NARIC guide on Higher Education Systems in the European Union

Modular credit system
An approach to curricular organisation that divides courses into
‘modules’ or sections which can be organised in a more flexible way than traditional academic programmes, including the
possibility of
periods of industrial experience and a gradual accumulation of credits towards a certificate, diploma or degree.
National certificate
A two-year course of study validated by the National Council for Educational Awards.
Pontifical university
A privately controlled institution established by the Catholic Church. It shares a campus at St Patrick’s Maynooth, which is a
recognised College of the National University of Ireland.
Postgraduate
A student in higher education following a course of study of a higher level following that of a basic degree.
Postgraduate degree
A higher degree, at Master or doctorate level, to be taken following the first or Bachelor degree. Other educational awards at
postgraduate level include certificates and diplomas.
Primary degree
Bachelor or undergraduate degree.
A course in which periods of study in an educational institution alternate with periods of practical experience in an appropriate
work situation in industry, commerce or a profession.
School
A grouping of certain departments within a faculty with a view to promoting and coordinating interdisciplinary research and
teaching on a particular topic.