issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
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amgvari minimalurad gansxvavebuli fonemebis simravle maRali alba-<br />
TobiT unda gamartivebuliyo. asec moxda. pirvel rigSi gamartivda damatebiTi<br />
an rTuli artikulaciis mqone fonemebi anu lateraluri da interdentaluri<br />
sibilantebi. lateraluri sibilantebi TiTqmis imave fonetikuri<br />
mniSvnelobiT mxolod epigrafikulsa da axal samxreTarabul<br />
jgufSia warmodgenili, xolo interdentalebi – Crdilo- da samxreTarabulSi,<br />
agreTve dasavlursemituridan ugaritulSi. aRsaniSnavia isic,<br />
rom im enebSic, sadac es fonemebi SenarCunebulia, Tavad rigis SigniT<br />
zogierTi wevri fonetikurad saxecvlilia. mag., arabulSi interdentalebis<br />
yru glotalizebuli wevri gamJRerebulia (ix. sqema 3), an kidev,<br />
igi aseve gamJRerebulia axal samxreTarabulSi, iseve rogorc protosemituri<br />
yru glotalizebuli lateraluri sibilanti, Tan am ukanasknels<br />
glotalizaciac dakarguli aqvs, Tumc lateralur koartikulacias<br />
inarCunebs, ix. sqema (2).<br />
kidev erTi umniSvnelovanesi modifikacia, romelic semituri enebis<br />
diferenciaciis adreul etapzeve ganxorcielda, ukavSirdeba SiSina š-s.<br />
kerZod, arabulSi, eTiosemitursa da samxreTarabulSi SiSina š gadavida<br />
sisina s-Si. am konteqstSi uaRresad sainteresoa zogadad protosemitur<br />
sibilantTa qvesistemis yru fonemaTa vertikalur oTxi wevrisgan Sedgenil<br />
rigSi ganxorcielebuli cvlilebebi. kerZod, oTxwevra opozicia<br />
SenarCunebulia mxolod samxreTarabul enebSi. aqve unda iTqvas, rom es<br />
msgavseba erTgvarad garegnulia, radgan š aq meoreuli warmoSobisaa da<br />
ar ukavSirdeba etimologiurad protosemitur š-s, romelic am enebSic<br />
arabulisa da eTiosemituris msgavsad s-Sia gadasuli. samxreTarabuli<br />
enebis garda oTxwevra opozicia arsad aRar gvxvdeba, igi samwevra opoziciad<br />
modificirda arabulSi, ugaritulSi da nawilobriv Zvelebraul-<br />
Si, arameulSi, aqadursa da eTiosemiturSi ki – orwevra opoziciebi<br />
dasturdeba, radgan aRniSnul enebSi transformirebulia yru sibilantTa<br />
opoziciis rogorc interdentaluri ţ wevri, aseve yru lateraluri ŝ-c,<br />
ix. sqema (4). aqve damatebiT SevniSnavT, rom lateraluri sibilantebis<br />
rigis meore glotalizebuli wevri ¾ yvelaze modificirebuli fonemaa<br />
ara mxolod sibilantTa qvesistemis SigniT, aramed mTel fonologiur<br />
sistemaSi. es istoriuli fonema sxvadasxva semitur enebSi realizebulia<br />
¿ đ ź ‛ refleqsebis saxiT (amaze dawvrilebiT ix. mefariSvili<br />
2008:107-111).<br />
Tu SevajamebT sibilantTa qvesistemis transformaciis xarisxs, unda<br />
aRiniSnos, rom uaRresad markirebuli da Sesabamisad, transformirebulia<br />
lateralur sibilantTa rigi, gansakuTrebiT, misi glotalizebuli<br />
wevri ¾, romelsac modifikaciebis kuTxiT konkurencias semituri fonologiuri<br />
sistemis verc erTi sxva wevri ver uwevs. lateralur sibilantebs<br />
sirTuliTa da diaqroniuli cvlilebebis kuTxiT mosdevs interdentalur<br />
sibilantTa samwevriani rigi. aqve damatebiT SevniSnavT,<br />
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