(Person) Percentage - Sabanci University Research Database

More documents

Recommendations

Info

The Asian Media & Mass Communication Conference 2010 Osaka, Japan Since the beginning of television news reporting, the advertisement-news relation which began with the firms sponsoring the news programs emanated in elimination of the news which might damage the firms’ image (Mitchell, 1994: 230). Afterwards, a legal adjustment was made with definitions of news, advertisements and sponsors made by official commissions. Despite that, regarding audience guidance, advertiser-publisher relationships continue affecting the content through various methods (Mitchell, 1994: 233). According to Neil Henry, advertorial news is commonly used in company advertisings and political campaigns particularly for the public relations sector. For example, cosmetics sector is worth millions of dollars and they spend enormous amount of money on advertorial news. With a functionalist approach, Henry focuses on media’s mission to inform the public and states that besides hindering media’s basic functions, advertorial news threatens the ethical principles. Advertorial news also oppresses the freedom of editors and white-collar workers to make news (Henry, 2007: 30 and 237). In Australia concrete examples regarding advertorial news can be given through lifestyle magazines. Presentation of lifestyle stands out as the dominant content in these publications which cover issues like celebrity lives, youth news, music-film industry, manwoman relations, hobbies, sports, healthy life and personal care. In these representations, a considerable number of advertisements and news about products and services are used. News items which introduce a particular brand’s product as a desired and must-be-bought object are also very common (Mc Knight, 2005: 34-35). One of the pioneers of American television news, Edward S. Murrow emphasizes that “if news is regarded as a commodity and picked up based on its profit rate, it cannot be called news anymore” (Quoting Sperber, 1998: 229). Originated in America, functionalist philosophy tradition is a pragmatic approach. This tradition defines market economy, family and ethics phenomena, all of which are the products of the same social formation, as separate and conflicting areas. However, Marxist philosophy based on dialectic materialism deals with all these and their conflicts as parts of the same economic structure. Thus, it places its attitude on changing the economic structure (Fuchs, 2009: 71). Keeping a similar attitude in its subject due to social change, 20 th century neo-Maxism accepts that the mentioned superstructural institutions are relatively independent. It assumes that these structures could be used for opposite social arrangements as well as the hegemony and the ideological production of the existing order. Approaches like critical political economy and instrumentalism which are considered as critical approaches are evaluations accepted as part of the neo-Marxist philosophy (Fuchs, 2009: 72-73). In this context, as well 543
The Asian Media & Mass Communication Conference 2010 Osaka, Japan as the analysis of advertorial news as a form of economic and cultural production in terms of critical political economy and its function to create hegemony, examining the conflictive condition of liberal press ethics is also significant for this study. Post-Fordist Process in Turkey, New Structure of Media and Advertorial News Since the early 20 th century, Turkey has followed a planned development policy based on state-leading industrialization and state-subsided private sector. In the country where media is shaped in accordance with these policies, it could be argued that transition to post- Fordist structure and to the new liberal policies it requires was painful. In the post-World War II period, Turkey, which tried to attach itself to the Western structures, underwent serious problems throughout the crisis period in 1970s. On January 24, 1980, economic decisions which embodied post-fordist traces were taken in the axis of liberal foreign trade policy. These decisions were applied by National Unity Committee of the coup period and Motherland Party which was “elected” following the heated coup conditions. In this framework, it could be assumed that the mentioned change and the structures it contains in Turkish economy are realized through so-called legal and suppressive-whenneeded ways, preceding the country’s own market mechanisms. Shaped in the aftermath of deregulation, and in a sense called as regulation, this process is applied in all social areas including media. Tabloidization in media content, advertorial news and journalism ethics, etc. created a structure in Turkey similar to the West from which all these were imitated. Common media in Turkey implements a cultural production which is distant to the country’s particular cultural structure and indifferent to poverty-oriented economic problems. It could be argued that the fundamental reasons behind this are work practices in media and diagonal monopolized structure emerged with ownership structure of the media which aims at attaching itself to the global structure. We can discuss that the ideological function of advertorial news and their effect on journalism practices bear similarities with the Western examples analyzed above. Reformed media sector has grown more supportive of ideological production in context of its complicated relations with the state and its institutions. In an environment where politics and claiming one’s rights through democratic ways are restricted, widespread publishing of gossip column content and a common tabloidization in content provides the opportunity for the masses to feel relieved imagining a life and welfare that is never going to be reached. In the new period, the middle class masses of the previous phase have become more impoverished due to unemployment and low wages. Celebrities who gained fame and luxury without having 544
Page 2 and 3:
The 1 st Asian Conference on Media
Page 5 and 6:
Contents
Page 7 and 8:
The Asian Conference on Media and M
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
The Asian Media & Mass Communicatio
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
Page 371 and 372:
Page 373 and 374:
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Page 383 and 384:
Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Page 403 and 404:
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
Page 435 and 436:
Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
Page 441 and 442:
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Page 449 and 450:
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Page 481 and 482:
Page 483 and 484:
Page 485 and 486:
Page 487 and 488:
Page 489 and 490:
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495 and 496:
Page 497 and 498:
Page 499 and 500:
Page 501 and 502:
Page 503 and 504:
Page 505 and 506:
Page 507 and 508:
Page 509 and 510:
Page 511 and 512:
Page 513 and 514:
Page 515 and 516: The Asian Media & Mass Communicatio
Page 543: The Asian Media & Mass Communicatio
Page 565: The Asian Media & Mass Communicatio
Page 575 and 576: The Asian Conference on Media & Mas
Page 605: The Asian Conference on Media & Mas
show all

(Person) Percentage - Sabanci University Research Database

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?