the-book-of-enoch-r-h-charles - Fallen Angels

THE BOOK OF ENOCH
SECTION I
(CHAPTEES I XKXVl)
INTEODTJCTION
A. Critical Structure and Dates. B. Relation of this Section to
(a) 72-82; {b) 83-90; {r) 91-104. C. The Problem and its
Solution.
A. Critical Structure and Dates. This Section is of composite
structure and from many hands. We shall consider 1-5 last of all.
First of all 6-11 stand apart from the rest. These chapters
belonged originally to the Book of Noah, many fragments of which
are found throughout this book. They never refer to Enoch but
only to Noah, 10'. Since this Section was known to the author
of the Book of Jubilees it must have been written before the last
quarter of the second century B.C. But since we see that 88-89^
presupposes a minute acquaintance with 10, and since 83-90 were
written before the death of Judas the Maccabee in 161, the date of
6-11 must be put back to the first third of the second century B.C.
Again, since these chapters and 12-36 make no reference to the
persecution of Antiochus, the terminus ad quern is thus fixed at
170 B.C. The fact that 4-36 were written in Aramaic is also in
favour of a pre-Maccabean date ; for when once a nation recovers,
or even when it is trying to recover, its independence, we Imow from
history that it seeks to revive its national language, in case it had
lost it. Jubilees and the Testaments of the XII Patriarchs which
were composed about 107 b. c. were written in Hebrew, as we might •
expect. Later we shall see grounds for regarding 83-90 and other
sections of Enoch as having been written in Hebrew.
12-16 next call for consideration. These chapters preserve in
a fragmentary and dislocated form a vision or visions of Enoch. The
original order, as I have shown on pp. 27, 28, was 14' : some verses
lost: 13^-3 J 23 13*-" 142-162 12*-" (of which 163"* is a doublet).
12'-2 is nierely an editorial addition. Similar dislocations of the