur. 5.6. kYol
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5.5.2. marienburgi 1794 wels, roca
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lursma da papis bula dawva. maSin r
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niSnavs uzarmazari Tanxebis daxarjv
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sakurTxevlis kamaris centraluri ner
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siaSi (von Quast, 1837/1977). igi n
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tvruli Rirebuleba. iq, sadac ufro g
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memkvidreobas, qva-qva daSlas aclid
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sCans; igi gulisyuriT ekideboda ara
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naxevari Tve gagrZelda da safrangeT
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6 stilisturi restavracia XIX saukun
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merime, cxadia, didronis principebs
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Yovi ikribebodnen. eJens xelovnebis
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sur. 6.6. vezeles wm. magdalinas ek
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goTuri kamara aSenebul iqna romanul
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ukeT gaecnobierebina. vidre samuSao
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sur. 6.12. samxreTi koSkis zeda kon
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qiteqtura imdenad msubuqia da imden
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moufiqrebeli qmedebebisTvis~ 182 .
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enebuliyo. 186 wylisgadamyvani sist
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meore mxriv, Tu mogviano SekeTebebm
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Tumca zogi `Teoretikosi arqeologi~,
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igi iq 1858-dan 1870 wlamde muSa ob
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yvela nawilis misi sakuTari formiT
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Semdgomi aqtiu ri faza. jon louboro
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aRadgines, qanda ke bebi Tavdapirve
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sur. 6.23. ser j. j. skotma daaproe
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sabameboda arqiteqtoris ganzraxvas.
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vaSi `damaxasiaTebeli an stilisturi
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sur. 6.25. florenciis kaTedralis mT
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obiT~ muSaobda (Buscioni, 1981:9).
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omlis maxvili mzera da mware kalami
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siyva ru li da amisTanani. misi gar
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Tumca es saxlebi dasaxlebuli iyo er
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maSin roca klasikuri qandake baSi _
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wyinvale didebulebis Taviseburi xas
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cielebas mcire dakveTiT da ara erTi
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da amtkicebda, rom rogori aRmoCeneb
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xarobdes Tavisi SromiT da rom, rac
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ise, TiTqos saxifaTod gamokidebulia
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mieRo istoriuli Zeglebis movla-patr
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alanosma misi winamorbedebis (rosis
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scilda. bastionis dasavleT fasadze,
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XVII saukuneTa marienkirxes inte ri
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omelic mxolod calmxriv fanatizms mo
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erfoni napoleon III-is `neronul fan
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aseTi midgoma _ istoriuli Senobis m
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saukuneebis an ufro mogviano Senobe
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Zlier emdurebodnen 1860-1869 wlebSi
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paraviCinisa da milanis wris ganviT
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yovelgvari gayalbeba unda gamoiricx
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Tanac mas axlo kavSiri hqonda. erTi
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nawilebs, amave regionis sxva Senob
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sapirwonis, funqciiTac. es aseve au
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fon Smidtsa da partinim de grZeldeb
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“Übermensch.” sityvis zogadad
Page 266 and 267: 8.1 alois rigli da “Denkmalkultus
Page 268 and 269: swert, historischer Wert, gewollter
Page 270 and 271: 1906 wels) rigli daeTanxma mas, rom
Page 272 and 273: sur. 8.1 diokletianes sasaxle split
Page 274 and 275: istoriuli teritoriebis mof rT xileb
Page 276 and 277: kuTriv Tanamedrove stili arsebobs d
Page 278 and 279: mTavar prob lemad igi miiCnevda kla
Page 280 and 281: mravalTa pirveli reaqcia imis gancd
Page 282 and 283: eli aRar iyo. 1943 wels anioldomeni
Page 284 and 285: modificirebi sa, misi Rirebulebis a
Page 286 and 287: fiasa da istoriografias mieqca, ise
Page 288 and 289: aseTi instrumentis an sagnis, mag.,
Page 290 and 291: Tanaxmad idea lu ri rekonstruqciis
Page 292 and 293: ucabedi Sedegebi moitanos. mxatvrul
Page 294 and 295: imis gaTvalis winebiT, rom xelovneb
Page 296 and 297: (Brandi, 1992b:368; ix. agreTve Jon
Page 298 and 299: viT dajgufeba-dacalkevebas, aq kedl
Page 300 and 301: suliyo. aseTi damuSaveba xelosnuri
Page 302 and 303: swrafad ganviTareba di sfero, romel
Page 304 and 305: sur. 9.2 maias droindeli qalaq uqsm
Page 306 and 307: saerTaSoriso zegavlena da TanamSrom
Page 308 and 309: leonis sakaTedro taZari ise iyo dan
Page 310 and 311: ideebma gamoZaxili XIX sauku nis Su
Page 312 and 313: laus zetervals (1831-1907 ww.) daek
Page 314 and 315: meti sivrce Seqm ni li yo, mravali
Page 318 and 319: sur. 9.13 omis dros dazianebuli kro
Page 320 and 321: saerTaSoriso zegavlena da TanamSrom
Page 322 and 323: 1960-iani wlebis Sua xanidan 1970-i
Page 324 and 325: pirveli organo iyo. pirveli kanoni
Page 326 and 327: (g) sur. 9.22 (a) arqeologiuri teri
Page 328 and 329: xilva da maTi mxardaWera da kvleviT
Page 330 and 331: uilYamsburgis magaliTma mniSvnelova
Page 332 and 333: lis Seqmna 284 . es saxelmZRvanelo
Page 334 and 335: `reabilitaciis~ koncefcias, romelic
Page 336 and 337: 1836-41 wlebSi bisotunSi da 1851-53
Page 338 and 339: sur. 9.30 Sorenkecebis tradiciuli m
Page 340 and 341: arsebuli erTeule bis reorganizacia
Page 342 and 343: dacvisa da restavraci is pirveli na
Page 344 and 345: a mainc tardeba, Zala da ener gia a
Page 346 and 347: sxva mizezebis gamo, Senobebi, maT
Page 348 and 349: iyo. amis erTi axsna agrarul sazoga
Page 350 and 351: formebs da gamoxatvis xilul, Tu uxi
Page 352 and 353: aJebis dacvaSi Tavdacvis saministro
Page 354 and 355: Tavdapirveli fragmentebi TavTavianT
Page 356 and 357: uni versitetisTvis gadasacemad iqna
Page 358 and 359: adamianTa sicocxlis da qonebis didm
Page 360 and 361: traliis iComos-is mier 1979 wels da
Page 362 and 363: sur. 9.46 spontanurad gaSenebuli `j
Page 364 and 365: gracias niSnavs; es ki mo i T xovs
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kur konteqstTan maTi mimarTebiT, av
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maritobas gamokveTs. am Tvalsazrisi
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obis gan sazRvreba memkvidreobis ob
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eb, maTi kon servaciisTvis sa Wiro
Page 374 and 375:
10.2 ganxorcielebuli zegavlena saer
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kuri swraf va, romelTaTvis restavra
Page 378 and 379:
mqone da sarwmuno dokumentacias dam
Page 380 and 381:
IV saukune XVI saukune restavraciam
Page 382 and 383:
fineTis laplandiis sodan ki las Zve
Page 384 and 385:
sur. 10.11 efesoSi (TurqeTi) adgilz
Page 386 and 387:
Tos. arsebuli fragmen tebis wardgen
Page 388 and 389:
a da teqnikuri Carevis ise Camal va
Page 390 and 391:
Zirs uTxris qalaquri kvartalebisa d
Page 392 and 393:
ls, romelSic istoriuli komponentebi
Page 394 and 395:
ebs ekisreboda, axla aseTi viTareba
Page 396 and 397:
Ceuli bibliografia kulturuli memkvi
Page 398 and 399:
Ceuli bibliografia 397 Beltrami, L.
Page 400 and 401:
Brandi, C. 1991. Celso o della Poes
Page 402 and 403:
Clark, K. 1974. The Gothic Revival,
Page 404 and 405:
Del Bufalo. A. 1982. Gustavo Giovan
Page 406 and 407:
in das erste Drittels des 20. Jahrh
Page 408 and 409:
Giovannoni, G. 1996. Dal capitello
Page 410 and 411:
Ceuli bibliografia 409 Hosmer, C.B.
Page 412 and 413:
Kadatz, H-J. 1981. “Karl Friedric
Page 414 and 415:
Lucangeli, C. 1845. Il Colosseo di
Page 416 and 417:
Morris, W. 1877. The Decorative Art
Page 418 and 419:
Ceuli bibliografia 417 Pevsner, N.
Page 420 and 421:
RIBA, 1865. Conservation of Ancient
Page 422 and 423:
Ceuli bibliografia 421 Schreiner, L
Page 424 and 425:
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1
Page 426 and 427:
Viollet-le-Duc, E. 1875. On Restora
Page 428 and 429:
Ceuli periodika Αvαγκε (Anagke
Page 430 and 431:
ainzidelis fon, grafi (von Einsidel
Page 432 and 433:
aumgarteni aleqsander gotlib (Baumg
Page 434 and 435:
angelo) _ 42, 43, 49, 52, 55, 56, 5
Page 436 and 437:
_ 108, 110, 111, 112, 120 (kamil ba
Page 438 and 439:
erayi (Iraq) _ 374, 382, 384 erdmad
Page 440 and 441:
vitale jiovan franCesko (Vitale, Gi
Page 442 and 443:
kampania (Campania) _ 276 kamporezi
Page 444 and 445:
peror) _ 18, 19, 43 konstantinopoli
Page 446 and 447:
lYqsemburgi (Luxembourg) _ 12 lobko
Page 448 and 449:
maqsime, filosofosi (Maximus, Philo
Page 450 and 451:
ninevia (Ninevite) _ 217 nicSe frid
Page 452 and 453:
parizi, sen-Jermen-de-preze (Paris,
Page 454 and 455:
221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228,
Page 456 and 457:
omi, markus avreliusis sveti (Rome,
Page 458 and 459:
ubiani alfonso (Rubbiani, Alfonso)
Page 460 and 461:
stYuarti jeimz (Stuart, James) _ 72
Page 462 and 463:
uqsmali (Uxmal) _ 302, 303 favreto
Page 464 and 465:
SvedeTi (Sweden) _ 23, 34, 63, 67,
Page 466:
helsinki (Helsinki) _ 12, 313 helbe
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arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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