issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
konaTa grafikul sqemaSi akuzativi faqtobrivad or polarul aqtantur<br />
sferos emsaxureba: subieqtisa (S) da obieqtis (O) sferos, amasTanave,<br />
_ orive ZiriTadi saxis obieqtis velebSi (Od da Oid). imavdroulad,<br />
akuzativi emsaxureba adverbialur sirkonstantebs. xsenebuli funqciebis<br />
dublireba ki xdeba yvela danarCeni iribi brunvebis meSveobiT.<br />
amitomac, am suraTis aRsawerad, gamarTlebuli meCveneba is, rom<br />
j.gondam indoevropul akuzativs uwoda `bundovani~ an `orazrovani~<br />
brunva (ambiguous case) (gonda 1975:63-71).<br />
qvemoT CamovTvliT Zveli sparsulis (zogadad indoevropulis) akuzativis<br />
ZiriTad funqciebs Cemi Sromebis, Cemi masalisa da sxva zogadi<br />
gamokvlevis safuZvelze, tipologiuri fonis gaTvaliswinebiTa da mokle<br />
zogadi miTiTebis principiT:<br />
1. e.w. saskolo gramatikebSi yvelaze tradiciuli da gavrcelebuli<br />
indoevropuli akuzativis funqcia, _ e.w. pirdapiri damatebis aRniSvna.<br />
sinamdvileSi, retrospeqtulad esaa yvelaze gviani da meoreuli (meoradi)<br />
funqcia.<br />
2. yvelaze pirveladi da imTaviTve damaxasiaTebeli, amosavali indoevropuli<br />
akuzativis funqcia, _ mimarTulebiTi, Seesabameba Semdeg<br />
sintaqsur rolebs: iribi (an zogadi) obieqti (Oid), ubralo (Soreuli,<br />
garegani) damateba (Oext), adgilianobis aqtantebi da sivrcobrivi sirkonstantebi<br />
(Adv).<br />
3. sufTa, mkacri iribi obieqti (Oid), arasinkretuli, arasinkretizebuli<br />
Oext-Tan. aseTi Oid-is saukeTeso magaliTebia konebSi, sadac<br />
zmnebi an mimReoburi predikatuli birTvebi garkveul leqsikur-semantikur<br />
wres ganekuTvnebian: laparaki, Tqma, brZaneba, micema, moZraoba, mimar-<br />
Tuleba, _ wasvla, gamgzavreba, gagzavna, da sxva misT.<br />
4. iribi subieqti, posesori (S obl, Sposs). iribi obieqti, gadaazrebuli<br />
realurad S obl-ad, irib subieqtad, posesorad. gadaazrebis sqemaa:<br />
Oid>Sobl. am aqtantebis wamyvani semantikuri rolia posesori, xolo sintaqsuri<br />
rolia iribi obieqti, gadaazrebuli posesorad: Oid>Sposs. es<br />
roli funqciobs sxvadasxva posesiur konebSi. akuzativis es funqcia<br />
Zvel sparsulSi ganzogadoebulia ufro farTo funqciuri semantikis<br />
sferoSi: es aris gramatikuli posesiurobis sfero: posesiurobis cneba<br />
ara oden semantikuria, aramed iZens gramatikuli, morfosintaqsuri kategoriis<br />
mniSvnelobas.<br />
5. afeqturi zmnebis iribi subieqti maTi semantikuri da gramatikuli<br />
mniSvnelobiT. 1 sintaqsuri aqtantis Oid>S semantikuri roli aq gani-<br />
1 afeqturoba, afeqturi konstruqcia, afeqturi iribi subieqti, sxvadasxva enaTa masalazec<br />
sxva avtorTa mier aRiarebulia ara oden semantikur (Sinaarsobriv) cnebebad, aramed<br />
gramatikuli kategoriis cnebebadac; anu afeqturi subieqtis, eqsperienceris cneba<br />
terminologiurad garkveul gramatikul formebs gulisxmobs, kerZod, _ romelime<br />
iribi brunvis formas, magaliTad, dativs (alekseevi 1981; edelmani 1974). am statiaSi<br />
afeqtivi, eqsperienceri iribsubieqturi arsis mqone akuzativia.<br />
223
Change language