Argi papirusas gali augti ten, kur nėra pelkių? Argi nendrės ... - Logos

Gauta 2002-02-10
Tæsinys. Pradþia „Logos“ Nr. 31, 32
AUDRIUS BEINORIUS
Kultûros, filosofijos ir meno institutas
MOKSLINË MINTIS
ÞODÞIO (VÂC) TEOLOGIJA RELIGINËJE
INDIJOS KULTÛROJE
The Theology of the Word (vâc) in Indian
Religious Culture
SUMMARY
The climax of a hermeneutics of synthesis and the sacred Verbum exegesis is represented in Tantric
Kashmiri tradition and mainly in Abhinavagupta’s works. In his Parâtrîúikâ Vivaraa, one of the most
fascinating but also most difficult mystical texts of the Kashmir Úaiva philosophy dealing with the theory
and practice of mantra, Abhinavagupta presents a penetrating metaphysics of language and its various
stages in relation to consciousness.
The 50 letters of the Sanskrit alphabet, which are the smallest phonemic units into which speech
can be analysed, are a symbolic expression of the principal elements of the activity of consciousness.
While the Vedic mantras are comprised of complete sentences, the Tantric mantras are in the form of
monosyllabic vocables only, technically called the bîjamantras, in theory, are sonic manifestations of
basic cosmic powers. The most interesting example of the association of the Sanskrit alphabet (varamâlâ)
with the cosmology and activity of consciousness is Abhinavagupta’s esoteric exegesis of the symbolic
significance of the mantra A h a ˜, which in Sanskrit means ‘I’ and symbolises by its form the dynamic
nature of the Self. The mantric utterance gets singled out as the one form of discource that enables a
human being to assert, to recognize (pratyabhijñâ) his freedom within the cosmic process by identifying
himself with Úiva. The right mantra used in the proper way by a qualified person is believed to be a
key that unlocks the Úaktic structure of the cosmos. Abhinavagupta’s subtle speculation on the Word
extends from its mystical dimension to the intricacies of the Sanskrit alphabet and linguistic speculation,
from psychological subtleties to philosophical reasoning.
RAKTAÞODÞIAI. Hinduizmas, tantrinë teologija, lingvistinë indø tradicija, religijotyra.
KEY WORDS. Hinduism, Tantric theology, Indian linguistic tradition, comparative religious studies.
LOGOS 34
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