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Ð²Ú ºÎºÔºòàô Ð²Üð²Æî²ð²Ü ÙÇ³µ³Ý »åÇëÏáåáëÝ»ñÇ Ï³ñ·Á: ÎÛ³ÝùÇ í»ñçÇÝ ï³ñÇÝ»ñÇÝ ³åñ»É ¿ ê. ¾çÙÇ³ÍÝáõÙ áñå»ë ëáíáñ³Ï³Ý ÙÇ³µ³Ý: Î³ÃáÕÇÏáë³Ï³Ý ·³ÑÇÝ ¸³íÇÃ º ¾Ý»·»ÃóáõÝ Ñ³çáñ¹»É ¿ ¸³ÝÇ»É ² êáõñÙ³é»óÇÝ: ñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛáõÝ. Øë»ñÛ³Ýó Ø., ä³ïÙáõÃÇõÝ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏáë³ó ¾çÙÇ³ÍÝÇ Ç êÇÙ¿áÝ¿ ÙÇÝã»õ óÚáíÑ³ÝÝ¿ë À, ØáëÏí³, 1876: ºñÇóÛ³Ý ²Õ., ²Ù»Ý³ÛÝ Ð³Ûáó Ï³- ÃáÕÇÏáëáõÃÛáõÝÁ ¨ ÎáíÏ³ëÇ Ñ³Ûù XlX ¹³ñáõÙ, Ù³ëÝ ², ÂÇýÉÇë, 1894: úñÙ³Ý- Û³Ý Ø., ²½·³å³ïáõÙ, Ñ³ï. ´ ¨ , ê. ¾ç- ÙÇ³ÍÇÝ, 2001: ²Ô²ìÜÆ àôÂàôæÚ²Ü 74
²ØºÜ²ÚÜ Ð²Úàò Î²ÂàÔÆÎàêÜºð º¼ð ² ö²è²ÄÜ²ÎºðîòÆ (630–641) F³Ûáó Ï³ÃáÕÇÏáë 630–Çó: Ð³çáñ¹»É ¿ øñÇëï³÷áñ ´ ²å³Ñáõ- ÝáõÝ: ÌÝ. Ã. ³ÝÑï., ÍÝí»É ¿ ²Ûñ³ñ³ï Ý³Ñ³Ý·Ç ÜÇ· ·³í³éÇ ö³é³ÅÝ³Ï»ñï ·ÛáõÕáõÙ: Ø³Ñ³ó»É ¿ 641–ÇÝ ¸íÇÝáõÙ ¨ ³Ù÷á÷í»É ï»- ÕÇ Ñ³Ûñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý Ñ³Ý·ëï³ñ³ÝáõÙ: ºÕ»É ¿ ÎáÙÇï³ë ² ²Õó»óÇ Ï³- ÃáÕÇÏáëÇ »Õµáñ ³Ý»ñáñ¹ÇÝ ¨ í³Û»- É»É ÎáÙÇï³ëÇ Ñ³ïáõÏ Ñáí³Ý³íáñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: Àëï ê»µ»áëÇ` µÝ³íáñáõ- ÃÛ³Ùµ »Õ»É ¿ ËáÝ³ñÑ ¨ Ñ»½: êÏ½µáõÙ Ýß³Ý³Ïí»É ¿ ¸íÇÝÇ ê. ñÇ·áñ »Ï»- Õ»óáõ ÷³Ï³Ï³É: ÈÇÝ»Éáí Ð³Ûáó ÇßË³Ý ì³ñ³½ïÇñáó ´³·ñ³ïáõÝáõ Ã»ÏÝ³ÍáõÝ` Ï³ÃáÕÇÏáë³Ï³Ý ·³- ÑÇÝ ¿ µ³½Ù»É ³é³Ýó íÇ×³Ï³íáñ »- åÇëÏáåáë ÉÇÝ»Éáõ: Àëï Ø. úñÙ³Ý- Û³ÝÇ` Ýñ³ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏáë³Ï³Ý ßñç³ÝÁ ï¨»É ¿ 630–641–Ý»ñÇÝ: º½ñ ² ö³é³ÅÝ³Ï»ñïóáõ Ï³Ãá- ÕÇÏáë³Ï³Ý ³Ãáé µ³ñÓñ³Ý³ÉÁ Ñ³- ÙÁÝÏ³í Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ï³ñ³Íùáí Ë³ã³÷³ÛïÇ ·»ñ»¹³ñÓÇÝ, áñÁ å³ñëÇó ´áñ³Ý Ã³·áõÑÇÝ áõÕ³ñÏ»ó ´Ûáõ½³Ý¹Ç³ÛÇ Ð»ñ³ÏÉ Ï³ÛëñÇÝ: º½ñ ² ö³é³ÅÝ³Ï»ñïóáõ ûñáù µÛáõ½³Ý¹³óÇÝ»ñÇ ¨ ³ñ³µÝ»ñÇ Ýí³- ×áÕ³Ï³Ý ëå³éÝ³ÉÇùÝ»ñÁ Í³Ýñ³óñ»É ¿ÇÝ Ð³Û³ëï³ÝÇ ù³Õ³ù³- Ï³Ý Ï³óáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: ú·ïí»Éáí ³Û¹ Ç- ñ³íÇ×³ÏÇó` ´Ûáõ½³Ý¹Ç³ÛÇ Ð»ñ³ÏÉ Ï³ÛëñÁ Ñ³Ý¹»ë »Ï³í µÛáõ½³Ý¹³- Ï³Ý ¨ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ»ñÇ ¹³í³Ý³ÝùÝ»ñÇ ÙÇ³ëÝáõÃÛ³Ý ³é³ç³ñÏáí (áñÁ ù³ÕÏ»¹áÝ³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ¨ »íïÇù»ë³Ï³ÝáõÃÛ³Ý ÙÇ Ë³é- Ýáõñ¹ ¿ ¨ áñÁ Ùß³Ï»É ¨ Î. äáÉëÇ 626–Ç ÅáÕáíÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ³ÝóÏ³óñ»É ¿ñ ê³ñ·Çë å³ïñÇ³ñùÁ): Ð³Ûáó Çß- Ë³Ý ØÅ»Å ÝáõÝáõ ÙÇçáóáí Ï³ÛëñÁ º½ñ ² ö³é³ÅÝ³Ï»ñïóáõÝ Ï³Ýã»É ¿ Î³ñÇÝ: 4 Ñ³Û »åÇëÏáåáëÝ»ñÇ (îÇñ³ïáõñ ²ñï³½»óáõ, øñÇëï³÷áñ ¸³ñáõÝÛ³ÝóÇ, Ø³ñïÇñáë áÕÃÝ»- óáõ ¨ ºåÇ÷³Ý Ø³ÙÇÏáÝÛ³ÝóÇ) ¨ 3 í³ñ¹³å»ïÝ»ñÇ (ì³ñ¹³Ý ´³·³éÇ- ×Ç, ÂáíÙ³ë ²ñß³ñáõÝáõ, Â»á¹áñáë øéÃ»Ý³íáñÇ) áõÕ»ÏóáõÃÛ³Ùµ º½ñ ² ö³é³ÅÝ³Ï»ñïóÇÝ ·Ý³ó»É ¿ Î³ñÇÝ: 633–ÇÝ Î³ñÇÝáõÙ (Â»á¹áëáõåá- ÉÇë), áñÁ µÛáõ½³Ý¹³Ï³Ý Ï³Ûë»ñ µ³- Ý³Ï³ï»ÕÇÝ ¿ñ, Ñ³Ý¹Çå»É ¿ Ð»ñ³ÏÉ Ï³ÛëñÇÝ ¨ µ³Ý³Ïó»É ø³ÕÏ»¹áÝÇ ÅáÕáíÇ ¨ »ñÏáõ µÝáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³ñóÇ µ³ó³ïñáõÃÛ³Ý ßáõñç: ´³Ý³ÏóáõÃÛáõÝ- Ý»ñÇ Å³Ù³Ý³Ï ùÝÝ³ñÏí»É ¿ È¨áÝÇ ïáÙ³ñÇ ËÝ¹ÇñÁ ¨ Ñ³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý å³ïíÇñ³ÏáõÃÛáõÝÁ Ð»ñ³ÏÉÇó ËÝ¹ñ»É ¿ §Ó»éÝ³ñÏ Ñ³õ³ï Ý³Ù³ÏÇ¦: ²ñ³µ³Ï³Ý Ý»ñËáõÅÙ³Ý íï³Ý- ·Ç ¹»Ù ´Ûáõ½³Ý¹Ç³ÛÇó û·ÝáõÃÛáõÝ ÁÝÏ³É»Éáõ ÑáõÛëáí ¨ Ñ³Ï³é³Ï Ð»- ñ³ÏÉ Ï³Ûë»ñ ÝÏñïáõÙÝ»ñÇÝ` Ø»Í Ð³ÛùÇ µÛáõ½³Ý¹³Ï³Ý Ù³ëáõÙ Ñ³- Ï³Ãáé Ï³ÃáÕÇÏáëáõÃÛáõÝ ëï»ÕÍ»- Éáõ Ùï³¹ñáõÃÛ³ÝÁ, ³é»ñ»ë ÁÝ¹áõ- Ý»É ¿ Ï³Ûë»ñ ³é³ç³ñÏ³Í Ñ³í³ïá ·ÇñÁ` Ð³Ûáó »Ï»Õ»óÇÝ ¹³í³Ý³µ³- Ýáñ»Ý ÙÇ³óÝ»É Ï³Ûë»ñ³Ï³Ý å³ßïáÝ³Ï³Ý ù³ÕÏ»¹áÝ³Ï³Ý »Ï»Õ»- óáõÝ: Î³ÛëñÁ Ï³Ù»ÝáõÙ ¿ñ ³å³Ñáí»É áã ÙÇ³ÛÝ Ï³ÛëñáõÃÛ³Ý ¹³í³Ý³- µ³Ý³Ï³Ý ÙÇ³ëÝáõÃÛáõÝÁ, ³ÛÉ¨ Ýñ³ å»ï³Ï³Ý ³Ýíï³Ý·áõÃÛáõÝÁ: Ð³ÛÏ³Ï³Ý å³ï·³Ù³íáñáõ- ÃÛ³Ý ³ÝáõÝÇó Ï³ÃáÕÇÏáëÁ ëïáñ³·ñ»É ¿ Ñ³Ù³Ó³ÛÝ»óí³Í ¹³í³- 75
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