TRADITIONAL POSTER - ismrm

Poster Sessions
2061. Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Rostral Brain Areas in Patients with Congenital Central Hypoventilation
Syndrome
Rajesh Kumar 1 , Paul M. Macey 2,3 , Mary A. Woo 2 , Ronald M. Harper 1,3
1 Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States; 2 School of Nursing, UCLA, Los
Angeles, CA, United States; 3 Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS) patients show respiratory and autonomic deficits likely resulting from PHOX2B mutations affecting
autonomic development, or from hypoxic injury. We evaluated axial- and radial-diffusivity, indicating axonal and myelin deficits, respectively, in rostral
brain of CCHS. Increased radial-diffusivity emerged in the corona-radiata, internal-capsule, and corpus-callosum, suggesting myelin injury. Axial-diffusivity
changes appeared in the thalamus, internal-capsule, corona-radiate, occipital, and temporal lobes, suggesting axonal deficits. Increased axial- and radialdiffusivity
appeared in basal forebrain, limbic, occipital, and temporal areas, indicating myelin and axonal deficits. The mechanisms of brain injury are
unknown, but likely include both hypoxic and genetic processes.
2062. Surface Deformation-Based Analysis of Regional Shape Variations of Hippocampus in Children with
FAS
Jesu Christopher Joseph 1 , Anton Eicher 2 , Christopher Warton 1 , Sandra W Jacobson 3 , Joseph L Jacobson 3 ,
Christopher D Molteno, Patrick Marais 2 , Ernesta M Meintjes 1
1 Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; 2 Computer Science, University of Cape Town,
Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; 3 Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, United States
The main objective of this work is to assess the shape variations of the hippocampus structure between control and FAS affected children. For this Highresolution
structural MRI images were acquired of 12 children aged 9-12 years on a 3T Siemens Allegra Scanner (6 controls and 6 FAS). Hippocampi were
manually delineated. The entire structure of the hippocampus was divided into three regions, namely head, body and tail. A point distribution model, which
represents the mean geometry of a shape using landmark points, was used to capture the true geometry of the hippocampus. Approximately 2366 landmark
points were used. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to study correlations of movement between groups of landmark points among the control
children who were used as the training set and to assess the geometric variations between the healthy and exposed subjects.
2063. A Realistic Model of Brain Tissue in Case of Hydrocephalus: Application of MRI, DTI and MRE
Kamal Shahim 1 , Ralph Sinkus 2 , Jean-Marie Drezet 1 , Shahan Momjian 3 , jean-francois Molinari 4
1 LSMX, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland; 2 Laboratoire Ondes et Acoustique, ESPCI, Paris,
France; 3 University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Switzerland; 4 LSMS, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne,
Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland
Hydrocephalus is a cerebral disease wherein the brain ventricles dilate and the parenchyma is stressed. In order to study this condition, a finite element
model is built using the geometries of the ventricles and the skull measured by MRI. DTI is used to establish the fiber direction and the local frame. Indeed,
elasticity data based on MRE is incorporated into the constitutive equation. The brain parenchyma is modeled as a porous medium. Under an applied
pressure gradient, Isotropic and Transverse Isotropic models are tested and compared together. The transmission of the applied pressure is substantially
influenced by the anisotropy and inhomogeneity of brain parenchyma.
2064. Abnormal Brain Tissue Sodium Metabolism on MRI After Cardiac Arrest in Children
Ericka L. Fink 1,2 , Patrick M. Kochanek 1,2 , Ashok Panigrahy 3 , Fernando E. Boada 4,5
1 Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; 2 Safar Center for Resuscitation
Research, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; 3 Radiology, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States;
4 Radiology, UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; 5 Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
In two children with cardiac arrest, tissue sodium concentration was increased in regions of the brain that are most vulnerable to hypoxia-ischemia and
reperfusion (basal ganglia and occipitoparietal cortex), representing prolonged or delayed deranged brain tissue Na metabolism.
2065. Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging Assessment of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Vitria Adisetiyo 1 , Sarah S. Milla 2 , Howard Weiner 3 , Caixia Hu 2 , Ali Tabesh 2 , Jens H. Jensen 1,2 , Joseph A.
Helpern 1,2
1 Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; 2 Radiology, New York
University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; 3 Neurosurgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York,
NY, United States
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disease that manifests in the CNS as cortical/subcortical tuber lesions consisting of abnormal dysplastic
neurons. Tubers are presumed to contribute to epileptogenesis and to developmental delays in TSC. Given several reports of “silent” tubers with active
surrounding perilesion tissue, we applied Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging (DKI) to quantitatively characterize the microstructure of tubers as compared to
surrounding perilesion and normal appearing contralateral tissue in TSC patients aged 2-10 years and age-matched controls. Region of interest analysis
found that only tubers are associated with significant increase in diffusivity and substantial decrease in microstructural heterogeneity.
2066. Fetal Brain During a Binge Drinking Episode. a Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Fetal Brain
Perfusion Study.
Peter Kochunov 1 , Carlos Castro 2 , Gerald Schatten 3 , David Purdy 4 , Hsiao-Ying Wey 1 , Duff Davis 1
1 Reseach Imaging Institute, UTHSCSA, san antonio, TX, United States; 2 Ob / Gyn and Reproductive Sciences, University of
Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; 3 Pittsburgh Development Center, University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; 4 Siemens Healthcare USA, Malvern, PA , United States
While the teratogenic properties of alcohol are well known, the mechanisms by which alcohol-induced damage is produced in the CNS are still largely
unknown. We present findings of changes in dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) in fetal brain of a non-human primate (baboon) during a protocol