TRADITIONAL POSTER - ismrm

Poster Sessions
2027. Mapping the Development of the Human Connectome
Patric Hagmann 1 , Olaf Sporns 2 , Stephan Gerhard 3 , Rudolph Pienaar 4,5 , Jean-Philippe Thiran 3 , Leila
Cammoun 3 , Neel Madan 6 , P Ellen Grant 4,5
1 Department of Radiology, CHUV-UNIL, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland; 2 Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana
University, Bloomington, IN, United States; 3 Signal Processing Laboratory 5, EPFL, Lausanne, VD, Switzerland; 4 Division of
Newborn Medicine and Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, United States; 5 Athinoula A. Martinos
Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH-Harvard, Boston, MA, United States; 6 Department of Radiology, MGH-Harvard, Boston, MA,
United States
From birth to early adulthood the brain undergoes dramatic modifications resulting in network development and optimization. In the present study we
investigate the development of the human connectome but measuring myelination trajectories of individual connections over the entire brain structural
network using high b-value diffusion imaging and tractography. We found significant changes in several network measures that support increased integration
and efficiency. We also observe that the network doesn’t myelinate at a uniform rate but with different myelination speeds dependant on the type of cortex.
2028. Mapping Primary Gyrogenesis. In-Utero, High-Resolution Structural MRI Study of Brain
Development in Fetal Baboons
Peter Kochunov 1 , Carlos Castro 2 , David Purdy 3 , Yi Zhang 1 , Duff Davis 1
1 Reseach Imaging Institute, UTHSCSA, san antonio, TX, United States; 2 Ob / Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, University of
Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; 3 Siemens Medical Solutions, Malvern, PA , United States
Primary gyrogenesis is a poorly-understood developmental process that transforms the lissencephalic cortex of a maturing mammalian brain toward its
mature, gyrencephalic state by sculpting an intricate pattern of folds (gyri) and burrows (sulci). A novel in utero MRI protocol developed specifically for
high-resolution imaging of fetal brain was used for precise tracking of global and regional gyrification in fetuses of baboons, information that would
otherwise be difficult to obtain. These studies revealed a disparity in the growth rates of revealed a disparity of the growth rates in sulcal length and depth.
2029. Central and Cortical Gray Mater Segmentation of Magnetic Resonance Images of the Fetal Brain
Meritxell Bach Cuadra 1 , Marie Schaer 2 , Gabriele Bonano 1 , Anouk André 1 , Laurent Guibaud 3 , Stephan
Eliez 2 , Jean-Philippe Thiran 1
1 Signal Processing Laboratory (LTS5), Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), Ecublens, Vaud, Switzerland; 2 Service
Médico-Pédagogique, Psychiatry Department, University of Geneva School of Medicine, Switzerland; 3 Imagerie pédiatrique et fœtale,
Hôpital Debrousse, Lyon, France
In this work we present our methodology to segment central (basal ganglia) and cortical gray mater of brain in magnetic resonance fetal imaging. This is a
key step in the study of early human brain development. The results for basal ganglia segmentation are quantitatively validated in 4 cases from 29 to 32
gestational weeks. Cortical brain surface is evaluated qualitatively in a case study. Our efforts are now in testing such approach on a wider range of
gestational ages that we will include in the final version of this work and studying as well its generalization to different scanners and different type of MRI
sequences.
2030. Correction Strategy for Infants’ Diffusion-Weighted Images Corrupted with Motion
Jessica Dubois 1,2 , Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz 1,3 , Lucie Hertz-Pannier 2,4 , Giovanna Santoro 1 , Jean-
François Mangin, 3,5 , Cyril Poupon, 3,5
1 U562, Inserm, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; 2 LBIOM, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France; 3 IFR49, Paris, France; 4 U663, Inserm, Paris, France;
5 LNAO, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) offers the possibility to study the developing white matter non-invasively. However, diffusion-weighted images obtained in
non-sedated infants are often corrupted with motion artifacts. We propose a post-processing methodology which takes advantage of the high diffusion
orientation count and corrects these images before the computation of diffusion maps. The strategy relies on three successive steps: two steps of correction of
corrupted slices (using decomposition on a spherical harmonics basis), separated by a step of 3D motion registration. This approach was validated on DTI
data from 15 infants, by reliably evaluating the corpus callosum maturation with tractography-based quantification.
2031. Characterization of the Pig Brain as a Neuroimaging Model for Early Human Brain Development: A
Combined Structural MRI and DTI Study
Jeff D. Winter 1 , Jelena Lukovic 1 , Andrea Kassner 1,2
1 Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; 2 Medical Imaging, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
In this study, we explored the potential of the swine brain for neurodevelopmental imaging by MRI characterization of structural and microstructural
changes. We collected anatomical and diffusion tensor images from 11 juvenile (1-12 wk) pigs. A significant positive logarithmic relationship existed
between body weight and tissue brain volumes, as well as the surface folding index, a measure of cortical folding. Similar to humans, fractional anisotropy
exhibited a logarithmic increase with body weight for all regions investigated. No mean diffusivity changes existed. These results suggest the swine brain
may provide an informative model for translational studies of early human brain development.