Dimensiuni ale limbajului n context carceral

Hence, an interesting and prolific domain of study which requires not merely attaching a θ role to a phrase and
associating it with a syntactic function, but rather evaluating initial structures by virtue of the result obtained.
The syntactic reorganization that is at stake observes three processes:
a. the DS (Deep Structure) accommodates two parallel structures that can exist as such or in a
coordinate fashion 1 under constituent identity: the first identity relation is the lexical one 2 ; the second
identity relation is the syntactic one 3 .
b. syntactic transformations occur: the two phrases which are lexically identical in both structures
suffer a reduction, in that one of them disappears under ellipsis.
Ellipsis 4 is generally defined as deletion under identity for economical and pertinence purposes (Grice’s
maxims). It so happens that in order to avoid repetition of what is easily retraceable from the context one item
is deleted 5 .
c. one of the initial parallel syntactic functions remains stranded, but undergoes operation Merge onto
a new head: the functional frame integrates the stranded item creating a semantic chain.
1.1. Semantic Aspects
(1) Mă iubeşte pe mine./ He loves me. Nu iubeşte pe altcineva./ He doesn’t love anybody else.
Nu iubeşte pe altcineva în afară de mine./ He doesn’t love anybody but me.
Exception adverbials require the existence of a chain that includes an element which expresses totality or
wholeness from which exception can be deduced.
In the case of Romanian, totality or wholeness can be expressed via indefinite phrases (altfel, altceva,
altcumva, altcândva, altunde, nimeni, nimic, niciunul, niciuna etc) which form a chain with the complement
of the adverbial. The chain between the two initial parallel syntactic functions is reinforced by the chain
between the functional frame and the NegP.
In the case of English, the same principle holds. The idea of totality or wholeness can be expressed via
indefinite phrases (elsewhere, something else, someone else, nobody, nothing, none, all, each etc). The
difference between Romanian and English is that the latter has a negative parameter setting for Negation,
meaning that double negation is disallowed in English, but allowed in Romanian.
The definitions offered by Romanian grammar 6 point this clearly and they are observed by English situations
as well.
1
The coordinated structures function like one element and the θ role is assigned to this composite element. Goodall (1987:20-21,
54-55) advocates in favor of a PM (phrase marker) union.
2
There are two lexically identical phrases.
3
There are two identical phrases from the point of view of their syntactic function, which are parallel.
4
Draşoveanu (1997:277) defines it as absenţă prin non-repetare whereas Chomsky (1995/1996:126) considers it according to the
MP deletion of phonetically marked material.
5
Cornilescu (2006:57).
6
We offer the definitions in G A L R (2005: 587) and Irimia (2004:464)
Exception adverbials