issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
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fatikuri~. glotalizebuli saxiTaa isini SenarCunebuli axal samxreTarabul<br />
enebsa da eTiosemiturSi, xolo faringalizebuli koartikulaciiT<br />
warmogvidgeba danarCen semitur enebSi, mag., arabulSi, arameulSi, ebraulSi.<br />
5. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa semituri fonologiisaTvis specifikuri<br />
e.w. lateraluri sibilantebis ŝ ¾ arseboba. aseve mniSvnelovania<br />
afrikat fonemaTa ganviTareba diaqroniaSi. Tumc afrikatebis protosemitur<br />
doneze aRdgena ar ivaraudeba, magram maTi ganviTarebis Sinagani resursi<br />
calkeul Stoebsa da enebSi sruliad bunebrivi iyo, rac ganxorcielda<br />
kidec. magaliTad SegviZlia davasaxeloT arabuli, aseve eTiosemituri<br />
enebi da dialeqtebi, agreTve axalarameuli dialeqtebi da a.S.<br />
(wereTeli 1979:112, mefariSvili 2008:83).<br />
6. dabolos, kidev erTxel unda vaxsenoT vokalTa qvesistema, romelic<br />
semitur konsonantizmTan SedarebiT bevrad Raribia, radgan igi funqcionaluri<br />
TvalsazrisiT erTgvarad SezRudulia, vinaidan Ziris semantikas<br />
ar gansazRvravs.<br />
saerTo-semituri fonologiuri sistemis zogadi daxasiaTebis Semdeg<br />
saWiroa yuradReba gavamaxviloT sistemis Semadgenel komponentebze. aRniSnul<br />
sistemaSi, Tavis mxriv, gamoiy<strong>of</strong>a ramdenime qvesistema Tu klasi,<br />
romelTa Sorisaa: a. vokalTa qvesistema; b. aproqsimantebi anu naxevarxmovnebi;<br />
g. likvidTa anu sonorTa klasi ( r l m n ); d. xSulTa klasi,<br />
romelic rva Tanmovans moicavs da Sedgeba labialuri, dentaluri, velaruli<br />
rigebisagan (b p d t ŧ g k q); e. cxra fonemisagan Semdgari<br />
sibilantTa rTuli qvesistema, romelic moicavs interdentalur (d, ţ,<br />
t ³ ), alveolarul (z s ¿), prepalatalur (š) da lateralur (ŝ ¾) sibilantur<br />
rigebs; v. eqvsi fonemisgan Sedgenili guturalur wyvileulTa<br />
qvesistema velaruli (ġ, h), faringaluri (‛, ħ ) da laringaluri (’, h)<br />
rigebiT.<br />
Tu SevadarebT protosemiturSi arsebul viTarebas calkeul semitur<br />
Stoebsa da enebSi dadasturebul suraTTan, anu Tvals gavadevnebT<br />
CamoTvlili qvesistemebisa da klasebis ganviTarebas diaqroniaSi, SegviZlia<br />
aRvniSnoT Semdegi: zemoCamoTvlili eqvsi klasi Tu qvesistema er-<br />
TmaneTisgan gansxvavdeba diaqroniaSi transformirebulobis xarisxiT;<br />
zogierTi maTgani konservatiulobiTa da stabilurobiT gamoirCeva, sxvebi<br />
ki SedarebiT mcire an maRali xarisxis modifikacias avlenen. Tu Sedarebis<br />
kriteriumad modifikaciis xarisxs gamoviyenebT, maSin zemoaRniSnuli<br />
qvesistemebi da klasebi SeiZleba sam jgufad daiyos; pirvel<br />
jgufSi gaerTiandeba iseTi qvesistema, klasi an klasis SigniT arsebuli<br />
rigi, romelic konservatizmiTa da stabilurobiT gamoirCeva, anu isini,<br />
romelTac diaqroniaSi cvlilebebi ar ganucdiaT da protosistemasTan<br />
identurobas avlenen. aseTia, magaliTad, mTlianad sonorTa klasi, agre-<br />
Tve xSulTa klasis SigniT stabilurobiT gamorCeuli dentaluri triada<br />
(d t ŧ), xolo sibilantTa qvesistemis SigniT – martiv alveolarul<br />
sibilantTa (z s ¿) triada.<br />
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