NARIC guide on Higher Education Systems in the European Union

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Valtiotieteiden tohtori/Politices doktor (VTT/PD) NB: In the old system Valtiotieteen lisensiaatti and Valtiotieteen tohtori. Yhteiskuntatieteiden lisensiaatti/Licentiat i samhällsvetenskaper (YTL/SVL) Yhteiskuntatieteiden tohtori/Doktor i samhällsvetenskaper (YTT/ SVD) NB: In the old system Sociologie licentiat (SoL) and Sociologie doktor (SoD) (in Swedish). Economics and business administration Kauppatieteiden lisensiaatti/Ekonomie licentiat (KTL/EL) Kauppatieteiden tohtori/Ekonomie doktor (KTT/ED) Psychology Psykologian lisensiaatti/Psykologie licentiat (PsL) Psykologian tohtori/Psykologie doktor (PsT/PsD) Education Kasvatustieteen lisensiaatti/Pedagogie licentiat (KL/PeL) Kasvatustieteen tohtori/Pedagogie doktor (KT/PeD) NB: In the old system Kasvatustieteiden lisensiaatti and Kasvatustieteiden tohtori. Natural sciences Filosofian lisensiaatti/Filosofie licentiat (FL) Filosofian tohtori/Filosofie doktor (FT/FD) Agriculture and forestry Maatalous- ja metsätieteiden lisensiaatti/Agronomie- och forstlicentiat (MML/AFL) Maatalous- ja metsätieteiden tohtori/Agronomie- och forstdoktor (MMT/AFD) Elintarviketieteiden lisensiaatti/Licentiat i livsmedelsvetenskaper (ETL/LVL) Elintarviketieteiden tohtori/Doktor i livsmedelsvetenskaper (ETT/LVD) Sports sciences Liikuntatieteiden tohtori/Doktor i gymnastik- och idrottsvetenskaper (LitT/GID) Engineering and architecture Tekniikan lisensiaatti/Teknologie licentiat (TkL) Tekniikan tohtori/Teknologie doktor (TkT/TkD) Medicine Lääketieteen tohtori/Medicine doktor (LT/MD) Dentistry Hammaslääketieteen tohtori/Odontologie doktor (HLT/OD) Health care Terveydenhuollon lisensiaatti/Licentiat i hälsovård (THL/HVL) Terveydenhuollon tohtori/Doktor i hälsovård (THT/HVD) Veterinary medicine Eläinlääketieteen tohtori/Veterinärmedicine doktor (ELT/VMD)
Pharmacy Farmasian lisensiaatti/Farmacie licentiat (FaL) Farmasian tohtori/Farmacie doktor (FaT/FaD) Music Musiikin lisensiaatti/Musiklicentiat (MuL) Musiikin tohtori/Musikdoktor (MuD) Art and design Taiteen tohtori/Konstdoktor (TaT/KoD) NB: In the old system also Taiteen lisensiaatti/Konstlicentiat (TaL/KoL), which can be awarded until the end of 1999. Theatre, drama and dance Teatteritaiteen lisensiaatti/Licentiat i teaterkonst (TeL/TKL) Teatteritaiteen tohtori/Doktor i teaterkonst (TeT/TKD) NB: In the old system Teaterkonstlicentiat and Teaterkonstdoktor (in Swedish). Tanssitaiteen lisensiaatti/Licentiat i danskonst (—) Tanssitaiteen tohtori/Doktor i danskonst (—) NB: In the old system Danskonstlicentiat and Danskonstdoktor (in Swedish). Fine arts New: From August 1997 (381/97) Kuvataiteen tohtori/Doktor i bildkonst Old: Fine arts did not have any postgraduate degrees before II. AMK degrees AMK degrees by field of study in autumn 1996: the general name of the degree, i.e. the field of study and ammattikorkeakoulututkinto (AMK)/yrkeshögskoleexamen (YH) is given first, followed by the possible special titles. Natural resources Maa- ja metsätalouden ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/Yrkeshögskoleexamen i jord- och skogsbruk Agrologi (AMK)/Agrolog (YH) (agriculture) Metsätalousinsinööri (AMK)/Skogsbruksingenjör (YH) (forestry) Hortonomi (AMK)/Hortonom (YH) (horticulture) Technology and transport Tekniikan ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/Yrkeshögskoleexamen i teknik (technology) Insinööri (AMK)/Ingenjör (YH) (technology) Merenkulun ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/Yrkeshögskoleexamen i sjöfart (seafaring) Merikapteeni (AMK)/Sjökapten (YH) (seafaring) Tekstiili- ja vaatetusalan ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/Yrkeshögskoleexamen inom textil- och beklädnadsbranschen (textile and clothing industry) Tourism, catering, home and industrial economics Matkailu- ja ravitsemisalan ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/Yrkeshögskoleexamen inom turism och kosthållsbranschen (tourism and catering) Administration and commerce Liiketalouden ammattikorkeakoulututkinto/Yrkeshögskoleexamen i företagsekonomi (administration and commerce) Tradenomi/Tradenom (business and administration)
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NARIC guid
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Austria
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Glossary Bundesgesetz Federal act.
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Introduction In 1993, the new Austr
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The Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna
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Examples of some study programmes (
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In the schools of art and music, do
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II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
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The special qualification for schoo
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Appendix I General university quali
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Dipl.-Ing. für industrielle Elektr
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Appendix IV Curricula charts The fo
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Chart 2 Veterinärmedizinischen Uni
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Belgium (French-speaking Community)
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II.3. Final qualifications in highe
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NB: The distinction between the two
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Legislative body on matters of gran
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University education is intended to
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I.3. Organisation of studies I.3.1.
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There are two examination sessions:
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(ii) qualification indicating abili
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Candidat(e) (2): en psychologie et
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From a strictly academic point of v
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Diplomas awarded at the end of cour
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After successfully completing the f
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Diagram of the higher education sys
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esthétique industrielle (industria
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Higher education in economics Ingé
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lettres (romanes...) (the arts (Rom
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For all the abovementioned courses
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Lectures left to the choice of the
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Candidates for higher education who
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Belgium (Flemish Community)
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IV. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF QUAL
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Glossary Geaggregeerde voor het lag
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II. Higher education in the Flemish
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16. dentistry 17. veterinary scienc
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II.3. Organisation of courses of st
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The student is examined in each sub
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Individual universities can decide
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Kandidaat: burgerlijk ingenieur bur
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(b) the specialisation courses are
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This is a form of higher education
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Appendix 1. Final degrees — hoges
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industrieel ingenieur in landbouw e
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Wetenschappen motorische revalidati
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Denmark
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Abbreviations AAA Arkitektskolen i
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College of nutrition and home econo
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Kunstakademi Academy of fine arts.
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Speciale Thesis. The candidatus deg
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The multifaculty universities are t
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I.2. Number of students 1992/93 Tot
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Marks and examinations Generally, m
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The higher commercial examination c
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Page 113 and 114: Before 1988, the name of the PhD de
Page 115 and 116: III. Special types and forms of fin
Page 117 and 118: IV. Recognition of foreign degrees
Page 119 and 120: Bibliography Publications in Englis
Page 121 and 122: Appendix II Danish non-university h
Page 123 and 124: Økonomaskolen The Danish School of
Page 125 and 126: Cand.tech.al. Candidatus(a) technic
Page 127 and 128: Second main subject chosen freely f
Page 129 and 130: Cand.scient. study programmes The c
Page 131 and 132: Chartered accountants, sworn interp
Page 133 and 134: Finland
Page 135 and 136: Glossary Alempi korkeakoulututkinto
Page 137 and 138: I. Higher education system In Finla
Page 139 and 140: All these 20 universities undertake
Page 141 and 142: At the end of 1995 the total number
Page 143 and 144: Non-university higher education In
Page 145 and 146: Each test in the new examination is
Page 147 and 148: New degrees — kandidaatti and mai
Page 149 and 150: The graduates can use two kinds of
Page 151 and 152: III. Special types and forms of qua
Page 153 and 154: Engineer second class (konemestari/
Page 155 and 156: Diagram of the education system in
Page 157 and 158: Appendix I List of qualifications i
Page 159 and 160: Teatteritaiteen kandidaatti/Kandida
Page 161: Old: until the end of July 1999 New
Page 165 and 166: Appendix II Description of a degree
Page 167 and 168: Appendix III Description of a degre
Page 169 and 170: Appendix IV Description of a degree
Page 171 and 172: France
Page 173 and 174: II.3. Final degrees in higher educa
Page 175 and 176: Glossary Baccalauréat Secondary sc
Page 177 and 178: Lycées Lycées are secondary schoo
Page 179 and 180: to develop higher education in the
Page 181 and 182: There are eight other IEPs in the p
Page 183 and 184: the educational programmes: objecti
Page 185 and 186: I.2. Number of students In 1995/96,
Page 187 and 188: The organisation of the doctoral pr
Page 189 and 190: The baccalauréat examination The b
Page 191 and 192: II.2. Intermediate degrees in highe
Page 193 and 194: II.3.1. Final degrees in non-univer
Page 195 and 196: To receive the DUT, a student must
Page 197 and 198: Dentistry (requires five years of s
Page 199 and 200: Institutions of higher education ta
Page 201 and 202: Bibliography A. General publication
Page 203 and 204: Appendix I List of professions and
Page 205 and 206: Professions maritimes Capitaine de
Page 207 and 208: Contents Glossary 149 I. THE HIGHER
Page 209 and 210: Glossary Abendgymnasium General sec
Page 211 and 212: General education secondary school
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As universities for applied studies
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I.2.3. Classes and academic year Co
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II. Examinations and academic degre
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Grade scale The following grade sca
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The degree programme is divided int
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The individual advanced studies sub
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The advanced studies are concluded
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Stage II studies involve further co
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Training for this type of teaching
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According to an agreement by the St
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The degree programme in medicine in
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The examinee is presented with prac
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(c) On registration for the degree
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(c) The following courses are requi
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Licensing, doctoral degree, special
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An examination period is set for th
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During the placement period, it is
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Greece
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Abbreviations/glossary ADSEN Anoter
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I.1. The institutions of higher edu
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Some universities, as it can be ded
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Non-university higher education in
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The objective of the academy is to
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I.3. Organisation of course of stud
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Final examinations and examination
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Students complete part of the pract
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I.3.2. University higher education
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All students are taught the same su
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Candidates’ entry into higher edu
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II.3.2. Final university qualificat
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Diagram of the Greek educational sy
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Iceland
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III. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF FIN
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Glossary BA/BS/BEd próf First univ
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I. Higher education system Accordin
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The non-university higher education
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At the end of the 10th grade all pu
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II.2. Intermediate qualifications i
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The university higher education ins
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Doktorspróf (doctorate degree) In
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III. Special types and forms of fin
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Diagram of the Icelandic education
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Appendix I Final qualifications Non
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Appendix II Final qualifications Un
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Postgraduate studies: Mathematics +
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Management Department (Rekstrardeil
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Contents Abbreviations 528 Glossary
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Glossary Ab initio Literally, ‘fr
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Modular credit system An approach t
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I. Higher education system Higher e
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There are eight colleges of educati
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Most courses are taught but many po
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An undifferentiated Class II grade
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the senior trade certificate of the
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Degree courses Bachelor degree: Thi
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Bibliography Central applications o
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Appendix I Samples of study program
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foundations of public administratio
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studies in the analysis of 20th-cen
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Bachelor in Obstetrics (BAO) six ye
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National University of Ireland Mast
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Master of Science (MSc) Master of T
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Glossary Diploma di maturità The s
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I. The higher education system In t
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At present, there are two official
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With reference to university autono
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(c) Schools for midwives University
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The curricula of a few CLs include
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II. Qualifications and diplomas Non
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The examinations are administered b
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The said examination might therefor
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(a) SS courses They are all subject
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According to the old official regul
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Only SDAFS undergraduates who have
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The laurea is an exclusively academ
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These two-year courses which, once
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Diagram of the Italian education sy
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Glossary Abitur Official certificat
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Internationale Akademie für Philos
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The degree Master of Philosophy (Ma
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Diagram of study programmes in Liec
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Glossary Certificat Generally used
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The one institution providing post-
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Each academic year at the CC is con
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II. Qualifications and diplomas The
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The ISERP and ISEE admit students o
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II.2.3. Academic recognition of int
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The study programme of the Departme
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Bibliography Structures et programm
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Abbreviations AIO Assistent in ople
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Glossary Afsluitend examen With the
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The discipline of theology is not o
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The length of the practical trainin
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These types of school award the fol
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Orientational Within the chosen fie
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II.3.3. Academic recognition of fin
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Post-doctorale professional program
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3. Ministry of the Interior: diplom
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National Service for the Inspection
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Diagram of the Dutch education syst
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Glossary Candidatus/candidata magis
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I. Higher education system Through
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Numbers of students from EU Member
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I.4.2. International credit transfe
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The majority of the shorter, non-un
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Graduate degree studies may be expa
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Diagram of the Norwegian education
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Faculty of Dentistry Degrees awarde
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University of Tromsø This universi
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Faculty of Psychology Degrees award
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The college sector Degrees awarded:
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Real estate agent Competent body: T
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Contents Glossary 728 I. HIGHER EDU
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I. Higher education system The gene
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Courses may run for a year, for sem
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The Núcleo de Acesso ao Ensino Sup
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II.3.3. Final qualifications in uni
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The Universidade Católica Portugue
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Diagram of the Portuguese education
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Design Design e Gestão da Produç
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Estudos Superiores Gregorianos, ár
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Tecnologia em Conservação e Resta
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Educação Ambiental Educação e G
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Marketing e Consumo Marketing e Rel
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Ciências Militares Aeronaúticas C
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Estatística Estatística e Investi
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Professores do 1. o ciclo do Ensino
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Ciências Sociais Clínica das Doen
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Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica Filos
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Matemática Matemática Aplicada Ma
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Appendix V Cartas doutorais por ram
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Ginecologia e Obstetrícia Hidrolog
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(b) Civil technician Conselho Coord
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Spain
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Abbreviations BUP Bachillerato Unif
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Formacion Profesional (FP) Modality
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I. Higher education system Higher e
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Another feature of the university s
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2. optional subjects. The final pas
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These qualifications are only award
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Diagram of the Spanish education sy
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Appendix I Alphabetical index of th
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Radioelectrónica Naval. Ingenieros
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Profesor de Educación Secundaria P
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Contents Glossary 792 I. HIGHER EDU
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Qualified as associate professor. D
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Lecturer. Föreläsning Lecture. F
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Prorektor Vice-rector, pro-vice-cha
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Holder of a chair. Ämnesråd Depar
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Thus, there is no distinction betwe
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Before 1993, there were about 100 g
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General degrees A new kind of högs
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Bibliography Hildebrand, M., Swedis
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Appendix I Degrees in Sweden In Swe
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In addition to these degrees of at
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• Around four months of practical
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Abbreviations A level Advanced leve
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Undergraduate One who has matricula
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While these institutions have much
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II. Qualifications and diplomas The
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European baccalaureate (EB) Courses
Page 566 and 567:
Colleges and institutes sometimes o
Page 568 and 569:
No distinction is made in the UK be
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The Doctor of Philosophy degree (Ph
Page 572 and 573:
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The Council also agreed a directive
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Chartered biologist C.Biol Institut
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Registered at stage 3 in the ‘Pro
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Diagram of the educational system i
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Appendix I General certificate of s
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Oxford and Cambridge Schools Examin
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Appendix III Degree structure: trad
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Appendix IV Bachelor’s degrees BA
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Appendix V Master’s degrees ChM M
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Appendix VI Doctorates DChD Doctor
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Higher MD MCh Doctor of Medicine MD
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