arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia
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arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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370 <strong>arqiteqturis</strong> <strong>konservaciis</strong> <strong>istoria</strong><br />

valiswinebiT, rom zus ti mecnierebebi,<br />

upiratesad maTematikasTanaa kavSirSi,<br />

isini codnis SeZe nis yvelaze zedmiwevniT<br />

da obieqtur gzad iqna miCneuli.<br />

memkvidreobisa da misi <strong>konservaciis</strong><br />

mimarT Tanamedrove interesi yovelTvis<br />

mWidro kav SirSi iyo mecnierebasTan da<br />

mecnierul midgomasTan. XVIII saukuneSi,<br />

la viT damarxuli qalaqebis _ herkulanumis<br />

da pompeis _ aRmoCena arqeologiuri<br />

kvlevis ganviTarebasa da ucnobis<br />

SeswavlasTan iyo dakavSirebu li. am aRmoCenebma<br />

napovni masalis _ nivTebisa<br />

da kedlis mxatvrobis _ ko n servaciis<br />

meTodebis ganviTareba gaacxovla; papirusis<br />

gragnilebis aR moCenam maTi gaxsnisa<br />

da amokiTxvis survili gaaRviva;<br />

antikurma warwe rebma, Tundac ieroglifebma,<br />

xeli Seuwyo maTi gaSifvris<br />

meTodebis Zie bas STabera suli. XIX saukuneSi,<br />

mecnieruli codnis matebasTan<br />

erTad izr deboda survili, gamoecadaT<br />

kedlis mxatvrobis, qvis da arqiteqturu<br />

li zedapirebis <strong>konservaciis</strong> meTodebi;<br />

kamaTi gamoiwvia istoriuli nagebobebis<br />

gawmendis da konsolidaciis<br />

sakiTxma. pozi ti vizmis periodSi arqeologia<br />

da restavracia zust mecnierebaTa<br />

Soris moeqca da, magali Tad, lasYu<br />

da viole-le-dYuki amayobd nen imiT,<br />

maTi kvleva-Zieba da mu Saoba zusti mecnierebis<br />

rigisa rom iyo.<br />

XX saukuneSi, konservaciaSi Tanamedrove<br />

mecnieruli meTodebis da teqnologiebis<br />

ganviTareba da potenciuri<br />

gamoyeneba konservatorTa So ris srulad<br />

iqna aRiarebuli. 1931 wlis aTenis dadgenilebani<br />

urCevda: `yve la xelT arsebuli<br />

Tanamedrove teqnologiis, kerZod<br />

ki rkinabetonis go nivrul gamoyeneba~-s<br />

(parag. 4). 1932 wels jovanYonis mier<br />

italiisTvis Ca moyalibe bu li normebi<br />

gvTavazobda: `kvlevis Sedegebi unda<br />

gamoyenebu li iyos daSavebuli Senobis<br />

sakonservaciod rTuli, detalizebuli<br />

sa mu Saoebis Sesrulebisas, saxeldaxelo<br />

empiriuli gadawyvetilebebi gver d ze<br />

unda ga davdoT da upiratesoba mkacr<br />

mecnierul midgomas mivaniWoT~ (parag.<br />

9). veneciis qartia acxadebs: `Zeglebis<br />

konservaciam da restavra ciam unda mimarTos<br />

yvela mecnierebas da teqnologias,<br />

romelTac SeuZ lia Tavisi wvlili<br />

Seitanos arqiteqturuli memkvidreobis<br />

Seswavlasa da dacvaSi~ (parag. 2). sainteresoa<br />

gavixsenoT, rom jovanYonis<br />

mier war modgenil midgomaTa italiur<br />

klasifikacias ewoda `mecnieruli<br />

restav ra cia~, saxelwodeba, romelic<br />

<strong>konservaciis</strong> mravali specialistis mier<br />

ma Ti muSaobis aRsawerad ufro gvianac<br />

ki gamoiyeneboda.<br />

mecnierebis sxvadasxva dargis sakonservacio<br />

samuSaoebis safuZv lad<br />

gamoyeneba pirvelad muzeumebTan arsebul<br />

laboratorieb Si dainer ga. pirveli<br />

aseTi laboratoria berlinis saxelmwifo<br />

muzeumTan (staatliche museen) 1888<br />

wels daarsda. 1919 wels mas mohyva<br />

laboratoriebi britane Tis muzeumSi,<br />

1925 wels qairoSi, luvrSi, harvardSi<br />

da sxvebic, metadre 1930-iani wlebidan<br />

moyolebuli. laboratoriebs sxvadasxva<br />

specialize cia hqonda, mag., kedlis mxatvroba,<br />

keramika, liToni da qaRaldi.<br />

romis, nYu delis da tokios laboratoriebi<br />

1938 wlidan arsebobs (Philippot,<br />

1963:352). mniSvnelovani winsvla <strong>konservaciis</strong><br />

kvlevas gansakuTrebiT 1970-ian<br />

da 1980-ian wlebSi daetyo, rodesac sxvadasxva<br />

qveynis mecnierTa da eqspertTa<br />

Soris, kvlevis meTodebis da Sedegebis<br />

Sedarebis mizniT, kav Si rebi damyarda.<br />

qvedargebad gamoiyo arqeologiur monapovarTa,<br />

koleq ci e bis, sxvadasxva arqiteqturuli<br />

masalis (mag., qvis, xisa da<br />

liTonis), aseve arqiteqturuli zedapirebis,<br />

kedlis mxatvrobis da mozaikis<br />

kon ser vacia.<br />

Tanamedrove teqnologiis upiratesobaTagania<br />

konkretuli Senobebi sa da<br />

masalebis `qcevisa~ da pirobebis Sesax-

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