issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
issues of linguistics - Tbilisi State University
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1. erTi da igive morfologiuri forma asrulebs mraval sxvadasxva<br />
rangis sintaqsur-semantikur funqcias;<br />
2. imavdroulad sxvadasxva formebsac aerTianebs erTi saerTo sintaqsur-semantikuri<br />
funqcia.<br />
jamSi, sinqronul doneze adgili aqvs farTo polifunqciurobis,<br />
sinkretizmis movlenas da polimorfizmis anu morfosintaqsuri sinonimiis<br />
movlenas.<br />
Zveli sparsulis enobrivi sistemis tranzitoruloba, _ fleqsiis<br />
rRveva da analitizmis ganviTarebis dasawyisi, _ mxolod nawilobriv axsnis<br />
am morfosintaqsuri maxasiaTeblebis sakmaod maRal xarisxs. farTo<br />
tipologiuri TvalTaxedva gviCvenebs, rom mxolod amgvari axsna iqneboda<br />
arasruli, radgan sinamdvileSi polisemia da polimorfizmi met-naklebad<br />
bevr sxva enasac axasiaTebs, iqneba es diaqronia Tu sinqronia. magaliTisTvis,<br />
aq sakmarisia tipologiurad SevadaroT indoevropuli akuzativisa<br />
da qarTveluri dativis statusebi. msgavsi diaqroniul-tipologiuri<br />
ie//(q)qv erTobebis dadgenis Sedegad adreve gamovyaviT e. w. saerTo<br />
brunvebis seriebi. am brunvaTa dasaxelebebi Seesabameba ara morfologiur<br />
formas, aramed mocemul formaTa erTobliobis yvelaze ganzogadoebul,<br />
wamyvan, sintaqsur semantikas. amdenad, saerTo brunvebi warmoadgenen<br />
faqtobrivad siRrmiseul semantikur brunvebs, gamovlenils konkretuli<br />
gamokvleuli masalis safuZvelze. saerTo brunvebi invariantebia,<br />
xolo semantikur-sintaqsuri niSniT gaerTianebuli formebis jgufi,<br />
_ variantebi. invariantis realizacia ie//qv diaqroniul-tipologiuri<br />
diapazoniT xorcieldeba specialur tabulaze aRbeWdili variantebis saxiT<br />
(ix. saxokia 1984, saxokia 1985:3-42, 157-162, tab. 9, 11).<br />
erTi saerTo funqciiT gaerTianebuli elementebi tabulebze grafikuli<br />
sxivebis meSveobiT `gamosxivdebian~ semantikur-siRrmiseuli invariantidan.<br />
magaliTad, gvaqvs zogadi dativi (mimarTuleba, adresati), zogadi<br />
lokativi (adgilmdebareobis sxvadasxva formebi), zogadi agensi an<br />
subieqti da a.S. Teoriulad aseTi midgoma Cveni faqtebisadmi exmaureba<br />
araerT cnobil zogad Tu specialur debulebas da sistemebs brunvebis<br />
garSemo (Comski 1968, filmori 1970; Sdr. kempfi 1973). aq saintereso<br />
isaa, rom Zveli sparsulis monacemebi moicaven Cveni zogadi grafikuli<br />
sqemis yvela ZiriTad punqts da Seicaven induriranuli enebisTvis, da<br />
srulad indoevropuli uzusisTvis damaxasiaTebel simpTomatur sakvalifikacio-sakodifikacio<br />
morfosintaqsur niSnebs (Sdr. gonda 1975, oranskaia<br />
1986, Smalstigi 1980, 1982 da sxva). viRebT `funqciaTa ganfenis~<br />
farTo suraTs. am funqciaTa matarebeli komponentebisagan Semdgari konebi<br />
moZraoben sinqroniul-diaqroniul sibrtyeebze da periodulad icvlian<br />
calkeul Semadgenel komponentebs, _ formebs an maT funqciebs. am<br />
cvalebadobaSi ase Tu ise did rols asrulebs ori morfosintaqsuri<br />
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