NARIC guide on Higher Education Systems in the European Union

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I. Higher education system The system of higher education in Luxembourg is officially regulated by the government. The government is represented by the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, which alone is responsible for policy planning. All higher education in Luxembourg is public. However, the creation of private institutions of higher education is possible. The conditions are determined by law. All sectors of education are governed by regulations and directives drawn up and administered by the Ministry of Education and Vocational Training. Higher education in Luxembourg is basically limited to: (b) non-university courses of three years at: the Institut supérieur de technologie de Luxembourg (IST) the Institut supérieur d’études et de recherches pédagogiques de Luxembourg (ISERP) the Institut d’études éducatives et sociales (IEES); non-university courses of two years at: the cycle court de Luxembourg the lycée technique ‘école de commerce et de gestion’ and the ‘lycée technique des arts et métiers’, Luxembourg (BTS); (c) postgraduate training at the Institut universitaire international de Luxembourg (IUIL) as well as postgraduate courses for future secondary school teachers (at the département de formation pédagogique). I.1. The institutions of higher education Institutions of higher education are supposed to cultivate and promote science and the arts by means of research, teaching and study. They prepare students for careers which require scientific knowledge or artistic creativity. Luxembourg has one academic institution of higher education, six colleges for advanced vocational training and one institution providing post-university education. There are no special art colleges or music academies. Institutions of higher education can therefore be divided into three groups. University The Cunlux includes the cours universitaires and the cours complémentaires. Students are offered the first year of university courses in most academic disciplines. Post-university
The one institution providing post-university education is the Institut universitaire international de Luxembourg (IUIL). The IUIL has a joint programme of lectures and seminars. Specialised and general training courses are offered regularly. Courses at the département de formation juridique and the département de formation pédagogique are offered at the Centre universitaire. Non-university The non-university higher education institutions offer advanced vocational training for technical engineers, primary and preschool teachers, teachers and instructors of special education classes and for bankers, and higher technician training courses. There are six non-university higher education institutions: IST (Institut supérieur de technologie) ISERP (Institut supérieur d’études et de recherches pédagogiques) IEES (Institut d’études éducatives et sociales) CC (cycle court) of the Centre universitaire LTECG (lycée technique ‘école de commerce et de gestion’) LTAM (lycée technique des arts et métiers). The cycle court d’études supérieures en gestion is part of the département de droit et des sciences économiques des cours universitaires. I.2. Number of students For the academic year 1996/97, the enrolment of students at the different institutions was as follows: (a) Centre universitaire: 658 département de droit et des sciences économiques 151 département des lettres et des sciences humaines 138 cycle court 249 (b) IST 301 (c) ISERP 336 (d) IEES 505 (e) LTECG and LTAM (BTS) 324 There is a significant number of foreign students (from EC member countries as well as from non-EC countries) enrolled at the Centre universitaire and the IST. I.3. Organisation of courses of study
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NARIC guid
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Austria
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Glossary Bundesgesetz Federal act.
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Introduction In 1993, the new Austr
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The Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna
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Examples of some study programmes (
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In the schools of art and music, do
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II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
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The special qualification for schoo
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Appendix I General university quali
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Dipl.-Ing. für industrielle Elektr
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Appendix IV Curricula charts The fo
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Chart 2 Veterinärmedizinischen Uni
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Belgium (French-speaking Community)
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II.3. Final qualifications in highe
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NB: The distinction between the two
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Legislative body on matters of gran
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University education is intended to
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I.3. Organisation of studies I.3.1.
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There are two examination sessions:
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(ii) qualification indicating abili
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Candidat(e) (2): en psychologie et
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From a strictly academic point of v
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Diplomas awarded at the end of cour
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After successfully completing the f
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Diagram of the higher education sys
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esthétique industrielle (industria
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Higher education in economics Ingé
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lettres (romanes...) (the arts (Rom
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For all the abovementioned courses
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Lectures left to the choice of the
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Candidates for higher education who
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Belgium (Flemish Community)
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IV. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF QUAL
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Glossary Geaggregeerde voor het lag
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II. Higher education in the Flemish
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16. dentistry 17. veterinary scienc
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II.3. Organisation of courses of st
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The student is examined in each sub
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Individual universities can decide
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Kandidaat: burgerlijk ingenieur bur
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(b) the specialisation courses are
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This is a form of higher education
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Appendix 1. Final degrees — hoges
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industrieel ingenieur in landbouw e
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Wetenschappen motorische revalidati
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Denmark
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Abbreviations AAA Arkitektskolen i
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College of nutrition and home econo
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Kunstakademi Academy of fine arts.
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Speciale Thesis. The candidatus deg
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The multifaculty universities are t
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I.2. Number of students 1992/93 Tot
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Marks and examinations Generally, m
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The higher commercial examination c
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It is possible to change to courses
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Before 1988, the name of the PhD de
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III. Special types and forms of fin
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IV. Recognition of foreign degrees
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Bibliography Publications in Englis
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Appendix II Danish non-university h
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Økonomaskolen The Danish School of
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Cand.tech.al. Candidatus(a) technic
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Second main subject chosen freely f
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Cand.scient. study programmes The c
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Chartered accountants, sworn interp
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Finland
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Glossary Alempi korkeakoulututkinto
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I. Higher education system In Finla
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All these 20 universities undertake
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At the end of 1995 the total number
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Non-university higher education In
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Each test in the new examination is
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New degrees — kandidaatti and mai
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The graduates can use two kinds of
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III. Special types and forms of qua
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Engineer second class (konemestari/
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Diagram of the education system in
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Appendix I List of qualifications i
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Teatteritaiteen kandidaatti/Kandida
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Old: until the end of July 1999 New
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Pharmacy Farmasian lisensiaatti/Far
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Appendix II Description of a degree
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Appendix III Description of a degre
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Appendix IV Description of a degree
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France
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II.3. Final degrees in higher educa
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Glossary Baccalauréat Secondary sc
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Lycées Lycées are secondary schoo
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to develop higher education in the
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There are eight other IEPs in the p
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the educational programmes: objecti
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I.2. Number of students In 1995/96,
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The organisation of the doctoral pr
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The baccalauréat examination The b
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II.2. Intermediate degrees in highe
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II.3.1. Final degrees in non-univer
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To receive the DUT, a student must
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Dentistry (requires five years of s
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Institutions of higher education ta
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Bibliography A. General publication
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Appendix I List of professions and
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Professions maritimes Capitaine de
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Contents Glossary 149 I. THE HIGHER
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Glossary Abendgymnasium General sec
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General education secondary school
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As universities for applied studies
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I.2.3. Classes and academic year Co
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II. Examinations and academic degre
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Grade scale The following grade sca
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The degree programme is divided int
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The individual advanced studies sub
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The advanced studies are concluded
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Stage II studies involve further co
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Training for this type of teaching
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According to an agreement by the St
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The degree programme in medicine in
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The examinee is presented with prac
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(c) On registration for the degree
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(c) The following courses are requi
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Licensing, doctoral degree, special
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An examination period is set for th
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During the placement period, it is
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Greece
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Abbreviations/glossary ADSEN Anoter
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I.1. The institutions of higher edu
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Some universities, as it can be ded
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Non-university higher education in
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The objective of the academy is to
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I.3. Organisation of course of stud
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Final examinations and examination
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Students complete part of the pract
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I.3.2. University higher education
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All students are taught the same su
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Candidates’ entry into higher edu
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II.3.2. Final university qualificat
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Diagram of the Greek educational sy
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Iceland
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III. SPECIAL TYPES AND FORMS OF FIN
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Glossary BA/BS/BEd próf First univ
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I. Higher education system Accordin
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The non-university higher education
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At the end of the 10th grade all pu
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II.2. Intermediate qualifications i
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The university higher education ins
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Doktorspróf (doctorate degree) In
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Diagram of the Icelandic education
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Appendix I Final qualifications Non
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Appendix II Final qualifications Un
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Postgraduate studies: Mathematics +
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Management Department (Rekstrardeil
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Contents Abbreviations 528 Glossary
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Glossary Ab initio Literally, ‘fr
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Modular credit system An approach t
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I. Higher education system Higher e
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There are eight colleges of educati
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Most courses are taught but many po
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An undifferentiated Class II grade
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the senior trade certificate of the
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Degree courses Bachelor degree: Thi
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Bibliography Central applications o
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Appendix I Samples of study program
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foundations of public administratio
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studies in the analysis of 20th-cen
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Bachelor in Obstetrics (BAO) six ye
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National University of Ireland Mast
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Master of Science (MSc) Master of T
Page 340 and 341: Contents Abbreviations 464 Glossary
Page 342 and 343: Glossary Diploma di maturità The s
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Page 346 and 347: At present, there are two official
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Page 362 and 363: According to the old official regul
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Page 377 and 378: Glossary Abitur Official certificat
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Page 381 and 382: II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
Page 383 and 384: The degree Master of Philosophy (Ma
Page 385 and 386: Diagram of study programmes in Liec
Page 389: Glossary Certificat Generally used
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Page 395 and 396: II. Qualifications and diplomas The
Page 397 and 398: The ISERP and ISEE admit students o
Page 399 and 400: II.2.3. Academic recognition of int
Page 401 and 402: The study programme of the Departme
Page 403 and 404: Bibliography Structures et programm
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Page 410 and 411: Glossary Afsluitend examen With the
Page 412 and 413: The discipline of theology is not o
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Page 416 and 417: II. Qualifications and diplomas II.
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Page 422 and 423: II.3.3. Academic recognition of fin
Page 424 and 425: Post-doctorale professional program
Page 426 and 427: 3. Ministry of the Interior: diplom
Page 428 and 429: National Service for the Inspection
Page 430 and 431: Diagram of the Dutch education syst
Page 434 and 435: Glossary Candidatus/candidata magis
Page 436 and 437: I. Higher education system Through
Page 438 and 439: Numbers of students from EU Member
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I.4.2. International credit transfe
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The majority of the shorter, non-un
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Graduate degree studies may be expa
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Diagram of the Norwegian education
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Faculty of Dentistry Degrees awarde
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University of Tromsø This universi
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Faculty of Psychology Degrees award
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The college sector Degrees awarded:
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Real estate agent Competent body: T
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Contents Glossary 728 I. HIGHER EDU
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I. Higher education system The gene
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Courses may run for a year, for sem
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The Núcleo de Acesso ao Ensino Sup
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II.3.3. Final qualifications in uni
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The Universidade Católica Portugue
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Diagram of the Portuguese education
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Design Design e Gestão da Produç
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Estudos Superiores Gregorianos, ár
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Tecnologia em Conservação e Resta
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Educação Ambiental Educação e G
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Marketing e Consumo Marketing e Rel
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Ciências Militares Aeronaúticas C
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Estatística Estatística e Investi
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Professores do 1. o ciclo do Ensino
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Ciências Sociais Clínica das Doen
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Fenomenologia e Hermenêutica Filos
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Matemática Matemática Aplicada Ma
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Appendix V Cartas doutorais por ram
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Ginecologia e Obstetrícia Hidrolog
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(b) Civil technician Conselho Coord
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Spain
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Abbreviations BUP Bachillerato Unif
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Formacion Profesional (FP) Modality
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I. Higher education system Higher e
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Another feature of the university s
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2. optional subjects. The final pas
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These qualifications are only award
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Diagram of the Spanish education sy
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Appendix I Alphabetical index of th
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Radioelectrónica Naval. Ingenieros
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Profesor de Educación Secundaria P
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Contents Glossary 792 I. HIGHER EDU
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Qualified as associate professor. D
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Lecturer. Föreläsning Lecture. F
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Prorektor Vice-rector, pro-vice-cha
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Holder of a chair. Ämnesråd Depar
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Thus, there is no distinction betwe
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Before 1993, there were about 100 g
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General degrees A new kind of högs
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Bibliography Hildebrand, M., Swedis
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Appendix I Degrees in Sweden In Swe
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In addition to these degrees of at
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• Around four months of practical
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Contents Abbreviations 831 Glossary
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Abbreviations A level Advanced leve
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Undergraduate One who has matricula
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While these institutions have much
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II. Qualifications and diplomas The
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European baccalaureate (EB) Courses
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Colleges and institutes sometimes o
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No distinction is made in the UK be
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The Doctor of Philosophy degree (Ph
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The Council also agreed a directive
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Chartered biologist C.Biol Institut
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Registered at stage 3 in the ‘Pro
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Diagram of the educational system i
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Appendix I General certificate of s
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Oxford and Cambridge Schools Examin
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Appendix III Degree structure: trad
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Appendix IV Bachelor’s degrees BA
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Appendix V Master’s degrees ChM M
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Appendix VI Doctorates DChD Doctor
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Higher MD MCh Doctor of Medicine MD
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NARIC guide on Higher Education Systems in the European Union

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