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Plenarvorträge - DPG-Tagungen

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Dielektrische Festkörper Montag<br />

DF 2 Elektrische und optische Eigenschaften II<br />

Zeit: Montag 14:30–16:50 Raum: H11<br />

Hauptvortrag DF 2.1 Mo 14:30 H11<br />

Charge induced insulator-metal transition and resistive memory<br />

in doped perovskites — •J. Georg Bednorz — IBM Research<br />

Laboratory, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland<br />

Certain doped perovskites exhibit a charge induced insulator-metal<br />

transition with a resistive memory effect. When exposed to an electrical<br />

field, the resistivity of the doped perovskite is reduced by several<br />

orders of magnitude. Consecutive electrical current pulses (typically 100<br />

ns) of opposite polarity switch the resistance of the perovskite reversibly<br />

between a higher-resistance and a lower-resistance state. These two different<br />

states persist after removal of the applied electrical bias. Since these<br />

compounds show long retention times they are interesting candidates for<br />

non-volatile memory applications.<br />

Bulk single crystals of doped SrTiO3 are a model system for this class<br />

of materials to study the drastic resistivity changes under applied electrical<br />

field and the memory effect. Optical changes in the crystal that are<br />

observed during this transformation indicate a gradual transformation of<br />

the bulk through injection of charges. Large birefringence of the crystal<br />

is observed in the conducting state during current flow. This is shown to<br />

be caused by mechanical stress due to sample heating. A rather homogeneous<br />

pattern, however, suggests a uniform current distribution. Charge<br />

transfer processes possibly mediate the conduction process as indicated<br />

by optical absorption spectroscopy on doped crystals. Electron spin resonance<br />

measurements give a hint at the presence of different valence states<br />

in the insulating and conducting state.<br />

DF 2.2 Mo 15:10 H11<br />

Elektronenstrahlinduzierte Modifizierung optischer<br />

Festkörperspektren für Anwendungen in der Sensorik<br />

der elektrischen Feldstärke — •M. König 1 , H. Balzer 1 , R.<br />

Bauer 2 , I. Sildos 3 und U. Bogner 1 — 1 Institut Physik II, Uni<br />

Regensburg — 2 BGS Beta-Gamma-Service, Saal/Donau — 3 Institute of<br />

Physics, University of Tartu, Estonia<br />

Für die optische Sensorik der elektrischen Feldstärke wurden in Diamant<br />

und Al2O3 spezielle Festkörperstörstellen (FKS) durch Bestrahlung<br />

mit 10 MeV Elektronen erzeugt. Grundlage der Methode ist der<br />

Einfluss elektrischer Felder auf stabile spektrale Löcher, die mit einem<br />

schmalbandigen Laser in die Nullphononlinie der FKS gebrannt werden.<br />

Wir konnten durch Elektronenbestrahlung und anschießendes Tempern<br />

Farbzentren als besonders geeignete FKS in natürlichen und künstlichen<br />

Diamantmaterialien mit N-Dotierung erzeugen. Zur Realisierung eines<br />

bildgebenden Verfahrens auf der Oberfläche von Hochleistungselektronikbauelementen<br />

soll ein Sensorfilm (Diamantpulver in Polymer) aufgetragen<br />

werden. Für die E-Feld-Sensorik in den gesinterten Al2O3-<br />

Keramiksubstraten der Bauelemente wurden sowohl Farbzentren als auch<br />

Mn 4+ -Ionen (die bei Mn-Dotierung nach Elektronenbestrahlung beobachtet<br />

wurden) untersucht.<br />

DF 2.3 Mo 15:30 H11<br />

Dynamic simulation of the pressure transformations in crystalline<br />

Al2O3 — •Sandro Jahn 1 , Mark Wilson 2 , and Paul A.<br />

Madden 1 — 1 PTCL, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1<br />

3QZ, UK — 2 Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London<br />

WC1H 0AJ, UK<br />

The high pressure phase behavior of crystalline Al2O3 is studied using<br />

molecular dynamics. For the atomic interactions we use an ashperical<br />

ion model (AIM), which incorporates both many-body polarization and<br />

short-range ion distortion. The model parameters are obtained by fitting<br />

to system properties extracted from well directed electronic structure calculations.<br />

The application and removal of pressure results in two phase<br />

transformations to and from the Rh2O3-II and an orthorhombic perovskite<br />

structure, respectively. The high pressure phases are understood<br />

in terms of changes in the ion coordination environments and corundum<br />

grain boundaries. The observed structures may have significant implications<br />

for the frequencies of the fluorescence lines of Cr + -doped Ruby<br />

pressure markers at extreme pressures.<br />

DF 2.4 Mo 15:50 H11<br />

Untersuchung von Initialstreu- und Verstärkungsprozessen<br />

bei der nicht-linearen Lichtstreuung — •K. Bastwöste 1 , U.<br />

Völker 1 , U. Dörfler 1 , M. Wöhlecke 1 , Th. Woike 1 , M. Imlau 1<br />

und M. Goulkov 2 — 1 Fachbereich Physik, Universität Osnabrück,<br />

Barbarastr. 7, D-49069 Osnabrück — 2 Institute of Physics, Kiev,<br />

Ukraine<br />

Die Untersuchung der isotropen holographischen Lichtstreuung bietet<br />

in photorefraktiven Materialien die Möglichkeit, sowohl neue Erkenntnisse<br />

über deren optische Eigenschaften als auch einen Einblick in die<br />

initialen Prozesse der holographischen Streuung zu gewinnen. Unter der<br />

Annahme, dass die Initialstreuung und der Betrag des holographischen<br />

Verstärkungsfaktors für zwei symmetrische Streuwinkel gleich ist, lässt<br />

sich aus dem Intensitätsprofil der Streulichtverteilung auf die Initialstreuung<br />

zurückschließen. Zusätzlich wird hierbei der Absorptionskoeffizient<br />

mit dem Wert Null genähert. Um diese Annahmen zu prüfen, haben wir<br />

die räumliche Streulichtverteilung von verschieden stark Cer-dotierten<br />

Strontium-Barium-Niobat-Kristallen (Sr0.61Ba0.39Nb2O6, SBN) als Funktion<br />

der Wellenlänge untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Absorption<br />

zu kleineren Wellenlängen für die Analyse des Streubildes berücksichtigt<br />

werden muss. Wir stellen unsere Ergebnisse im Rahmen des Modells zur<br />

holographischen Streuung vor und diskutieren in diesem Zusammenhang<br />

die Rolle des electron-hole-competition-factor.<br />

Gefördert durch die DFG (Graduiertenkolleg 659).<br />

DF 2.5 Mo 16:10 H11<br />

Kinetics of holographic recording in optically bistabile systems<br />

— •Martin Fally 1,2 , Stephan Hausfeld 1 , Theo Woike 1 ,<br />

Mirco Imlau 1 , Romano A Rupp 2 , and Mostafa Ellabban 2 —<br />

1 Fachbereich Physik, Universität Osnabrück, Barbarastr. 7, D-49069<br />

Osnabrück, Germany — 2 Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität<br />

Wien, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Wien, Austria<br />

Recently a new photorefractive effect was discovered in centrosymmetric<br />

crystals that could not be attributed to electrooptics. Subsequently<br />

the appealing properties of holographic scattering were revealed and since<br />

then the kinetics of diffraction and transmission have been a subject of<br />

study. Although the photosensitive properties of systems like sodium nitroprusside<br />

(Na2[Fe(CN)5NO] · 2H2O), garnets or even dye-doped polymers<br />

are of completely different origin, they astonishingly show similar<br />

behavior in their diffraction dynamics.<br />

In this contribution we present a model that describes the nonlinear<br />

kinetics of grating formation during holographic recording in optically<br />

bistable systems. We compare the experimentally observed diffraction kinetics<br />

of various centrosymmetric crystals to the predictions of the model.<br />

The far-reaching consequences will be discussed and further experiments<br />

will be proposed.<br />

M.F. is grateful for a Mercator-Gastprofessur funded by the DFG<br />

(OS 55/12-1). Financial support by the Austrian Science Fund FWF<br />

(P-15642) is acknowledged.<br />

DF 2.6 Mo 16:30 H11<br />

Time domain electric field relaxation, accessing the low temperature<br />

dependence of the ionic conductivity in Li3xLa2/3−xTiO3<br />

— •Alberto Rivera 1,2 , Jacobo Santamaria 1 , Carlos Leon 1 ,<br />

Thomas Blochowicz 2 , Catalin Gainaru 2 , and Ernst Roessler 2<br />

— 1 GFMC, Dpto. Fisica Aplicada III, Universidad Complutense de<br />

Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain — 2 Experimentalphysik II, Universität<br />

Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany<br />

The measurements of the modulus in the time domain, that is the relaxation<br />

of the electric field at constant dielectric displacement D, presents<br />

several advantages over the more spread permittivity technique. In particular,<br />

the electric response of ionic conductors can only be probed in<br />

the time domain by a modulus experiment. We analyze the dynamics<br />

of a fast ionic conductor, namely crystalline Li0.18La0.61TiO3. We introduce<br />

a capacity correction algorithm to obtain the spectra of the electric<br />

response from time domain measurements allowing a standard data analysis<br />

in the frequency domain. In this way ionic dynamics are investigated<br />

in the frequency range 10 −5 − 10 2 Hz and for conductivity values in the<br />

range 10 −14 −10 −8 S/cm. The DC ionic conductivity shows an Arrhenius<br />

temperature dependence below 300 K and down to 120 K, in contrast to<br />

the non-Arrhenius behavior found at higher temperatures, making it impossible<br />

to apply the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann law.

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