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The Asian Conference on Media & Mass Communication Osaka, Japan
Critical Success Factors in Digital Libraries
Implementation: A Review
Fatemeh Lagzian
Abstract — Digital Library, one of the tools emerged from technology, has been integrated in many information centers. There are
several factors that need to be considered while developing or implementing digital libraries. This paper is intended to specify digital
libraries critical success factors (CSFs) as perceived by digital library specialists. The published digital libraries critical success factors
were surveyed and grouped into 3 categories namely: technical factors, human factors, and aspect factors. Each category included
several critical success factors. The categorization was tested by specialists of surveying nine of digital libraries in Iran. The results
revealed digital libraries CSFs that are approval by those specialists.
Index Terms — Digital libraries, Success factors, critical success factors
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1 INTRODUCTION
I
n 1980s there was a main question that why
some company and organizations are very
successful than other. The answer to this
question appeared as “Term Critical Success
Factor (CFS)” in articles (Slim, 2007).CSFs is
“that thing that must be done if a company is to be
successful” (Freund, 1988).
In some research Boynton and Zmud (1984)
had been defined CSF concepts, they emphasized
critical success factors are those few things that
must go well to ensure success for a manager or an
organization, and CSFs include issues vital to an
organization’s current operating activities and to
its future success. (Boynton & Zmud, 1984)
With browsing in Wikipedia (the free
encyclopedia), Critical Success Factor (CSF) is
defined the term and conditions for a system
members that is essential to achieve its mission. At
first the term was used in business and data
analysis (From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia).
Rockart (1979) defined CSFs as “the limited
number of areas in which results, if they are
satisfactory, will ensure successful competitive
performance for the organization” (Rockart, 1979).
In a more recent study, CSFs are described as
“being necessary and sufficient for success: each
factor is necessary, and the set of factors are
sufficient” (Williams & Ramaprasad, 1996).
According to Williams and Ramaprasad (1996), an
individual factor may be identified as critical
because it is frequently associated or highly
correlated with success. (Kim & Pan, 2006)
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• F. Lagzian is a PhD candidate from Iran attached at the
faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology,
University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
E-mail: fatemeh.lagzian@gmail.com.
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2 RESEARCH AIM
Many research studies have determined several
critical success factors in Digital libraries
implementations (see table 1). These studies,
however, discussed the success factors from
different prospective and in different contexts.
The aim of this study is having two parts: to
identify the most cited Digital libraries critical
success factors in the literature and to organize
these success factors in an organized and perfect
set in order to have a clearer picture and a better
understanding of the factors that are considered to
be crucial for a successful DLs implementation.
3 METHODOLOGY
This study is a review of literature on Digital
libraries. We decided to focus our study on articles
that discuss particularly on critical success factors
and Digital libraries implementation; all the
articles that we selected are published in some high
quality journals. All the articled surveyed were
extracted from different databases related to
Library and Information Science such as Springer,
Emerald, Science Direct and ACM Digital Library.
We used the terms Digital libraries, Information
system, Digital libraries success factors. We
limited the search date to be between (2001 and
2010) in order to get relatively up to date articles.
To better analyze the articles, we divided them into
three categories based on the CSF topic they
discussed. The three categories can be grouped
into: (1) technical factors; (2) human factors; and
(3) aspect factors