Abiks väikekäitlejale II osa. Piim ja piima töötlemine - Maheklubi
Abiks väikekäitlejale II osa. Piim ja piima töötlemine - Maheklubi
Abiks väikekäitlejale II osa. Piim ja piima töötlemine - Maheklubi
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SISUKORD<br />
SISSEJUHATUS ...................................................................................................... 11<br />
P<strong>II</strong>MA KEEMILINE KOOSTIS, MIKROSTRUKTUUR JA MIKROBIOLOOGIA ....... 13<br />
Vesi .................................................................................................................................................................. 14<br />
Valk ................................................................................................................................................................. 14<br />
Kaseiin .................................................................................................................................................... 15<br />
Vadakuvalgud......................................................................................................................................... 17<br />
Rasv ................................................................................................................................................................. 17<br />
Süsivesikud ..................................................................................................................................................... 19<br />
Mineraalained ................................................................................................................................................ 21<br />
Vitamiinid ....................................................................................................................................................... 21<br />
<strong>Piim</strong>a füüsikalis-keemilised <strong>ja</strong> sensoorsed näita<strong>ja</strong>d .................................................................................... 22<br />
<strong>Piim</strong>a mikrobioloogia .................................................................................................................................... 26<br />
Toor<strong>piima</strong> mikrofloora ........................................................................................................................... 26<br />
Psührotroofsed mikroorganismid ........................................................................................................... 27<br />
Grampositiivsed psührotroofsed bakterid ............................................................................................... 28<br />
Termoresistentne mikrofloora ................................................................................................................ 30<br />
Toor<strong>piima</strong> mikroobne saastumine .......................................................................................................... 31<br />
Mikroobne saastumine udara pinnalt ...................................................................................................... 32<br />
Mastiiti tekitavad bakterid ...................................................................................................................... 34<br />
Keskkonnast pärinevad mastiiditekita<strong>ja</strong>d ............................................................................................... 35<br />
Somaatiliste rakkude mõju ..................................................................................................................... 36<br />
Õhk ......................................................................................................................................................... 37<br />
Vesi ........................................................................................................................................................ 37<br />
Mikroobid lüpsiseadmete pindadel ......................................................................................................... 37<br />
Torusse lüpsmine .................................................................................................................................... 38<br />
Seadmete pesemine ................................................................................................................................ 39<br />
Toor<strong>piima</strong> hoidmine kõrgematel temperatuuridel .................................................................................. 40<br />
Toor<strong>piima</strong> säilitamine ............................................................................................................................ 40<br />
Säilitatava toor<strong>piima</strong> mikrofloora ........................................................................................................... 40<br />
P<strong>II</strong>MATOODETE KLASSIFIKATSIOON .................................................................. 42<br />
TÄISP<strong>II</strong>MATOODETE TEHNOLOOGIA .................................................................. 46<br />
<strong>Piim</strong>a eeltöötlus .............................................................................................................................................. 46<br />
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