NARIC guide on Higher Education Systems in the European Union

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General degrees A new kind of högskoleexamen requiring 80 points (translated as ‘Diploma of Higher Education in...’ or ‘University Diploma in...’). Kandidatexamen requiring 120 points and a thesis of 10 points in the major subject of 60 points (translated as ‘Bachelor’s degree’). Magisterexamen requiring 160 points, one thesis of 20 points or two theses of 10 points and 80 points in the major subject (translated as ‘Master’s degree’). The kandidat- and magisterexamen may also indicate the major subject or faculty, for example ekonomie magisterexamen. All universities have the right to award the magisterexamen. The university colleges have to apply for this right, for each subject, and be determined as qualified to award this degree. Professional degrees These are awarded in the fields of engineering, medicine and dentistry, agriculture, teacher training, fine arts, etc., with mostly the same degrees as before (but during a period translated as ‘University diploma in...’. After 1994, there have been variations in the translation into English of the professional degrees; from 1996 onwards there has again been national coordination). Programmes leading to professional degrees vary in length from 40 to 220 points, depending on their character. There are around 50 professional degrees, approximately 30 of which are more than three years’ in length. II.3.3. Academic recognition of final qualifications in higher education for purposes of further study There are both general and specific requirements for admission to doctoral studies. Most long-term study programmes as well as the kandidatexamen give eligibility to doctoral studies in the field of specialisation. The general requirement is a higher education degree of at least 120 points, and the specific requirement is a major (60 or 80 points) in the subject concerned. In addition, the ability to pursue doctoral studies should be proved. II.3.4. Postgraduate degrees It is possible to obtain a licentiat- or doktorsexamen in all faculties with the faculty mentioned, for example teknologie licentiatexamen. It is also possible to obtain a filosofie doktorsexamen at faculties of engineering, not only in the philosophical faculties. The degrees awarded since 1993 are: Agronomie doktorsexamen — Doctor of Agriculture Agronomie licentiatexamen — Licentiate in Agriculture Ekonomie doktorsexamen — Doctor of Philosophy Ekonomie licentiatexamen — Licentiate in Business Administration and Economics Filosofie doktorsexamen — Doctor of Philosophy Filosofie licentiatexamen — Licentiate in Philosophy Juridisk doktorsexamen — Doctor of Law Juris licentiatexamen — Licentiate in Law Skoglig doktorsexamen — Doctor of Forestry Skoglig licentiatexamen — Licentiate in Forestry Teknisk doktorsexamen — Doctor of Philosophy Teknisk licentiatexamen — Licentiate in Engineering Teologie doktorsexamen — Doctor of Theology Teologie licentiatexamen — Licentiate in Theology
Doktorsexamen i farmaceutisk vetenskap — Doctor of Pharmaceutical Medicine Licentiatexamen i farmaceutisk vetenskap — Licentiate in Pharmaceutical Science Doktorsexamen i medicinsk vetenskap — Doctor of Medical Science Licentiatexamen i medicinsk vetenskap — Licentiate in Medical Science Doktorsexamen i odontologi — Doctor of Odontology Licentiatexamen i odontologi — Licentiate in Odontology Doktorsexamen i veterinärmedicin — Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Licentiatexamen i veterinärmedicin — Licentiate in Veterinary Medicine
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NARIC guid
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Austria
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Glossary Bundesgesetz Federal act.
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Introduction In 1993, the new Austr
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The Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna
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Examples of some study programmes (
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In the schools of art and music, do
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II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
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The special qualification for schoo
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Appendix I General university quali
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Dipl.-Ing. für industrielle Elektr
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Appendix IV Curricula charts The fo
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Chart 2 Veterinärmedizinischen Uni
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Belgium (French-speaking Community)
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II.3. Final qualifications in highe
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NB: The distinction between the two
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Legislative body on matters of gran
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University education is intended to
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I.3. Organisation of studies I.3.1.
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There are two examination sessions:
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(ii) qualification indicating abili
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Candidat(e) (2): en psychologie et
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From a strictly academic point of v
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Diplomas awarded at the end of cour
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After successfully completing the f
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Diagram of the higher education sys
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esthétique industrielle (industria
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Higher education in economics Ingé
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lettres (romanes...) (the arts (Rom
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For all the abovementioned courses
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Lectures left to the choice of the
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Candidates for higher education who
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Belgium (Flemish Community)
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IV. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF QUAL
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Glossary Geaggregeerde voor het lag
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II. Higher education in the Flemish
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16. dentistry 17. veterinary scienc
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II.3. Organisation of courses of st
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The student is examined in each sub
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Individual universities can decide
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Kandidaat: burgerlijk ingenieur bur
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(b) the specialisation courses are
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This is a form of higher education
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Appendix 1. Final degrees — hoges
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industrieel ingenieur in landbouw e
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Wetenschappen motorische revalidati
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Denmark
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Abbreviations AAA Arkitektskolen i
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College of nutrition and home econo
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Kunstakademi Academy of fine arts.
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Speciale Thesis. The candidatus deg
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The multifaculty universities are t
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I.2. Number of students 1992/93 Tot
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Marks and examinations Generally, m
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The higher commercial examination c
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It is possible to change to courses
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Before 1988, the name of the PhD de
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III. Special types and forms of fin
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IV. Recognition of foreign degrees
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Bibliography Publications in Englis
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Appendix II Danish non-university h
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Økonomaskolen The Danish School of
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Cand.tech.al. Candidatus(a) technic
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Second main subject chosen freely f
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Cand.scient. study programmes The c
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Chartered accountants, sworn interp
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Finland
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Glossary Alempi korkeakoulututkinto
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I. Higher education system In Finla
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All these 20 universities undertake
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At the end of 1995 the total number
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Non-university higher education In
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Each test in the new examination is
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New degrees — kandidaatti and mai
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The graduates can use two kinds of
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III. Special types and forms of qua
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Engineer second class (konemestari/
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Diagram of the education system in
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Appendix I List of qualifications i
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Teatteritaiteen kandidaatti/Kandida
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Old: until the end of July 1999 New
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Pharmacy Farmasian lisensiaatti/Far
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Appendix II Description of a degree
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Appendix III Description of a degre
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Appendix IV Description of a degree
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France
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II.3. Final degrees in higher educa
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Glossary Baccalauréat Secondary sc
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Lycées Lycées are secondary schoo
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to develop higher education in the
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There are eight other IEPs in the p
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the educational programmes: objecti
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I.2. Number of students In 1995/96,
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The organisation of the doctoral pr
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The baccalauréat examination The b
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II.2. Intermediate degrees in highe
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II.3.1. Final degrees in non-univer
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To receive the DUT, a student must
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Dentistry (requires five years of s
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Institutions of higher education ta
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Bibliography A. General publication
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Appendix I List of professions and
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Professions maritimes Capitaine de
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Contents Glossary 149 I. THE HIGHER
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Glossary Abendgymnasium General sec
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General education secondary school
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As universities for applied studies
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I.2.3. Classes and academic year Co
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II. Examinations and academic degre
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Grade scale The following grade sca
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The degree programme is divided int
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The individual advanced studies sub
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The advanced studies are concluded
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Stage II studies involve further co
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Training for this type of teaching
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According to an agreement by the St
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The degree programme in medicine in
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The examinee is presented with prac
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(c) On registration for the degree
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(c) The following courses are requi
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Licensing, doctoral degree, special
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An examination period is set for th
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During the placement period, it is
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Greece
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Abbreviations/glossary ADSEN Anoter
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I.1. The institutions of higher edu
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Some universities, as it can be ded
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Non-university higher education in
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The objective of the academy is to
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I.3. Organisation of course of stud
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Final examinations and examination
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Students complete part of the pract
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I.3.2. University higher education
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All students are taught the same su
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Candidates’ entry into higher edu
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II.3.2. Final university qualificat
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Diagram of the Greek educational sy
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Iceland
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III. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF FIN
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Glossary BA/BS/BEd próf First univ
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I. Higher education system Accordin
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The non-university higher education
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At the end of the 10th grade all pu
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II.2. Intermediate qualifications i
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The university higher education ins
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Doktorspróf (doctorate degree) In
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Diagram of the Icelandic education
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Appendix I Final qualifications Non
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Appendix II Final qualifications Un
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Postgraduate studies: Mathematics +
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Management Department (Rekstrardeil
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Contents Abbreviations 528 Glossary
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Glossary Ab initio Literally, ‘fr
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Modular credit system An approach t
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I. Higher education system Higher e
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There are eight colleges of educati
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Most courses are taught but many po
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An undifferentiated Class II grade
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the senior trade certificate of the
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Degree courses Bachelor degree: Thi
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Bibliography Central applications o
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Appendix I Samples of study program
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foundations of public administratio
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studies in the analysis of 20th-cen
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Bachelor in Obstetrics (BAO) six ye
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National University of Ireland Mast
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Master of Science (MSc) Master of T
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Glossary Diploma di maturità The s
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I. The higher education system In t
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At present, there are two official
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With reference to university autono
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(c) Schools for midwives University
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The curricula of a few CLs include
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II. Qualifications and diplomas Non
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The examinations are administered b
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The said examination might therefor
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(a) SS courses They are all subject
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According to the old official regul
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Only SDAFS undergraduates who have
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The laurea is an exclusively academ
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These two-year courses which, once
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Diagram of the Italian education sy
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Glossary Abitur Official certificat
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Internationale Akademie für Philos
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The degree Master of Philosophy (Ma
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Diagram of study programmes in Liec
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Glossary Certificat Generally used
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The one institution providing post-
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Each academic year at the CC is con
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II. Qualifications and diplomas The
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The ISERP and ISEE admit students o
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II.2.3. Academic recognition of int
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The study programme of the Departme
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Bibliography Structures et programm
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Abbreviations AIO Assistent in ople
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Glossary Afsluitend examen With the
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The discipline of theology is not o
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The length of the practical trainin
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These types of school award the fol
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Orientational Within the chosen fie
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II.3.3. Academic recognition of fin
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Post-doctorale professional program
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3. Ministry of the Interior: diplom
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National Service for the Inspection
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Diagram of the Dutch education syst
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Glossary Candidatus/candidata magis
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I. Higher education system Through
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Numbers of students from EU Member
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I.4.2. International credit transfe
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The majority of the shorter, non-un
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Graduate degree studies may be expa
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Diagram of the Norwegian education
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Faculty of Dentistry Degrees awarde
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University of Tromsø This universi
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Faculty of Psychology Degrees award
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The college sector Degrees awarded:
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Real estate agent Competent body: T
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Contents Glossary 728 I. HIGHER EDU
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I. Higher education system The gene
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Courses may run for a year, for sem
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The Núcleo de Acesso ao Ensino Sup
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II.3.3. Final qualifications in uni
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The Universidade Católica Portugue
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Diagram of the Portuguese education
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Design Design e Gestão da Produç
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Estudos Superiores Gregorianos, ár
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Tecnologia em Conservação e Resta
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Educação Ambiental Educação e G
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Marketing e Consumo Marketing e Rel
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Ciências Militares Aeronaúticas C
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Estatística Estatística e Investi
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Professores do 1. o ciclo do Ensino
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Ciências Sociais Clínica das Doen
Page 492 and 493: Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica Filos
Page 494 and 495: Matemática Matemática Aplicada Ma
Page 496 and 497: Appendix V Cartas doutorais por ram
Page 498 and 499: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia Hidrolog
Page 500 and 501: (b) Civil technician Conselho Coord
Page 502 and 503: Spain
Page 504 and 505: Abbreviations BUP Bachillerato Unif
Page 506 and 507: Formacion Profesional (FP) Modality
Page 508 and 509: I. Higher education system Higher e
Page 510 and 511: Another feature of the university s
Page 512 and 513: II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
Page 514 and 515: 2. optional subjects. The final pas
Page 516 and 517: These qualifications are only award
Page 518 and 519: Diagram of the Spanish education sy
Page 520 and 521: Appendix I Alphabetical index of th
Page 522 and 523: Radioelectrónica Naval. Ingenieros
Page 524 and 525: Profesor de Educación Secundaria P
Page 526 and 527: Contents Glossary 792 I. HIGHER EDU
Page 528 and 529: Qualified as associate professor. D
Page 530 and 531: Lecturer. Föreläsning Lecture. F
Page 532 and 533: Prorektor Vice-rector, pro-vice-cha
Page 534 and 535: Holder of a chair. Ämnesråd Depar
Page 536 and 537: Thus, there is no distinction betwe
Page 538 and 539: Before 1993, there were about 100 g
Page 540 and 541: II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
Page 544 and 545: III. Special types and forms of fin
Page 546 and 547: Bibliography Hildebrand, M., Swedis
Page 548 and 549: Appendix I Degrees in Sweden In Swe
Page 550 and 551: In addition to these degrees of at
Page 552 and 553: • Around four months of practical
Page 554 and 555: Contents Abbreviations 831 Glossary
Page 556 and 557: Abbreviations A level Advanced leve
Page 558 and 559: Undergraduate One who has matricula
Page 560 and 561: While these institutions have much
Page 562 and 563: II. Qualifications and diplomas The
Page 564 and 565: European baccalaureate (EB) Courses
Page 566 and 567: Colleges and institutes sometimes o
Page 568 and 569: No distinction is made in the UK be
Page 570 and 571: The Doctor of Philosophy degree (Ph
Page 572 and 573: III. Special types and forms of fin
Page 574 and 575: The Council also agreed a directive
Page 576 and 577: Chartered biologist C.Biol Institut
Page 578 and 579: Registered at stage 3 in the ‘Pro
Page 580 and 581: Diagram of the educational system i
Page 582 and 583: Appendix I General certificate of s
Page 584 and 585: Oxford and Cambridge Schools Examin
Page 586 and 587: Appendix III Degree structure: trad
Page 588 and 589: Appendix IV Bachelor’s degrees BA
Page 590 and 591: Appendix V Master’s degrees ChM M
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Appendix VI Doctorates DChD Doctor
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Higher MD MCh Doctor of Medicine MD
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