issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
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meore jgufSi SegviZlia gavaerTianoT fonemaTa is klasebi an qvesistemaTa<br />
is rigebi, romelTac diaqroniaSi calkeul enebsa Tu StoebSi SedarebiT<br />
umniSvnelo cvlilebebi ganicades. aq unda davasaxeloT naxevarxmovnebi,<br />
ukanaenismier wyvileulTa qvesistemis SigniT faringalebi,<br />
xSulTa klasSi ki _ labialuri da velaruli rigebi.<br />
mesame jgufSi ki gaerTianebulia fonemaTa is klasebi an qvesistemaTa<br />
is rigebi, romlebmac calkeul semitur Stoebsa da enebSi sagrZnobi modifikaciebi<br />
ganicades. aq pirvel rigSi unda davasaxeloT xmovanTa da<br />
sibilantTa (alveolaruli rigis gamoklebiT) qvesistemebi, agreTve guturalur<br />
wyvileulebSi – velaruli rigi.<br />
winamdebare statiaSi mokled SevexebiT meore da mesame jgufSi gaer-<br />
Tianebul klasebsa da rigebs. Tavdapirvelad mimovixiloT meore jgufSi<br />
gaerTianebuli klasebi da rigebi. protosemitur doneze aRdgeba ori aproqsimanti:<br />
w da y (mefariSvili 2008:147; diakonovi 1970). amasTan, ma-<br />
Ti realizacia da gamoyenebis sixSire calkeul semitur enebsa da StoebSi<br />
sxvadasxvagvaria. ase magaliTad, Tu samxreTsemitur StoSi, kerZod,<br />
samxreTarabulSi, eTiosemitursa da CrdiloarabulSi maT cvlileba ar<br />
ganucdiaT, aqadurSi orive maTgani dakargulia da nuls iZleva, CrdilodasavlurSi<br />
ki (ebraulSi, arameulSi, ugaritulSi, finikiurSi) Zalze<br />
dabalia w-is ZirSi Tanxmovnis funqciiT gamoyenebis sixSire, radgan Tavkidur<br />
poziciaSi w praqtikulad ar gvxvdeba, igi Canacvlebulia y-iT,<br />
anu ebraulsa da arameulSi semitur w-s ori refleqsi aqvs: II da III<br />
poziciaSi w, xolo Tavkidur poziciaSi – y.<br />
axla mokled ganvixiloT ukanaenismier wyvileulTa da xSulTa klasebi,<br />
romelTa calkeulma rigebmac met-naklebi xarisxis transformacia<br />
ganicades semitur enebSi. protosemitur doneze xSulTa klasi amgvarad<br />
aRdgeba: ix. (1)<br />
labialuri b p _ b _ _ b _ _<br />
dentaluri d t ŧ (1) d t ŧ (2) d t ŧ (3)<br />
velaruli g k q g k q _ k q<br />
sistemaSi erTi carieli ujredia, radgan qvesistemaSi ukiduresad<br />
markirebuli (gamyreliZe... 2003:173) glotalizebuli labialuri Ð-s aRdgena<br />
protosemitur donezec ar ivaraudeba. xSulTa klass mTlianobaSi<br />
cvlileba ar ganucdia CrdiloaRmosavlur aqadursa da Crdilodasavlur<br />
semitur enebSi: ebraulSi, arameulSi, ugaritulsa da finikiurSi im<br />
dros, roca mcired modificirebulia am klasis labialuri rigi samxreTsemitur<br />
StoSi. kerZod, arabulSi, samxreTarabulsa da eTiosemiturSi<br />
yru labialuri p gasulia xSulTa sistemidan da gadasulia napralovan<br />
Ff-Si; Sesabamisad, aq sistemaSi ori carieli ujredi gvxvdeba,<br />
ix. sqema (2). arabulSi ki xSulTa sistemam kidev erTi cvlileba ganicada,<br />
sistemaSi mesame carieli ujredi gaCnda, radgan velarul rigSi<br />
mJReri wevri g palatalur afrikat ğ-Si gadavida da axali opozicia<br />
Seqmna š-sTan. A<br />
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