NARIC guide on Higher Education Systems in the European Union

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The habilitation (accreditation to direct high-level research) is a national diploma which is awarded to holders of a doctorat and which enables them to take competitive examinations for promotion to university professorship. Institut universitaire de technologie (IUT) Institute that is part of a university and offers two-year advanced technical training programmes. Licence National degree awarded upon successful completion of the first year of the second university cycle.
Lycées Lycées are secondary schools which offer training leading to the baccalauréat. There are general and technical schools and there are vocational schools. Some secondary schools have a section de techniciens supérieurs (STS) which offers technical programmes leading to the brevet de technicien supérieur (BTS) and the preparatory classes for the entrance examinations of the grandes écoles (CPGE). There are approximately 600 preparatory classes in lycées in different regions of France. Magistère This is a university degree accredited by the ministère de l’enseignement supérieur et de la recherche, which represents successful completion of a three-year interdisciplinary course of study after the first university cycle (DEUG or DUT); this course has not changed since 1990. Maîtrise National degree awarded upon successful completion of the second year of the second university cycle. Module First and second cycle university programmes are organised according to a course credit transfer system (modules) applied at many universities since the beginning of the 1993/94 academic year. Titre These degrees are diplomas recognised by the government and related to a specific profession (for example, the titre d’ingénieur or the titre de docteur en médecine). The holder of a degree must be able to prove that he or she was awarded the said degree by a State-accredited institution. Unité de valeur Credits are proof of the successful completion of semester or year-long courses in either compulsory or elective subjects.
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NARIC guid
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Austria
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Glossary Bundesgesetz Federal act.
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Introduction In 1993, the new Austr
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The Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna
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Examples of some study programmes (
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In the schools of art and music, do
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II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
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The special qualification for schoo
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Appendix I General university quali
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Dipl.-Ing. für industrielle Elektr
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Appendix IV Curricula charts The fo
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Chart 2 Veterinärmedizinischen Uni
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Belgium (French-speaking Community)
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II.3. Final qualifications in highe
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NB: The distinction between the two
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Legislative body on matters of gran
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University education is intended to
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I.3. Organisation of studies I.3.1.
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There are two examination sessions:
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(ii) qualification indicating abili
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Candidat(e) (2): en psychologie et
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From a strictly academic point of v
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Diplomas awarded at the end of cour
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After successfully completing the f
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Diagram of the higher education sys
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esthétique industrielle (industria
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Higher education in economics Ingé
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lettres (romanes...) (the arts (Rom
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For all the abovementioned courses
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Lectures left to the choice of the
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Candidates for higher education who
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Belgium (Flemish Community)
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IV. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF QUAL
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Glossary Geaggregeerde voor het lag
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II. Higher education in the Flemish
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16. dentistry 17. veterinary scienc
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II.3. Organisation of courses of st
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The student is examined in each sub
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Individual universities can decide
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Kandidaat: burgerlijk ingenieur bur
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(b) the specialisation courses are
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This is a form of higher education
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Appendix 1. Final degrees — hoges
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industrieel ingenieur in landbouw e
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Wetenschappen motorische revalidati
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Denmark
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Abbreviations AAA Arkitektskolen i
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College of nutrition and home econo
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Kunstakademi Academy of fine arts.
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Speciale Thesis. The candidatus deg
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The multifaculty universities are t
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I.2. Number of students 1992/93 Tot
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Marks and examinations Generally, m
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The higher commercial examination c
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It is possible to change to courses
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Before 1988, the name of the PhD de
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III. Special types and forms of fin
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IV. Recognition of foreign degrees
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Bibliography Publications in Englis
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Appendix II Danish non-university h
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Økonomaskolen The Danish School of
Page 125 and 126: Cand.tech.al. Candidatus(a) technic
Page 127 and 128: Second main subject chosen freely f
Page 129 and 130: Cand.scient. study programmes The c
Page 131 and 132: Chartered accountants, sworn interp
Page 133 and 134: Finland
Page 135 and 136: Glossary Alempi korkeakoulututkinto
Page 137 and 138: I. Higher education system In Finla
Page 139 and 140: All these 20 universities undertake
Page 141 and 142: At the end of 1995 the total number
Page 143 and 144: Non-university higher education In
Page 145 and 146: Each test in the new examination is
Page 147 and 148: New degrees — kandidaatti and mai
Page 149 and 150: The graduates can use two kinds of
Page 151 and 152: III. Special types and forms of qua
Page 153 and 154: Engineer second class (konemestari/
Page 155 and 156: Diagram of the education system in
Page 157 and 158: Appendix I List of qualifications i
Page 159 and 160: Teatteritaiteen kandidaatti/Kandida
Page 161 and 162: Old: until the end of July 1999 New
Page 163 and 164: Pharmacy Farmasian lisensiaatti/Far
Page 165 and 166: Appendix II Description of a degree
Page 167 and 168: Appendix III Description of a degre
Page 169 and 170: Appendix IV Description of a degree
Page 171 and 172: France
Page 173 and 174: II.3. Final degrees in higher educa
Page 175: Glossary Baccalauréat Secondary sc
Page 179 and 180: to develop higher education in the
Page 181 and 182: There are eight other IEPs in the p
Page 183 and 184: the educational programmes: objecti
Page 185 and 186: I.2. Number of students In 1995/96,
Page 187 and 188: The organisation of the doctoral pr
Page 189 and 190: The baccalauréat examination The b
Page 191 and 192: II.2. Intermediate degrees in highe
Page 193 and 194: II.3.1. Final degrees in non-univer
Page 195 and 196: To receive the DUT, a student must
Page 197 and 198: Dentistry (requires five years of s
Page 199 and 200: Institutions of higher education ta
Page 201 and 202: Bibliography A. General publication
Page 203 and 204: Appendix I List of professions and
Page 205 and 206: Professions maritimes Capitaine de
Page 207 and 208: Contents Glossary 149 I. THE HIGHER
Page 209 and 210: Glossary Abendgymnasium General sec
Page 211 and 212: General education secondary school
Page 213 and 214: As universities for applied studies
Page 215 and 216: I.2.3. Classes and academic year Co
Page 217 and 218: II. Examinations and academic degre
Page 219 and 220: Grade scale The following grade sca
Page 221 and 222: The degree programme is divided int
Page 223 and 224: The individual advanced studies sub
Page 225 and 226: The advanced studies are concluded
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Stage II studies involve further co
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Training for this type of teaching
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According to an agreement by the St
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The degree programme in medicine in
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The examinee is presented with prac
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(c) On registration for the degree
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(c) The following courses are requi
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Licensing, doctoral degree, special
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An examination period is set for th
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During the placement period, it is
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Greece
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Abbreviations/glossary ADSEN Anoter
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I.1. The institutions of higher edu
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Some universities, as it can be ded
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Non-university higher education in
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The objective of the academy is to
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I.3. Organisation of course of stud
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Final examinations and examination
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Students complete part of the pract
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I.3.2. University higher education
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All students are taught the same su
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Candidates’ entry into higher edu
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II.3.2. Final university qualificat
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Diagram of the Greek educational sy
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Iceland
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III. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF FIN
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Glossary BA/BS/BEd próf First univ
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I. Higher education system Accordin
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The non-university higher education
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At the end of the 10th grade all pu
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II.2. Intermediate qualifications i
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The university higher education ins
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Doktorspróf (doctorate degree) In
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Diagram of the Icelandic education
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Appendix I Final qualifications Non
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Appendix II Final qualifications Un
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Postgraduate studies: Mathematics +
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Management Department (Rekstrardeil
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Contents Abbreviations 528 Glossary
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Glossary Ab initio Literally, ‘fr
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Modular credit system An approach t
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I. Higher education system Higher e
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There are eight colleges of educati
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Most courses are taught but many po
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An undifferentiated Class II grade
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the senior trade certificate of the
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Degree courses Bachelor degree: Thi
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Bibliography Central applications o
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Appendix I Samples of study program
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foundations of public administratio
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studies in the analysis of 20th-cen
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Bachelor in Obstetrics (BAO) six ye
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National University of Ireland Mast
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Master of Science (MSc) Master of T
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Glossary Diploma di maturità The s
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I. The higher education system In t
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At present, there are two official
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With reference to university autono
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(c) Schools for midwives University
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The curricula of a few CLs include
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II. Qualifications and diplomas Non
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The examinations are administered b
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The said examination might therefor
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(a) SS courses They are all subject
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According to the old official regul
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Only SDAFS undergraduates who have
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The laurea is an exclusively academ
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These two-year courses which, once
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Diagram of the Italian education sy
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Glossary Abitur Official certificat
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Internationale Akademie für Philos
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The degree Master of Philosophy (Ma
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Diagram of study programmes in Liec
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Glossary Certificat Generally used
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The one institution providing post-
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Each academic year at the CC is con
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II. Qualifications and diplomas The
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The ISERP and ISEE admit students o
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II.2.3. Academic recognition of int
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The study programme of the Departme
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Bibliography Structures et programm
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Abbreviations AIO Assistent in ople
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Glossary Afsluitend examen With the
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The discipline of theology is not o
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The length of the practical trainin
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These types of school award the fol
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Orientational Within the chosen fie
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II.3.3. Academic recognition of fin
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Post-doctorale professional program
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3. Ministry of the Interior: diplom
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National Service for the Inspection
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Diagram of the Dutch education syst
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Glossary Candidatus/candidata magis
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I. Higher education system Through
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Numbers of students from EU Member
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I.4.2. International credit transfe
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The majority of the shorter, non-un
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Graduate degree studies may be expa
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Diagram of the Norwegian education
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Faculty of Dentistry Degrees awarde
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University of Tromsø This universi
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Faculty of Psychology Degrees award
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The college sector Degrees awarded:
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Real estate agent Competent body: T
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Contents Glossary 728 I. HIGHER EDU
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I. Higher education system The gene
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Courses may run for a year, for sem
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The Núcleo de Acesso ao Ensino Sup
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II.3.3. Final qualifications in uni
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The Universidade Católica Portugue
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Diagram of the Portuguese education
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Design Design e Gestão da Produç
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Estudos Superiores Gregorianos, ár
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Tecnologia em Conservação e Resta
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Educação Ambiental Educação e G
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Marketing e Consumo Marketing e Rel
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Ciências Militares Aeronaúticas C
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Estatística Estatística e Investi
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Professores do 1. o ciclo do Ensino
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Ciências Sociais Clínica das Doen
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Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica Filos
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Matemática Matemática Aplicada Ma
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Appendix V Cartas doutorais por ram
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Ginecologia e Obstetrícia Hidrolog
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(b) Civil technician Conselho Coord
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Spain
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Abbreviations BUP Bachillerato Unif
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Formacion Profesional (FP) Modality
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I. Higher education system Higher e
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Another feature of the university s
Page 512 and 513:
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2. optional subjects. The final pas
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These qualifications are only award
Page 518 and 519:
Diagram of the Spanish education sy
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Appendix I Alphabetical index of th
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Radioelectrónica Naval. Ingenieros
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Profesor de Educación Secundaria P
Page 526 and 527:
Contents Glossary 792 I. HIGHER EDU
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Qualified as associate professor. D
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Lecturer. Föreläsning Lecture. F
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Prorektor Vice-rector, pro-vice-cha
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Holder of a chair. Ämnesråd Depar
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Thus, there is no distinction betwe
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Before 1993, there were about 100 g
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General degrees A new kind of högs
Page 544 and 545:
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Bibliography Hildebrand, M., Swedis
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Appendix I Degrees in Sweden In Swe
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In addition to these degrees of at
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• Around four months of practical
Page 554 and 555:
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Abbreviations A level Advanced leve
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Undergraduate One who has matricula
Page 560 and 561:
While these institutions have much
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II. Qualifications and diplomas The
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European baccalaureate (EB) Courses
Page 566 and 567:
Colleges and institutes sometimes o
Page 568 and 569:
No distinction is made in the UK be
Page 570 and 571:
The Doctor of Philosophy degree (Ph
Page 572 and 573:
Page 574 and 575:
The Council also agreed a directive
Page 576 and 577:
Chartered biologist C.Biol Institut
Page 578 and 579:
Registered at stage 3 in the ‘Pro
Page 580 and 581:
Diagram of the educational system i
Page 582 and 583:
Appendix I General certificate of s
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Oxford and Cambridge Schools Examin
Page 586 and 587:
Appendix III Degree structure: trad
Page 588 and 589:
Appendix IV Bachelor’s degrees BA
Page 590 and 591:
Appendix V Master’s degrees ChM M
Page 592 and 593:
Appendix VI Doctorates DChD Doctor
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Higher MD MCh Doctor of Medicine MD
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NARIC guide on Higher Education Systems in the European Union

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