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Symposium Non-Fermi Liquids in Quantum Structures Tagesübersichten Hauptvorträge NON-FERMI LIQUIDS IN QUANTUM STRUCTURES (SYNF) Organisiert von den Fachverbänden HL, MA und TT Prof. Dr. M. Sassetti Dipartimento di Fisica Universita di Genova Via Dodecaneso 33 16146 Genova Italy E-Mail: sassetti@fisica.unige.it Prof. Dr. R. Haug Institut für Festkörperphysik Universität Hannover Appelstraße 2 30167 Hannover Germany E-Mail: haug@nano.uni-hannover.de ÜBERSICHT DER HAUPTVORTRÄGE (Hörsaal H 1) SYNF 1.1 Do 15:00 (H 1) Coulomb Drag Between Quantum Wires: Beyond Tomonaga-Luttinger Model, Leonid Glazman SYNF 1.2 Do 15:35 (H 1) Spin and Charge Separation and Localization in One - Dimension Measured Using Momentum Resolved Tunneling, Amir Yacoby SYNF 1.3 Do 16:10 (H 1) Probing spin-charge separation in tunnel-coupled parallel quantum wires, M. Governale, U. Zülicke SYNF 1.4 Do 16:45 (H 1) A carbon nanotube quantum dot coupled to superconductors, Mark Buitelaar, Bakir Babic, Wolfgang Belzig, Christoph Bruder, Thomas Nussbaumer, Christian Schönenberger SYNF 1.5 Do 17:20 (H 1) Dimensional crossover and deconfinement in Bechgaard salts, Thierry Giamarchi SYNF 1.6 Do 17:55 (H 1) Spectroscopic signatures of spin-charge separation in a quasi-onedimensional organic conductor, Ralph Claessen Fachsitzungen SYNF 1 Non-Fermi Liquids in Quantum Structures Do 15:00–18:30 H 1 SYNF 1.1–1.6 HL 47 Quantendrähte und Korrelationseffekte Fr 11:00–13:00 H 15 HL 47.1–47.8 Die Kurzfassungen der gemeinsamen Fachsitzung Quantendrähte und Korrelationseffekte am Freitag Morgen (Sitzung HL 47) sind in dem Programm des Fachverbands HL aufgeführt.
Symposium Non-Fermi Liquids in Quantum Structures Donnerstag Fachsitzungen – Hauptvorträge – SYNF 1 Non-Fermi Liquids in Quantum Structures Zeit: Donnerstag 15:00–18:30 Raum: H 1 Hauptvortrag SYNF 1.1 Do 15:00 H 1 Coulomb Drag Between Quantum Wires: Beyond Tomonaga- Luttinger Model — •Leonid Glazman — Theoretical Physics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA We demonstrate that in a wide range of temperatures, Coulomb drag between two weakly coupled quantum wires is dominated by processes with a small interwire momentum transfer. Such processes, not accounted for in the conventional Luttinger liquid theory, contribute to drag only because the electron dispersion relation is not linear. The corresponding contribution to the drag resistance scales with temperature as T 2 if the wires are identical, and as T 5 if the wires are different. Hauptvortrag SYNF 1.2 Do 15:35 H 1 Spin and Charge Separation and Localization in One - Dimension Measured Using Momentum Resolved Tunneling — •Amir Yacoby — Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel We have measured the collective excitation spectrum of interacting electrons in one-dimension. The experiment consists of controlling the energy and momentum of electrons tunneling between two clean and closely situated, parallel quantum wires in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure while measuring the resulting conductance. At high elelctron densities the measured excitation spectrum clearly deviates from the noninteracting spectrum, attesting to the importance of Coulomb interactions. Notable is the observation of two excitation branches corresponding to spin - charge separation. In short wires, 6 microns and 2 microns long, finite size effects, resulting from breaking of translational invariance, are observed. Here spin and charge separation is manifested through Moire patterns generated from the spin and charge excitation velocities. At low electron densities the system abruptly looses translation invariance and becomes localized. We find that the localization length corresponds to the inter-electron spacing determined by the 1D electron density. Hauptvortrag SYNF 1.3 Do 16:10 H 1 Probing spin-charge separation in tunnel-coupled parallel quantum wires — •M. Governale 1 and U. Zülicke 2 — 1 Scuola Normale Superiore, piazza dei Cavalieri 7, I-56100 Pisa, Italy — 2 Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand Interactions in one-dimensional electron systems are expected to cause a dynamical separation of electronic spin and charge degrees of freedom. This non-Fermi liquid phenomenon, called spin-charge separation, manifests itself as a double peak structure in the single-electron spectral function, and can be detected by momentum-resolved tunneling spectroscopy. A promising setup consists of two quantum wires coupled by an extended uniform tunnel barrier[1]. We consider a minimal model for one-dimensional interacting electrons exhibiting spin-charge separation, where we neglect interactions between electrons with opposite chirality. We present results for the differential tunneling conductance and we discuss the features arising from spincharge separation. Furthermore, we provide a theoretical framework to go beyond the perturbative treatment of tunneling, and we calculate the density-density response function[2]. [1] O. M. Auslander, A. Yacoby, R. de Picciotto, K. W. Baldwin, L. N. Pfeiffer, and K. W. West, Science 295, 825 (2002). [2] U. Zülicke, and M. Governale, Phys. Rev. B 65, 205304 (2002). Hauptvortrag SYNF 1.4 Do 16:45 H 1 A carbon nanotube quantum dot coupled to superconductors — •Mark Buitelaar 1,2 , Bakir Babic 2 , Wolfgang Belzig 2 , Christoph Bruder 2 , Thomas Nussbaumer 2 , and Christian Schönenberger 2 — 1 Cavendish Laboratory, Madingley Road, CB3 0HE, Cambridge, United Kingdom — 2 Institut für Physik, Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH 4056 Basel, Switzerland The electron spin is of central importance in two of the most widely studied many-body phenomena in solid-state physics: the Kondo effect and superconductivity. We have investigated their mutual interplay at the level of a single spin in a carbon nanotube quantum dot. The quantum dot can be changed from a non-Kondo to a Kondo system as the number of electrons on the dot is changed from even to odd. We demonstrate that the Kondo correlations on the dot are not destroyed by the superconductivity if the Kondo temperature, which varies for different single-electron states, exceeds the superconducting gap energy. We observe multiple Andreev reflection peaks in the differential conductance. The position and magnitude of the subharmonic gap structure is found to depend strongly on the level positions of the single-electron states which are adjusted with a gate electrode. A theoretical model of the device reproduces some of the key features of the experimental data. Hauptvortrag SYNF 1.5 Do 17:20 H 1 Dimensional crossover and deconfinement in Bechgaard salts — •Thierry Giamarchi — DPMC, University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland The Bechgaard salts are made of weakly coupled one dimensional chains. This particular structure gives the possibility to observe in these systems a dimensional crossover between a high temperature (or high energy) one dimensional phase and a two or three dimensional system. Since the filling of the chains is commensurate the system thus undergoes a deconfinement transition from a one dimensional Mott insulator to a two (or three) dimensional metal. Such a transition has of course a strong impact on the physical properties of these compounds, and is directly seen in transport measurements. In order to describe such a transition a dynamical mean field method has been introduced (chain-DMFT). Using this method we investigate a system of coupled Hubbard chains and show that we can indeed reproduce the deconfinement transition. This allows to determine physical quantities such as the transport transverse to the chains and the shape of the Fermi surface and quasiparticle residues in the low temperature phase. The consequences for the Bechgaard salts are discussed. Hauptvortrag SYNF 1.6 Do 17:55 H 1 Spectroscopic signatures of spin-charge separation in a quasione-dimensional organic conductor — •Ralph Claessen — Experimentalphysik II, Universität Augsburg, D-86135 Augsburg In interacting one-dimensional (1D) metals conventional Fermi liquid behavior is expected to break down due to a dynamical decoupling of charge and spin degrees of freedom. Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) on the electronic structure of the quasi-1D organic conductor TTF-TCNQ [1] indeed reveals significant discrepancies to band theory. Instead, the experimental spectra can be well explained by the 1D Hubbard model [2], which accounts for the intramolecular Coulomb interaction and predicts signatures of spin-charge separation over the entire conduction band width. The model description can even be made quantitative, if one accounts for an enhanced hopping integral at the surface related to a relaxation of the topmost molecular layer. The importance of strong 1D correlation effects is further supported by a remarkable temperature dependence of the ARPES data. These results provide strong spectroscopic evidence for the occurence of spin-charge separation in the finite energy physics of TTF-TCNQ. Deviations of the Hubbard model description for the low-energy spectral behavior is attributed to the neglect of interchain coupling, long-range Coulomb interaction and/or electron-phonon coupling. [1] R. Claessen et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 096402 (2002). [2] M. Sing et al., Phys. Rev. B 68, 125111 (2003).
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