Dimensiuni ale limbajului n context carceral

some of the ST elements in order to get the message through. When working with the elements identified
during the cultural analysis of the text we must carefully consider the strategy we are going to apply in
translation. In the year 2000 Venutti indicated two possibilities: domestication and foreignization.
Domestication is a strategy which follows to some extent the lines indicated by Peter Newmark. The translator
must provide a target language (TL) equivalent for the element that s/he initially identified as “cultural” in
the ST. According to the context in which the translation is being produced, the translator may choose
between cultural, functional or descriptive equivalents. As Venutti suggests, domestication is favored when
translating from a national language into the language of a very influential nation (from Romanian into
English for example). This happens because of the great power that the British Empire, and then the USA had
and have in the world. Moreover, since English seems to have become some sort of lingua franca in almost all
domains, more and more texts written by non-native speakers are produced in English. Thus, from the very
begging of the text-production process, cultural elements are either neutralized or explained in English.
However, this approach is restricted, and it can be used only in very specific cases, like newspaper
articles, for instance. Foreignization, on the other hand, offers the translators the possibility of using it more
extensively. This method supposes the presence of the foreign element in the translated text. All elements
pointing at a different reality must remain as such and the distance between cultures must be preserved. The
usage of such an approach states the translator’s intention in raising awareness towards the elements of culture
specific. Such a method is widely used in functionalism, where the point of focus – previously aimed at the
source text – changes and moves towards the client. In functionalism the translator is interested in transmitting
the message that best suits the client’s demands and expectations and to make him/her understand the
differences between how the Other thinks and acts. As far as cultural translation in concerned, raising
awareness is possible only by preserving the foreign element in the final product.
Needless to say that domestication and foreignization can be applied in the case of street and youth
culture as well. Nowadays youth culture is more and more relevant for translation, because the market offers
numerous products related to this subject: sociolinguistic treaties, magazines, films, literature, etc. But, as I
was taught, before one can actually start translating or applying one method or the other, a lot of research is
needed in order to become familiar with the domain.
Street culture and youth culture
Street culture and youth culture are very closely related. The present urban milieu is populated with a
great deal of young people who have a lot of spare time, which they spend with mates, usually outside. As M.
Brake (1985: 66) indicates, street culture is about males involved in activities such as “soccer, cafes, pubs,
dancing, hanging about with mates which all the subcultural studies reflect”. Along with the gender
characteristic, another aspect stands yet to define street: age. Most of the people who are actively involved