TRADITIONAL POSTER - ismrm

Poster Sessions
2049. Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Voxel-Based MRI Study of Neural Correlates
William Lloyd 1 , Mark Mon-Williams 2 , Gordon D. Waiter 3 , Justin H. G. Williams 4
1 Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom; 2 Institute of Physiological
Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; 3 Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen,
United Kingdom; 4 Department of Child Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common childhood disease that affects roughly 6% of the population and can have a long-term impact for
sufferers. The role of specific brain areas in DCD has long been postulated from behavioural studies, yet the underlying aetiology of the disease remains
poorly understood. We used MRI to investigate correlations between regional brain volumes and psychometric measures in a DCD population. The research
presented here provides, to the best of our knowledge, the first structural neuroimaging evidence of the role of regional brain structure in DCD.
2050. Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study of Adolescents with Spina Bifida
Xiawei Ou 1,2 , John J. Hall 3 , Charles M. Glasier 1,2 , Jeffrey H. Snow 3
1 Radiology Department, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR, United States; 2 Department of Radiology, University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States; 3 Psychology Section, Department of Pediatrics, University of
Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
Diffusion tensor imaging study was performed on adolescents with spina bifida and age matched controls. The study was aimed to detect the abnormalities
in cerebral white matter microstructures in spina bifida patients. We found significantly elevated mean diffusivity of water in major white matter tracts, as
well as decreased fractional anisotropy in the corpus callosum and callosal fibers. In addition, significant changes of white matter DTI parameters were
observed in the cerebral hemisphere with ventricular shunt in spina bifida patients. Our study provides useful information of brain development affected by
spina bifida.
2051. Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency with Persistent Abnormality in Cerebral Glutamate
Metabolism
Napapon Sailasuta 1 , Andrea L. Gropman 2 , Kent Harris 1 , Osama Abulseoud 3 , Brian D. Ross 1,4
1 Clinical MR Spectroscopy, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States; 2 Neurology, Children's National
Medical Center, Washington D.C., United States; 3 University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA,
United States; 4 Rudi Schulte Research Institute, Santa Barbara , CA, United States
Despite effective treatment of hyperammonemia, children and adult survivors of ornithine transcarbamlyase deficiency (OTCD) a frequent enzyme defect of
the hepatic urea cycle, exhibit a wide variety of neurological, neuropsychological, neuroimaging and neurochemical abnormalities. Most recently, in
addition to proton MRS abnormalities o sub-clinical hepatic encephalopathy, residual deficits in glutamate neurotransmission have been identified by noninvasive
13C MRS studies after ‘loading’ tests with 1-13C and 2-13C glucose. The results point to a hitherto unrecognized defect in cerebral glucose
metabolism. Successful therapies of this new lesion may improve long term neurological outcome for this and other defects of urea synthesis.
2052. Diffusion MRI Detects Different Developmental Trajectory in the Thalamus of Adolescents with
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Compared with Typically Developing Controls
Maria Fatima Falangola 1,2 , Vitria Adisetiyo 1 , Wende R. Gelb 1 , Jens H. Jensen 1 , Caixia Hu 1 , Ali Tabesh 1 ,
Francisco X. Castellanos 3 , Adriana DiMartino 3 , Joseph A. Helpern 1,2
1 Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; 2 Center for Advanced Brain Imaging,
Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States; 3 Child Study Center, New York University Langone Medical Center, New
York, NY, United States
Since the neuroanatomical basis of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is postulated to involve the frontal cortical-basal ganglia-thalamiccerebellar
circuits, we decided to examine the microstructural integrity of the thalamus in adolescents with ADHD using diffusion MRI, including a new
technique called diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI). We report that for a typically developing adolescent (12-18 yr), there are age-related diffusion changes
in the thalamus, but no diffusion changes in the ADHD group, which suggest that there may be a difference in the trajectories of structural development in
the thalamus between typically developing and ADHD adolescents.
2053. Cerebellar Vermis Impairment in Children Treated for Brain Malignancies
Alena Horska 1 , Ashley LaClair 2 , Mona Mohamed 1 , Carolyn T. Wells 3 , Todd McNutt 1 , Moody Wharam 1 , E
Mark Mahone 4 , Wendy Kates 2
1 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States; 2 SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States;
3 Children's National Medical Center, Rockville, MD, United States; 4 Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
The goal of this prospective longitudinal study in children receiving brain radiation involving the cerebellum was to evaluate vermal volumes and
performance on neuropsychological tests associated with cerebellar function. In patients, lower mean vermal volumes and impaired performance on visualspatial
and fine motor tasks were detected at baseline. At 6-months post-radiation, further decrease in vermal volumes was detected in medulloblastoma
patients; the vermal volumes decrease was not associated with reduction in neuropsychological performance compared to baseline. Regression analyses of
the 6-months follow-up data from all subjects revealed better performance on the Purdue Pegboard tests with larger vermal volumes.
2054. Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging in Pediatric Epilepsy
Masahiro Ida 1 , Hisashi Yoshizawa 1 , Shunsuke Sugawara 1 , Yuko Kubo 1 , Keiko Hino 1 , Naoya Yorozu 1
1 Department of Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Ebara Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) exploits phase shift itself to enhance contrast caused by the susceptibility differences between tissues. SWI provides
high-spatial resolution, blood-oxygen-dependent contrast without requiring contrast media. We present two pediatric patients who showed prominent cortical
veins with marked hypointensity on SWI in the acute stage after onset of generalized seizure. SWI findings reflect transient misery perfusion secondary to