TRADITIONAL POSTER - ismrm

Poster Sessions
significant interaction of age by group as indicated by an accelerated age-related loss in the adolescents with ASD but an age-related gain in the controls.
The findings provided evidence of aberrant neurodevelopment in ASD.
2152. White Matter Abnormalities in Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Preliminary Evidence from
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Sung-Yeon Park 1 , Se-Hong Oh 1 , Hyo-Woon Yoon 1 , Young-Bo Kim 1 , Zang-Hee Cho 1 , Keun-Ah Cheon 2
1 Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea, Republic of; 2 2Division of child and
Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Kyunggi-Do, Korea, Republic of
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by qualitative impairments of reciprocal social interaction and deficits in communication, and
stereotyped or repetitive pattern of behavior. A few reports have shown the abnormalities of white matter in autism using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI),
however there is still lack of evidence showing strong relation to abnormalities in white matter structural integrity with autism. We enrolled thirty four male
subjects (17 ASD, 17 healthy controls, matched on age, IQ, handedness.). Our preliminary findings which showed significant reduction of FA in white
matter structure related social cognition in ASD subjects compared control subjects support previous findings that social brain structure may be disrupted in
ASD. These findings will help on understanding of more advanced neurobiological basis underlying the social deficits in ASD.
2153. Imaging Myelin in Autism
Janneke Zinkstok 1 , Eileen Daly 1 , Christine Ecker 1 , Patrick Johnston 1 , Shannon Kolind 2 , Declan Murphy 1 ,
Sean Deoni 2
1 Section of Brain Maturation, Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom; 2 Centre of Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of
Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom
Using the novel Multi-Component Driven Equilibrium Single Pulsed Observation of T1 and T2 (mcDESPOT) method, we quantitatively compared myelin
content between individuals with autism and healthy controls. We found significantly reduced myelin content in adults with autism in brain regions
previously implicated in autism, including the body of the corpus callosum, and in frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital regions; and in white matter tracts
including the left and right uncinate, the left inferior occipitofrontal tract, the left inferior cerebellar peduncle, the left arcuate, the right anterior segment, the
left inferior and superior longitudinal fasciculus, and the posterior segments bilaterally.
2154. Inter-Subject Comparison of Fractional Anisotropy in Attention-Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder
Tzu-Chao Chuang 1 , Sheng-Po Huang 1 , Pinchen Yang 2 , Ming-Ting Wu 3,4
1 Electrical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Taiwan; 2 Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University
Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Taiwan; 3 School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan; 4 Radiology,
Kaohsiung Veteran General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Taiwan
In this study, white matter abnormalities of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder were investigated using diffusion tensor imaging. Two different
algorithms, including the well-known voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method and recently proposed tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), were applied for
inter-subject comparison. 26 male adolescents (12 ADHD patients and 14 age-matching control subjects) were recruited in this study. Significant decrease of
FA was observed on white matter tracts widespread in a scattering pattern by the use of both methods in patients compared to the control group.
2155. MRS Measurement of GABA and Glutamate-Glutamine in Frontal Cortex in Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder
Lawrence Steven Kegeles 1,2 , H. Blair Simpson 1 , Xiangling Mao 3 , Rena Staub 1 , Dikoma C. Shungu 3
1 Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States; 2 Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States;
3 Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
This MRS study addressed GABA and glutamate-glutamine levels in a hypothesized abnormal neurochemical circuit in obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD). Recent animal and human studies have implicated the glutamate system in OCD in these abnormalities. We used the J edited spin echo difference
method to evaluate glutamate-glutamine and GABA in two frontal cortical regions, the anterior cingulate and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in OCD. We
found no differences between OCD subjects and controls in either measure in either brain region, suggesting that further studies are needed to fully
characterize the neurochemistry of the hypothesized abnormal circuitry in OCD.
2156. Impaired Default-Mode Networks of Affective Disorders: Evidences of Image-Guided Proton MRS
Tzu-chen Yeh 1,2 , Chih-Ying Lin 2 , Cheng-Wen Ko 3 , Ton-Ping Su 4 , Wan-Yuo Guo 5 , Jen-Chuen Hsieh 2 , Low-
Ton Ho 1
1 Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan; 2 Institute of Brain
Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan; 3 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun
Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Taiwan; 4 Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan,
Taiwan; 5 Department of Radiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Taiwan
The spatial template of default-mode network (DMN) has been constructed and shown precuneus/posterior cingulate areas (PC, Brodmann area 31) with
highest reproducibility in 60 normal subjects. High resting metabolic rate of DMN was implied by previous deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography. In
this study of affective disorders (bipolar and major depressive disorders), bioenergetics of Brodmann area 24 and DMN was probed by total creatine using
real-time localized image-guided proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (ig-HMRS) and LCModel quantification. As compared to affective disorders,
higher metabolism of PC (representing DMN) in normal subjects was supported by higher total creatine concentration.