arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia
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arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

arqiteqturis konservaciis istoria Yuka Yokileto - Ancient Georgia

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86 <strong>arqiteqturis</strong> <strong>konservaciis</strong> <strong>istoria</strong><br />

dakebam `die herkulanerinnen~ (herkulaneli<br />

qalebi) 56 . 1754 wels aq prusiul qalaq<br />

sten dalSi, mewaRis ojaxSi dabadebuli<br />

iohan ioahim vinkelmani (1717-68 ww.)<br />

Camovida. klasikis kvlevas is halesa da<br />

YenaSi daeufla. drezden Si mas SesaZlebloba<br />

mieca antikur siZveleTa koleqciac<br />

gaecno da mxa tvrulsa da literaturul<br />

wreebTan urTierToba daemyarebina;<br />

aqve, 1755 wels, gamoaqveyna<br />

man Tavisi pirveli narkvevi berZnul<br />

xelovneba ze (wilckenmann, 1755). amis Semdeg<br />

is maleve gaemgzavra roms, sadac<br />

kar di nal albanis biblioTekari gaxda<br />

da mis koleqciaze muSaobda. 1763 wels<br />

is romis da misi olqis siZveleTa mTavar<br />

komisionerad dainiSna, xe lovnebis<br />

yvela aqaur nawarmoebze zrunvis pasuxismgeblobiT.<br />

1764 wli dan man vatikanis<br />

biblioTekis `scriptor linguae<br />

graecae~-s Tanamdeboba da iWira da `Camera<br />

apostolia~-s `antiquarius~-ic iyo.<br />

vinkelmanis erTi miswrafebaTagani<br />

herkulanumis monapovarTa nax va da Seswavla<br />

iyo, magram naqalaqari man mxolod<br />

sami wlis Semdeg mo i naxula. da maSinac,<br />

miuxedavad kargi rekomendaciebisa, man<br />

ver mii Ro gaTxrebis monaxulebis ufleba.<br />

mas neba darTes ori Tve portiCis<br />

muzeumSi gaetarebina 57 . meored Casvlis<br />

Semdeg man drezdens, graf fon brYuls<br />

pataki gaugzavna, Tavisi STabeWdilebebi<br />

aRnusxa, alkubieri ga mo ucdelobaSic<br />

daadanaSaula da mravali mSvenieri nimuSis<br />

dazia nebasa da daRupvaSic dasdo<br />

brali; patara magaliTi: erTi warweris<br />

56 am koleqciaSi ukve Sedioda prusiis mefe<br />

fridrix vilhelm I-is mier 1723-26 wlebSi<br />

avgust Zlieri saqsonelisadmi saCuqrad<br />

mirTmeuli di di nawili beloris antikuri<br />

nivTebisa. Tavad avgust Zliermac Tavis<br />

ko leqcias Cigisa da albanisgan Sesyiduli<br />

siZveleebi Semata.<br />

57 aseTi iWvneulobiT mxolod mas ar daxvedrian;<br />

saukunis gasulsac ma r to im nivTebis<br />

Caxatva SeiZleboda, romelnic ukve gamocemuli<br />

iyo he rkulanumis akademiis mier<br />

spi lenZis asoebi naqalaqaridan, mis amokiTxvamde,<br />

mefisTvis saCveneb lad waiRes.<br />

vinkelmani male iqna aRiarebuli<br />

klasikuri antikuri xanis Tavi si drois<br />

upirveles mkvlevarad. kvlevisas is<br />

dauRalavi iyo, Rrmad ico da klasikuri<br />

literatura da Tanamedrove saistorio<br />

mwerlobac. Se saZloa, yvelaze didi misi<br />

damsaxureba isaa, rom man gvaswavla, rogor<br />

davakvirdeT da ufro Rrmad rogor<br />

CavwvdeT xelovnebis nawarmo e bis arsebas.<br />

hegels masze naTqvami aqvs: `vinkelmani<br />

erT imaTTaganad un da miviCnioT,<br />

vinc axleburi grZnoba gamogvimuSava da<br />

xelovnebis sa m yaroSi moulodneli perspeqtivac<br />

gagvixsna~ (leppmann, 1970). is<br />

gax le Cilia, sxvadasxva damokidebulebis<br />

matarebeli: erTi mxriv, is war mo g vidgens<br />

ideals, idealizebuli antikuri xanis<br />

idealizebul su raTs; meore mxriv, is<br />

iwynarebs <strong>istoria</strong>s da xelovnebis nawarmoebis<br />

spe cifikurobas. ZiriTadi koncefcia,<br />

rasac is romSi amuSavebda, ukve<br />

aris mocemuli 1755 wlis mis narkvevSi,<br />

romelic sxva enebzedac iTar gmna da<br />

herderis, didros, goeTes da fridrix<br />

Slegelis xotbac daim sa xura.<br />

3.4.1. idealuri mSveniereba<br />

vinkelmanisTvis xelovnebis nawarmoebis<br />

Rirebulebis mTavari sa zo mi `idealuri<br />

mSvenierebaa~. Tavis koncefcias is neoplatonur<br />

fi lo so fiasa da rafaelisa da<br />

miqelanjelos naazrevze afuZnebs da mas<br />

beloris Teoriasac CaurTavs. misi TvalsazrisiT,<br />

am idealis mwverva li klasikur<br />

berZnul qandakebaSia mignebuli. `umaRlesi<br />

mSveniereba Rme r Tis wiaRaa. cneba<br />

kacebrivi mSvenierebisa miT ufro srulyofilia,<br />

ramdenadac igi SegveZleba<br />

uzenaes arsebas Sesaferada da Sesabamisad<br />

moviazroT” 58 . idealuri mSveniereba bunebaSi<br />

povebs gamoxatulebas da be rZnebi mis<br />

58 winckelmann, 1764, 195

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