issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
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i masdarebi da zogadad ie ormagi akuzativi). 8. relatiuri nacvalsaxelebi<br />
h(a)ya, t(a)ya da maTi kavSiri sityvaTa rigTan; msazRvrel-sazRvrulis<br />
standartebi. 1<br />
yvela maxasiaTebeli ase Tu ise ukavSirdeba sityvaTa rigis faqtors.<br />
teqstidan gamoy<strong>of</strong>ili morfosintaqsuri konebis simpTomatur komponentebze<br />
maTi farTo diaqroniul-tipologiuri fonis gaTvaliswinebiT nawilobriv<br />
ukve araerTgzis mqonda laparaki. ase, magaliTad, akuzativis<br />
polifunqcioba Cemi terminia (saxokia: 1984, saxokia 1985: 3-42, 141-<br />
162). zogierTi komponentis Sesaxeb arsebobs sxvadasxva drois sxvadasxva<br />
specialistTa urTierTmsgavsi debulebebic, kerZod, _ akuzativis<br />
garSemo (meie, kenti, odri, popovi, desnickaia 1981, 1983; popovi 1881,<br />
krisko 1988, 1990, 1984, 1994; Smalstigi 1982 I, 1982 II, gamyreliZe-ivanovi<br />
1981, 1984:285-288; Sdr. saxokia 1984, 1985:3-42, 141-162). Sedegad<br />
ikveTeba akuzativis qcevis sintaqsur-semantikuri xazi *pie prototipis<br />
CaTvliT, rac kargad aisaxeba memkvidre enebSi. es exeba Zvel sparsulsac.<br />
akuzativis mimarTeba sxvadasxva irib brunvebTan avlens bevri<br />
wamyvani funqciis damTxvevas. morfosintaqsur planSi, magaliTad, aRsaniSnavia<br />
transformacia iribi ibieqti (Oid)> pirdapiri obieqti (Od)<br />
(ix. Smalstigi 1982 I:119-134, 1982 II, 1980, 1981; Sdr. saxokia 1984,<br />
1985). Sesabamisad, morfosintaqsuri kona P (predikati)+Oid> P+Od. diaqroniul<br />
dinamikaSi, rogorc Zveli *pie morfosintaqsuri fenomeni, aisaxeba<br />
memkvidre enebSic. diaqronistebis mier gardamavloba ganixileba<br />
pirvel rigSi rogorc semantikuri (leqsikur-semantikuri an logikursemantikuri)<br />
kategoria ufro metad, vidre gramatikuli. mag., j. gonda<br />
adarebs sanskritul sintagmebs: `qalaqs wavida (laT. tipi venit Romam)~<br />
da `qalaqi SeWama~. meore sintagma pirdapiri gagebiT semantikurad SeuZlebelia,<br />
magram indoevropul enebSi SesaZlebelia genitiviT anu iribi<br />
brunviT pirdapiri obieqtis gamoxatva. es partitiuli genitivi vedebSic<br />
ixmareba. „wylis daleva~, `somis daleva~, `somas svams~ somasya pibbti,<br />
somām pibati, nagaram gacchati/asyati da a.S., partitiuli genitivi an akuzativi<br />
(gonda 1957/1975: 44-62). Sesapirispirebelia agreTve adverbialuri<br />
paraleluri formebi Gen. Instr., Acc: `Rame, Rames, RamiT~ skr. naktam,<br />
naktasya, naktena (gonda 1957/1975: 44-62). partitiuli genitivi Genitivus<br />
Partitivi pirdapiri obieqtisTvis Gen,-Od, cnobilia rusulSic, xolo<br />
sawyisTan obieqturi naTesaobiTi Genitivus Obiectivus qarTulSic kargadaa<br />
warmodgenili. adverbialuri moqmedebiTi, iseve rogorc indoevropuli<br />
akuzativis Sesabamisi adverbialuri dativi (Dat), qarTulSic saxezea,<br />
1 es ukanaskneli ukavSirdeba teqstis qsovilis struqturis, danawevrebisa da stilis<br />
calke mdgom sakiTxebs. irkveva, rom aq Zvelsparsul warweraTa teqstebis metrisa<br />
da ritmis sayuradRebo problematikacaa Careuli; am warweraTa qsovilSi poetikuri<br />
faqtoris arsebobac ki aris SeniSnuli (andronikaSvili 1990). morfosintaqsuri<br />
erTeulebis gamoy<strong>of</strong>is procesSi marTlac vawydebiT stilis, metrikisa da<br />
ritmis faqtorTa moqmedebas. EBO<br />
220
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