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Plenarvorträge - DPG-Tagungen

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Oberflächenphysik Donnerstag<br />

O 34 Oxide und Isolatoren<br />

Zeit: Donnerstag 11:15–13:00 Raum: H45<br />

O 34.1 Do 11:15 H45<br />

Investigations of SrO and BaO on the Si(001) surface — •J.<br />

Zachariae and H. Pfnür — Institut für Festkörperphysik, Universität<br />

Hannover, Appelstr. 2, 30167 Hannover<br />

In an attempt to generate epitaxial medium k (ǫr ≈ 30) BaO/SrO<br />

films we investigated the growth conditions, crystalline quality and stoichiometry<br />

using high resolution LEED, UPS, XPS and EELS. Epitaxial<br />

SrO and lattice matched Ba1−xSrxO layers were grown on a Sr/Si(001)<br />

interface in UHV by evaporation of the metals in a ambient oxygen pressure.<br />

The quality of oxide layers strongly depends on two conditions: The<br />

kind of interface e.g. a (5 × 1)-reconstructed Sr-layer and the accurate<br />

oxygen dose, which was determined by mass accumulation on a quartz<br />

crystal micro balance. A correct fraction of Ba and Sr in the mixed oxide<br />

layers leads to well ordered and lattice matched oxide films from a few<br />

monolayers up to 20 nm and more, as seen by the sharper (1 ×1)-LEEDpattern<br />

of the Ba1−xSrxO layers compared to the pattern of the SrO<br />

layers. The electronic structure as a function of the interface properties<br />

and the layer thickness will be discussed.<br />

O 34.2 Do 11:30 H45<br />

Ab initio embedded cluster study of optical second harmonic<br />

generation below the gap of the NiO(001) surface — •Khompat<br />

Satitkovitchai and Wolfgang Hübner — FB Physik, Technische<br />

Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße, D-67663 Kaiserslautern<br />

An embedded cluster approach is applied to study the electronic excitations<br />

on the NiO(001) surface. Using a quantum chemistry calculation, a<br />

small (NiO5) 8− cluster is embedded in a set of point charges to model the<br />

NiO(001) surface. Starting on the unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) level<br />

of theory we calculate ground-state properties to provide some insight of<br />

electronic structure and excitation. We estimate the excitation energies<br />

using the single excitation configuration interaction (CIS) technique. We<br />

then demonstrate the electron correlation effects on the d–d transitions<br />

at several levels of ab initio correlated theory (CID, CISD, QCISD and<br />

QCISD(T)). The electron correlation tends to decrease the magnitude of<br />

d–electron excitation energies. Using the many-body wave-functions and<br />

energies resulting from QCISD(T) calculation we compute the second<br />

harmonic generation (SHG) tensor for the NiO(001) surface. From that,<br />

the intensity of the non-linear optical response at different polarizations<br />

is obtained. This quantity can be directly measured in experiment, and<br />

we suggest possible conditions in order to detect it.<br />

O 34.3 Do 11:45 H45<br />

Ligand Field Approach to Optical Second Harmonic Generation<br />

on NiO(001) and CoO(001) surfaces — •Oleksandr Ney and<br />

Wolfgang Hübner — Department of Physics, Kaiserslautern University<br />

of Technology, Box 3049, 67653 Kaiserslautern<br />

Surfaces and interfaces of transition-metal oxides (TMO) play an important<br />

role in technological applications. The strongly correlated 3delectrons<br />

induce interesting effects, however making such materials difficult<br />

to describe theoretically. To explore the interfacial properties the<br />

optical Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) technique as a nondestructive,<br />

easy to implement, and powerful tool may be applied.<br />

In this work we compute the SHG response from the metal ion on<br />

the (001) surfaces of NiO and CoO. Calculation of states, active in optical<br />

SHG, is performed by using the Hubbard model, Clebsch-Gordan<br />

technique, and parametrized ligand field approach. This combination is<br />

capable of describing the higher lying states in transition metal oxides.<br />

Ionic bonding between metal and oxygen ions is assumed.<br />

As a result, the static dependences of prototypic nonmagnetic and antiferromagnetic<br />

(AF) nonlinear susceptibility tensor elements are calculated.<br />

Comparison of those spectra gives the energies for which the interference<br />

of magnetic and crystallographic contributions may be detected<br />

in the SHG experiment, thus allowing to detect the magnetic structure of<br />

the interface. Although there are more states within the gap for CoO(001)<br />

than for NiO(001), the former one might be as useful for technological<br />

applications, which also stimulates further investigations in FeO(001).<br />

O 34.4 Do 12:00 H45<br />

Oxidation von Ag(100) bei atmosphärennahen Drücken —<br />

•Ioan Costina 1 , Hannes Schiechl 2 , Andreas Stierle 1 , Michael<br />

Schmid 2 , Peter Varga 2 und Helmut Dosch 1 — 1 Max-Planck<br />

Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 3, 70569 Stuttgart,<br />

Deutschland — 2 Institut für Allgemeine Physik, Technische Universität,<br />

Wien, Österreich<br />

Sauerstoff ist ein Schlüsselschritt in der katalytischen Anwendung von<br />

Silber für die selektive Oxidationen von Ethylen und der Oxydehydrogenierung<br />

von Methanol. Hierbei ist vor allem die Adsorption und Dissoziation<br />

von Sauerstoff auf Silberoberflächen von großem Interesse, da<br />

man je nach Reaktionsbedingungen unterschiedliche Reaktionsprodukte<br />

erhält. Dafür werden unterschiedliche Oberflächenspezies verantwortlich<br />

gemacht. Die Oxidation der Ag(100) Oberfläche bei einem Sauerstoffpartialdruck<br />

von 10 mbar und bei einer Temperatur von 470 K führt<br />

zur Bildung einer wohlgeordneten Oxidschicht. Die Struktur dieses Oxids<br />

wurde mittels Rastertunnelmikroskopie (RTM), Beugung niederenergetischen<br />

Elektronen (LEED), Augerelektronspektroskopie (AES) und oberflächensensitiver<br />

Röntgenbeugung (SXRD) untersucht. Das LEED Bild<br />

der Oxidschicht zeigt eine c(4×6) Überstruktur mit 2 Domänen die gegeneinander<br />

um 90 ◦ gedreht sind. Aus den LEED, STM und SXRD-<br />

Messungen wurde ein Strukturmodel für die Silberoxidschicht abgeleitet.<br />

O 34.5 Do 12:15 H45<br />

In situ Oberflächenröntgenbeugung an Sauerstoff auf Ag(111)<br />

— •Alexander Reicho, Andreas Stierle, Ioan Costina und<br />

Helmut Dosch — Max-Planck Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstrasse<br />

3, 70569 Stuttgart, Deutschland<br />

Silber spielt eine wichtige Rolle als Katalysator bei der Epoxidation<br />

von Ethylen und der partiellen Oxidation von Methanol zu Formaldehyd.<br />

Es ist unklar, ob die katalytische Wirkung des Silbers durch ein<br />

Oberflächenoxid hervorgerufen wird. Wir haben daher in situ Oberflächenröntgenbeugungsuntersuchungen<br />

bei verschiedenen Sauerstoffpartialdrücken<br />

und Temperaturen durchgeführt. Auf der Ag(111) Oberfläche<br />

bildet sich bei einem Sauerstoffpartialdruck von 100 mbar und einer Temperatur<br />

von 500 K eine geschlossene Oxidschicht mit p(4×4) Rekonstruktion.<br />

Im Vortrag wird ein Strukturmodell der Oxidschicht vorgestellt<br />

und dieses mit einem Modell basierend auf STM-Messungen verglichen.<br />

Des weiteren wird ein Phasendiagramm des O/Ag(111)-Systems in<br />

Abhängigkeit von Druck und Temperatur präsentiert und ein Vergleich<br />

mit Dichtefunktionaltheorie-Berechnungen vorgenommen.<br />

O 34.6 Do 12:30 H45<br />

High-resolution core-level spectroscopy and LEED investigations<br />

of Ga2O3 on CoGa(100) surface — •Alina Vlad 1 , I.<br />

Costina 1 , A. Stierle 1 , H. Dosch 1 , E. Lundgren 2 , and J. Anderson<br />

2 — 1 Max-Planck Institut für Metallforschung, Heisenbergstraße 1,<br />

70569 Stuttgart — 2 Department of Synchrotron Radiation Research,<br />

Institute of Physics, University of Lund, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund,<br />

Sweden<br />

Ultra-thin oxide films are of interest for fundamental studies, as well<br />

as for industrial applications in sectors like heterogeneous catalysis, microelectronics,<br />

high-density data storage technologies. As an example, we<br />

investigated the thermally controlled oxidation of CoGa(100) using High<br />

Resolution Core Level Spectroscopy (HRCLS) and Low Energy Electron<br />

Diffraction (LEED) techniques. HRCLS measurements have been performed<br />

after oxidation at different temperatures up to 750 o C and pressures<br />

between 10 −8 and 5 · 10 −5 mbar O2 on the beamline I 311 at the<br />

Max-lab II, Sweden. After the oxidation at 450 o C an ordered ultra-thin<br />

oxide layer is formed, which shows in LEED a (2 x 1) reconstruction.<br />

After the oxidation at 750 o C and 5 · 10 −5 mbar O2, the LEED patterns<br />

indicate the change in the surface orientation of the oxide layer accompanied<br />

by surface faceting. Also, an additional component shifted to higher<br />

binding energy was observed both in Ga 3d and O 1s spectra.<br />

O 34.7 Do 12:45 H45<br />

SPA-LEED Studies of CoO Thin Films on Ag(100) —<br />

•Jian Wang, Ina Sebastian, Karl-Michael Schindler,<br />

Klaus Meinel, Henning Neddermeyer, and Wolf Widdra —<br />

Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, FB Physik, D-06099 Halle

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